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Bauersachs D, Bomholtz L, del Rey Mateos S, Kühn R, Lisowski P. Novel human neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disease associated with IRF2BPL gene variants-mechanisms and therapeutic avenues. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1426177. [PMID: 38903604 PMCID: PMC11187338 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1426177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently a broad range of phenotypic abnormalities related to the neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorder NEDAMSS (Neurodevelopmental Disorder with Regression, Abnormal Movements, Loss of Speech, and Seizures) have been associated with rare single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or insertion and deletion variants (Indel) in the intron-less gene IRF2BPL. Up to now, 34 patients have been identified through whole exome sequencing carrying different heterozygous pathogenic variants spanning the intron-less gene from the first polyglutamine tract at the N-terminus to the C3HC4 RING domain of the C-terminus of the protein. As a result, the phenotypic spectrum of the patients is highly heterogeneous and ranges from abnormal neurocognitive development to severe neurodegenerative courses with developmental and seizure-related encephalopathies. While the treatment of IRF2BPL-related disorders has focused on alleviating the patient's symptoms by symptomatic multidisciplinary management, there has been no prospect of entirely relieving the symptoms of the individual patients. Yet, the recent advancement of CRISPR-Cas9-derived gene editing tools, leading to the generation of base editors (BEs) and prime editors (PEs), provide an encouraging new therapeutic avenue for treating NEDAMSS and other neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, which contain SNPs or smaller Indels in post-mitotic cell populations of the central nervous system, due to its ability to generate site-specific DNA sequence modifications without creating double-stranded breaks, and recruiting the non-homologous DNA end joining repair mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bauersachs
- Genome Engineering & Disease Models, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Louise Bomholtz
- Genome Engineering & Disease Models, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sara del Rey Mateos
- Quantitative Stem Cell Biology, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB) Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Kühn
- Genome Engineering & Disease Models, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Pawel Lisowski
- Quantitative Stem Cell Biology, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB) Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Research Division, Translation and Neurotechnology Research Group, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Chen P, Chen Y, Chiu J, Wu M, Tai C, Chang Y, Lan M, Lee N, Lin C. Genetic analysis of IRF2BPL in a Taiwanese dystonia cohort: The genotype and phenotype correlation. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:1557-1566. [PMID: 38650104 PMCID: PMC11187836 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE IRF2BPL mutation has been associated with a rare neurodevelopmental disorder with abnormal movements, including dystonia. However, the role of IRF2BPL in dystonia remains elusive. We aimed to investigate IRF2BPL mutations in a Taiwanese dystonia cohort. METHODS A total of 300 unrelated patients with molecularly unassigned isolated (n = 256) or combined dystonia (n = 44) were enrolled between January 2015 and July 2023. The IRF2BPL variants were analyzed based on whole exome sequencing. The in silico prediction of the identified potential pathogenic variant was performed to predict its pathogenicity. We also compared the clinical and genetic features to previous literature reports. RESULTS We identified one adolescent patient carrying a de novo heterozygous pathogenic variant of IRF2BPL, c.379C>T (p.Gln127Ter), who presented with generalized dystonia, developmental regression, and epilepsy (0.33% of our dystonia cohort). This variant resides within the polyglutamine (poly Q) domain before the first PEST sequence block of the IRF2BPL protein, remarkably truncating the protein structure. Combined with other patients with IRF2BPL mutations in the literature (n = 60), patients with variants in the poly Q domain have a higher rate of nonsense mutations (p < 0.001) and epilepsy (p = 0.008) than patients with variants in other domains. Furthermore, as our index patient, carriers with substitutions before the first PEST sequence block have significantly older age of onset (p < 0.01) and higher non-epilepsy symptoms, including generalized dystonia (p = 0.003), and ataxia (p = 0.003). INTERPRETATION IRF2BPL mutation is a rare cause of dystonia in our population. Mutations in different domains of IRF2BPL exhibit different phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin‐Shiuan Chen
- Department of NeurologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ying‐Fa Chen
- Department of NeurologyKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
- Center for Parkinson's DiseaseKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Jian‐Ying Chiu
- Department of Medical ResearchNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Meng‐Chen Wu
- Department of NeurologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Geriatrics and GerontologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chun‐Hwei Tai
- Department of NeurologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yung‐Yee Chang
- Department of NeurologyKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
- Center for Parkinson's DiseaseKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Min‐Yu Lan
- Department of NeurologyKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
- Center for Parkinson's DiseaseKaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
| | - Ni‐Chung Lee
