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He Y, Chen J, Tang C, Deng Q, Guo L, Cheng Y, Li Z, Wang T, Xu J, Gao C. Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Fusarium commune Causing Strawberry Root Rot in Southcentral China. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050899. [PMID: 35627284 PMCID: PMC9140712 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Strawberry plants and fruits are vulnerable to infections by a broad range of pathogens and pests. However, knowledge about the epidemiology of pathogens causing strawberry diseases is limited. In this study, we analyzed Fusarium commune, a major fungal pathogen causing strawberry root rot, from diseased strawberry root tissues in southcentral China. A total of 354 isolates were obtained from 11 locations that spanned about 700 km from both south to north and east to west. Multilocus genotypes of all isolates were obtained using seven polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers developed in this study. Our analyses revealed significant genetic diversity within each of the 11 local populations of F. commune. STRUCTURE analysis revealed that the optimal number of genetic populations for the 354 strains was two, with most local geographic populations containing isolates in both genetic clusters. Interestingly, many isolates showed allelic ancestry to both genetic clusters, consistent with recent hybridization between the two genetic clusters. In addition, though alleles and genotypes were frequently shared among local populations, statistically significant genetic differentiations were found among the local populations. However, the observed F. commune population genetic distances were not correlated with geographic distances. Together, our analyses suggest that populations of F. commune causing strawberry root rot are likely endemic to southcentral China, with each local population containing shared and unique genetic elements. Though the observed gene flow among geographic regions was relatively low, human activities will likely accelerate pathogen dispersals, resulting in the generation of new genotypes through mating and recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu He
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Qiao Deng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Litao Guo
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Tuhong Wang
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410205, China
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Santillán-Mendoza R, Montoya-Martínez AC, Pineda-Vaca D, Fernández-Pavía SP, Montero-Castro JC, Benítez-Malvido J, Ortega-Arreola R, Rodríguez-Alvarado G. Genetic diversity of Fusarium pseudocircinatum in the central western region of Mexico: the case of big-leaf mahogany malformation disease. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6599-6609. [PMID: 32772344 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05711-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium pseudocircinatum is the main causal agent of big-leaf mahogany malformation disease (BLMMD) of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) in Mexico. Although, BLMMD is the most important disease for this high-value timber species, there is a lack of information on the genetic variation present in geographically diverse isolates of F. pseudocircinatum. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic diversity of populations of F. pseudocircinatum causing BLMMD in the central western region of Mexico. A total of 611 big-leaf mahogany trees were inspected at eight sites in four states (Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco and Michoacán); of these, 42.7% showed malformation symptoms similar to those of BLMMD. Of 374 Fusarium isolates that were recovered, 277 were identified as F. pseudocircinatum, 56 were F. mexicanum, and 41 were Fusarium spp. An ISSR analysis of the F. pseudocircinatum isolates generated 51 bands of which 38 were polymorphic (76.8%) with a mean of 17 bands per primer. A total of 87 multilocus genotypes (MLGs) were identified. Nei's genetic diversity analysis showed that the isolates had a high genetic diversity average (0.147), with values ranging from 0.070 to 0.365 depending of the geographical location. An analysis of molecular variance revealed that the variation within the populations was low (27.36%), while the variation within MLGs was significant (72.64%), indicating genetic flow. Overall, the genetic variability of F. pseudocircinatum populations was high and the MLGs from Colima (Colima) and Gabriel Zamora (Michoacán) were placed centrally, which possibly is evidence of ancestry and indicates its dispersion routes in the central western region of Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Santillán-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal, IIAF, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mich., Mexico.,Campo Experimental Ixtacuaco, CIRGOC, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Tlapacoyan, Ver., Mexico
| | | | - Daniela Pineda-Vaca
- Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal, IIAF, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mich., Mexico
| | - Sylvia P Fernández-Pavía
- Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal, IIAF, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mich., Mexico
| | | | - Julieta Benítez-Malvido
- Ecología del Hábitat Alterado, IIES, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Mich., Mexico
| | - Rubén Ortega-Arreola
- Campo Experimental Tecomán, CIRPAC, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Tecomán, Col., Mexico
| | - Gerardo Rodríguez-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Patología Vegetal, IIAF, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mich., Mexico.
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