- Department of Medical GeneticsNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chin‐Hsien Lin
- Department of NeurologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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3
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Thomsen M, Lange LM, Zech M, Lohmann K. Genetics and Pathogenesis of Dystonia. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 19:99-131. [PMID: 37738511 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-051122-110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Dystonia is a clinically and genetically highly heterogeneous neurological disorder characterized by abnormal movements and postures caused by involuntary sustained or intermittent muscle contractions. A number of groundbreaking genetic and molecular insights have recently been gained. While they enable genetic testing and counseling, their translation into new therapies is still limited. However, we are beginning to understand shared pathophysiological pathways and molecular mechanisms. It has become clear that dystonia results from a dysfunctional network involving the basal ganglia, cerebellum, thalamus, and cortex. On the molecular level, more than a handful of, often intertwined, pathways have been linked to pathogenic variants in dystonia genes, including gene transcription during neurodevelopment (e.g., KMT2B, THAP1), calcium homeostasis (e.g., ANO3, HPCA), striatal dopamine signaling (e.g., GNAL), endoplasmic reticulum stress response (e.g., EIF2AK2, PRKRA, TOR1A), autophagy (e.g., VPS16), and others. Thus, different forms of dystonia can be molecularly grouped, which may facilitate treatment development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirja Thomsen
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Lara M Lange
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany;
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany;
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4
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Khan WJ, Maqsood H, Younus S. Novel IRF2BPL gene mutation manifesting as a broad spectrum of neurological disorders: a case report. BMJ Neurol Open 2023; 5:e000459. [PMID: 37649702 PMCID: PMC10462932 DOI: 10.1136/bmjno-2023-000459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background IRF2BPL (interferon regulatory factor 2-binding protein-like) gene is an intronless gene present ubiquitously in the human body, including the brain. Pathogenic variants lead to neurodegeneration and present with phenotypic features of a neurological disorder, including dyslexia, dyscalculia, epilepsy, dystonia, neurodevelopmental regression, loss of motor skills and cerebellar ataxia. Case We present a case of a 9-year-old boy who was brought to the emergency department with generalised tonic-clonic seizures and mild hypotonia. A history included neurological regression. After insignificant lab and imaging results, the patient underwent genetic testing, revealing a novel pathogenic mutation in the IRF2BPL gene (heterozygous variant), which had never been reported in the literature before. An autosomal dominant loss of function mutation was demonstrated, denoting in DNA as NM_0 24 496 c.911 C>T, which results in premature protein termination (p.Glu494). Conclusion Our case highlights the importance of early recognition of the neurological symptoms associated with various IRF2BPL gene mutations so that a timely multidisciplinary management approach can be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wardah Javed Khan
- Northwest School of Medicine, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Hamza Maqsood
- Neurology, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shifa Younus
- Neurology, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
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5
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Gardella E, Michelucci R, Christensen HM, Fenger CD, Reale C, Riguzzi P, Pasini E, Albini-Riccioli L, Papa V, Foschini MP, Cenacchi G, Furia F, Marjanovic D, Hammer TB, Møller RS, Rubboli G. IRF2BPL as a novel causative gene for progressive myoclonus epilepsy. Epilepsia 2023; 64:e170-e176. [PMID: 37114479 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
IRF2BPL has recently been described as a novel cause of neurodevelopmental disorders with multisystemic regression, epilepsy, cerebellar symptoms, dysphagia, dystonia, and pyramidal signs. We describe a novel IRF2BPL phenotype consistent with progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) in three novel subjects and review the features of the 31 subjects with IRF2BPL-related disorders previously reported. Our three probands, aged 28-40 years, harbored de novo nonsense variants in IRF2BPL (c.370C > T, p.[Gln124*] and c.364C > T; p.[Gln122*], respectively). From late childhood/adolescence, they presented with severe myoclonus epilepsy, stimulus-sensitive myoclonus, and progressive cognitive, speech, and cerebellar impairment, consistent with a typical PME syndrome. The skin biopsy revealed massive intracellular glycogen inclusions in one proband, suggesting a similar pathogenic pathway to other storage disorders. Whereas the two older probands were severely affected, the younger proband had a milder PME phenotype, partially overlapping with some of the previously reported IRF2BPL cases, suggesting that some of them might be unrecognized PME. Interestingly, all three patients harbored protein-truncating variants clustered in a proximal, highly conserved gene region around the "coiled-coil" domain. Our data show that PME can be an additional phenotype within the spectrum of IRF2BPL-related disorders and suggest IRF2BPL as a novel causative gene for PME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gardella
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- European Reference Network for Rare and Complex epilepsies (ERN) EpiCARE, University Hospitals of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Roberto Michelucci
- IRCCS-Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Unit of Neurology, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Christina D Fenger
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Chiara Reale
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology, and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riguzzi
- IRCCS-Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Unit of Neurology, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Pasini
- IRCCS-Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Unit of Neurology, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Albini-Riccioli
- IRCCS-Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Unit of Neuroradiology, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Maria Pia Foschini
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cenacchi
- DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Unit of Pathological Anatomy, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Furia
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Trine B Hammer
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Department of Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- Institute for Regional Health Services, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- European Reference Network for Rare and Complex epilepsies (ERN) EpiCARE, University Hospitals of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Guido Rubboli
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- European Reference Network for Rare and Complex epilepsies (ERN) EpiCARE, University Hospitals of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Department of Neurology, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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6
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Horovitz DDG, de Faria Domingues de Lima MA, Pires LDC, Campos Araujo ADQ, Vargas FR. Neurological Phenotypes of IRF2BPL Gene Variants: A Report of Four Novel Variants. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2023; 15:11795735231181467. [PMID: 37346291 PMCID: PMC10280516 DOI: 10.1177/11795735231181467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IRF2BPL gene variants have recently been associated to developmental disability and epilepsy in children and movement disorders in adults. So far, only few cases have been reported; here we present four novel cases identified by exome sequencing, while investigating developmental delay, adult-onset cerebellar ataxia or regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafne Dain Gandelman Horovitz
- Medical Genetics Department, Instituto Nacional de Saúde da
Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira/FIOCRUZ, Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Abelardo de Queiroz Campos Araujo
- Associated Professor Neurology, Universidade Federal do Rio de
Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Researcher, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro
Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernando Regla Vargas
- Medical Genetics, Gaffrée and Guinle University
Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Department, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de
Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Epidemiology of congenital malformations
laboratory, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica
Populacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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7
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Sinha Ray S, Dutta D, Dennys C, Powers S, Roussel F, Lisowski P, Glažar P, Zhang X, Biswas P, Caporale JR, Rajewsky N, Bickle M, Wein N, Bellen HJ, Likhite S, Marcogliese PC, Meyer KC. Mechanisms of IRF2BPL-related disorders and identification of a potential therapeutic strategy. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111751. [PMID: 36476864 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently discovered neurological disorder NEDAMSS is caused by heterozygous truncations in the transcriptional regulator IRF2BPL. Here, we reprogram patient skin fibroblasts to astrocytes and neurons to study mechanisms of this newly described disease. While full-length IRF2BPL primarily localizes to the nucleus, truncated patient variants sequester the wild-type protein to the cytoplasm and cause aggregation. Moreover, patient astrocytes fail to support neuronal survival in coculture and exhibit aberrant mitochondria and respiratory dysfunction. Treatment with the small molecule copper ATSM (CuATSM) rescues neuronal survival and restores mitochondrial function. Importantly, the in vitro findings are recapitulated in vivo, where co-expression of full-length and truncated IRF2BPL in Drosophila results in cytoplasmic accumulation of full-length IRF2BPL. Moreover, flies harboring heterozygous truncations of the IRF2BPL ortholog (Pits) display progressive motor defects that are ameliorated by CuATSM treatment. Our findings provide insights into mechanisms involved in NEDAMSS and reveal a promising treatment for this severe disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrestha Sinha Ray
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Debdeep Dutta
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cassandra Dennys
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samantha Powers
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Florence Roussel
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pawel Lisowski
- The Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Petar Glažar
- The Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pipasha Biswas
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joseph R Caporale
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nikolaus Rajewsky
- The Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Bickle
- Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Wein
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shibi Likhite
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Paul C Marcogliese
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathrin C Meyer
- Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Di Fonzo A, Albanese A, Jinnah HH. The apparent paradox of phenotypic diversity and shared mechanisms across dystonia syndromes. Curr Opin Neurol 2022; 35:502-509. [PMID: 35856917 PMCID: PMC9309988 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We describe here how such mechanisms shared by different genetic forms can give rise to motor performance dysfunctions with a clinical aspect of dystonia. RECENT FINDINGS The continuing discoveries of genetic causes for dystonia syndromes are transforming our view of these disorders. They share unexpectedly common underlying mechanisms, including dysregulation in neurotransmitter signaling, gene transcription, and quality control machinery. The field has further expanded to include forms recently associated with endolysosomal dysfunction. SUMMARY The discovery of biological pathways shared between different monogenic dystonias is an important conceptual advance in the understanding of the underlying mechanisms, with a significant impact on the pathophysiological understanding of clinical phenomenology. The functional relationship between dystonia genes could revolutionize current dystonia classification systems, classifying patients with different monogenic forms based on common pathways. The most promising effect of these advances is on future mechanism-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Di Fonzo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Center, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Albanese
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Hyder H. Jinnah
- Departments of Neurology, Human Genetics, and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta GA, 30322, USA
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Lange LM, Gonzalez-Latapi P, Rajalingam R, Tijssen MAJ, Ebrahimi-Fakhari D, Gabbert C, Ganos C, Ghosh R, Kumar KR, Lang AE, Rossi M, van der Veen S, van de Warrenburg B, Warner T, Lohmann K, Klein C, Marras C. Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders: Recommendations of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Task Force - An Update. Mov Disord 2022; 37:905-935. [PMID: 35481685 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2016, the Movement Disorder Society Task Force for the Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders presented a new system for naming genetically determined movement disorders and provided a criterion-based list of confirmed monogenic movement disorders. Since then, a substantial number of novel disease-causing genes have been described, which warrant classification using this system. In addition, with this update, we further refined the system and propose dissolving the imaging-based categories of Primary Familial Brain Calcification and Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation and reclassifying these genetic conditions according to their predominant phenotype. We also introduce the novel category of Mixed Movement Disorders (MxMD), which includes conditions linked to multiple equally prominent movement disorder phenotypes. In this article, we present updated lists of newly confirmed monogenic causes of movement disorders. We found a total of 89 different newly identified genes that warrant a prefix based on our criteria; 6 genes for parkinsonism, 21 for dystonia, 38 for dominant and recessive ataxia, 5 for chorea, 7 for myoclonus, 13 for spastic paraplegia, 3 for paroxysmal movement disorders, and 6 for mixed movement disorder phenotypes; 10 genes were linked to combined phenotypes and have been assigned two new prefixes. The updated lists represent a resource for clinicians and researchers alike and they have also been published on the website of the Task Force for the Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders on the homepage of the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (https://www.movementdisorders.org/MDS/About/Committees--Other-Groups/MDS-Task-Forces/Task-Force-on-Nomenclature-in-Movement-Disorders.htm). © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Lange
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rajasumi Rajalingam
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marina A J Tijssen
- UMCG Expertise Centre Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carolin Gabbert
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christos Ganos
- Department of Neurology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rhia Ghosh
- Huntington's Disease Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kishore R Kumar
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony E Lang
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Malco Rossi
- Movement Disorders Section, Neuroscience Department, Raul Carrea Institute for Neurological Research (FLENI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sterre van der Veen
- UMCG Expertise Centre Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Warrenburg
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Warner
- Department of Clinical & Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Connie Marras
- The Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and The Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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10
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Pisano S, Melis M, Figorilli M, Polizzi L, Rocchi L, Giglio S, Defazio G, Muroni A. Neurological Phenomenology of the IRF2BPL Mutation Syndrome: Analysis of a New Case and Systematic Review of the Literature. Seizure 2022; 99:12-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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11
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Marcogliese PC, Dutta D, Ray SS, Dang NDP, Zuo Z, Wang Y, Lu D, Fazal F, Ravenscroft TA, Chung H, Kanca O, Wan J, Douine ED, Network UD, Pena LDM, Yamamoto S, Nelson SF, Might M, Meyer KC, Yeo NC, Bellen HJ. Loss of IRF2BPL impairs neuronal maintenance through excess Wnt signaling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl5613. [PMID: 35044823 PMCID: PMC8769555 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl5613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
De novo truncations in Interferon Regulatory Factor 2 Binding Protein Like (IRF2BPL) lead to severe childhood-onset neurodegenerative disorders. To determine how loss of IRF2BPL causes neural dysfunction, we examined its function in Drosophila and zebrafish. Overexpression of either IRF2BPL or Pits, the Drosophila ortholog, represses Wnt transcription in flies. In contrast, neuronal depletion of Pits leads to increased wingless (wg) levels in the brain and is associated with axonal loss, whereas inhibition of Wg signaling is neuroprotective. Moreover, increased neuronal expression of wg in flies is sufficient to cause age-dependent axonal loss, similar to reduction of Pits. Loss of irf2bpl in zebrafish also causes neurological defects with an associated increase in wnt1 transcription and downstream signaling. WNT1 is also increased in patient-derived astrocytes, and pharmacological inhibition of Wnt suppresses the neurological phenotypes. Last, IRF2BPL and the Wnt antagonist, CKIα, physically and genetically interact, showing that IRF2BPL and CkIα antagonize Wnt transcription and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C. Marcogliese
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Debdeep Dutta
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shrestha Sinha Ray
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Nghi D. P. Dang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Zhongyuan Zuo
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuchun Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Di Lu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fatima Fazal
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Thomas A. Ravenscroft
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyunglok Chung
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Oguz Kanca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - JiJun Wan
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Emilie D. Douine
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Undiagnosed Diseases Network
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Loren D. M. Pena
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stanley F. Nelson
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Matthew Might
- Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kathrin C. Meyer
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nan Cher Yeo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Precision Medicine Institute, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Hugo J. Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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12
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Nuovo S, Baglioni V, De Mori R, Tardivo S, Caputi C, Ginevrino M, Micalizzi A, Masuelli L, Federici G, Casella A, Lorefice E, Anello D, Tolve M, Farini D, Bertini E, Zanni G, Travaglini L, Vasco G, Sette C, Carducci C, Valente EM, Leuzzi V. Clinical variability at the mild end of BRAT1-related spectrum: Evidence from two families with genotype-phenotype discordance. Hum Mutat 2021; 43:67-73. [PMID: 34747546 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Biallelic mutations in the BRAT1 gene, encoding BRCA1-associated ATM activator 1, result in variable phenotypes, from rigidity and multifocal seizure syndrome, lethal neonatal to neurodevelopmental disorder, and cerebellar atrophy with or without seizures, without obvious genotype-phenotype associations. We describe two families at the mildest end of the spectrum, differing in clinical presentation despite a common genotype at the BRAT1 locus. Two siblings displayed nonprogressive congenital ataxia and shrunken cerebellum on magnetic resonance imaging. A third unrelated patient showed normal neurodevelopment, adolescence-onset seizures, and ataxia, shrunken cerebellum, and ultrastructural abnormalities on skin biopsy, representing the mildest form of NEDCAS hitherto described. Exome sequencing identified the c.638dup and the novel c.1395G>A BRAT1 variants, the latter causing exon 10 skippings. The p53-MCL test revealed normal ATM kinase activity. Our findings broaden the allelic and clinical spectrum of BRAT1-related disease, which should be suspected in presence of nonprogressive cerebellar signs, even without a neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nuovo
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Valentina Baglioni
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Roberta De Mori
- Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Roma, Italy
| | - Silvia Tardivo
- Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Roma, Italy
| | - Caterina Caputi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Monia Ginevrino
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Istituto di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessia Micalizzi
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Giulia Federici
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonella Casella
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Lorefice
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Danila Anello
- Department of Medical and Surgery Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Roma, Italy
| | - Manuela Tolve
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Donatella Farini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy.,Laboratory of Neuroembryology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Roma, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | - Ginevra Zanni
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | - Lorena Travaglini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | - Gessica Vasco
- Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Department, MARlab, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Roma, Italy
| | - Claudio Sette
- Laboratory of Neuroembryology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Roma, Italy.,Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Roma, Italy
| | - Carla Carducci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Enza M Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
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13
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Monfrini E, Zech M, Steel D, Kurian MA, Winkelmann J, Di Fonzo A. HOPS-associated neurological disorders (HOPSANDs): linking endolysosomal dysfunction to the pathogenesis of dystonia. Brain 2021; 144:2610-2615. [PMID: 33871597 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The "homotypic fusion and protein sorting" (HOPS) complex is the structural bridge necessary for the fusion of late endosomes and autophagosomes with lysosomes. Recent publications linked mutations in genes encoding HOPS complex proteins with the etiopathogenesis of inherited dystonias (i.e., VPS16, VPS41, and VPS11). Functional and microstructural studies conducted on patient-derived fibroblasts carrying mutations of HOPS complex subunits displayed clear abnormalities of the lysosomal and autophagic compartments. We propose to name HOPS-associated Neurological Disorders (HOPSANDs) this group of diseases, which are mainly characterized by dystonic presentations. The delineation of HOPSANDs further confirms the connection of lysosomal and autophagic dysfunction with the pathogenesis of dystonia, prompting researchers to find innovative therapies targeting this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Monfrini
- Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael Zech
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dora Steel
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Manju A Kurian
- Developmental Neurosciences, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK.,Department of Neurology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Lehrstuhl für Neurogenetik, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Alessio Di Fonzo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
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14
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Keller Sarmiento IJ, Mencacci NE. Genetic Dystonias: Update on Classification and New Genetic Discoveries. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2021; 21:8. [PMID: 33564903 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-021-01095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Since the advent of next-generation sequencing, the number of genes associated with dystonia has been growing exponentially. We provide here a comprehensive review of the latest genetic discoveries in the field of dystonia and discuss how the growing knowledge of biology underlying monogenic dystonias may influence and challenge current classification systems. RECENT FINDINGS Pathogenic variants in genes without previously confirmed roles in human disease have been identified in subjects affected by isolated or combined dystonia (KMT2B, VPS16, HPCA, KCTD17, DNAJC12, SLC18A2) and complex dystonia (SQSTM1, IRF2BPL, YY1, VPS41). Importantly, the classical distinction between isolated and combined dystonias has become harder to sustain since many genes have been shown to determine multiple dystonic presentations (e.g., ANO3, GNAL, ADCY5, and ATP1A3). In addition, a growing number of genes initially linked to other neurological phenotypes, such as developmental delay, epilepsy, or ataxia, are now recognized to cause prominent dystonia, occasionally in an isolated fashion (e.g., GNAO1, GNB1, SCN8A, RHOBTB2, and COQ8A). Finally, emerging analyses suggest biological convergence of genes linked to different dystonic phenotypes. While our knowledge on the genetic basis of monogenic dystonias has tremendously grown, their clinical boundaries are becoming increasingly blurry. The current phenotype-based classification may not reflect the molecular structure of the disease, urging the need for new systems based on shared biological pathways among dystonia-linked genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niccolò Emanuele Mencacci
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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15
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Gonzalez-Latapi P, Marotta N, Mencacci NE. Emerging and converging molecular mechanisms in dystonia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:483-498. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02290-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Qian XH, Liu XY, Zhu ZY, Wang SG, Song XX, Chen G, Wu JY, Tang HD, Cao L. Neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a truncating de novo variant of IRF2BPL. Seizure 2020; 84:47-52. [PMID: 33278788 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the IRF2BPL gene can cause neurodevelopmental disorders. We describe the clinical and genetic characteristics of a Chinese patient with a novel abnormality in this gene, explore the potential pathogenic mechanism and summarize the clinical characteristics of 25 patients with IRF2BPL mutations. METHODS We identified the gene mutation sites by whole-exome and Sanger sequencing. The protein-protein interaction network of the IRF2BPL gene was constructed using bioinformatic techniques, and its function was enriched. We conducted a functional experiment to explore the potential pathogenicity of the identified IRF2BPL gene mutation. RESULTS An 8-year-old girl presented with progressive cerebellar ataxia, including involuntary tremor and slurred speech. Electroencephalography and electromyography revealed no abnormalities. Structural cranial MRI was also normal, but genetic analysis identified a truncating de novo variant in IRF2BPL. Bioinformatics predicted that IRF2BPL would be associated with IRF2 and 10 other genes and involved in ubiquitin binding and other pathways. The cellular location of IRF2BPL was altered, and compared to control cells, the level of ubiquitinated proteins was significantly decreased in cells harbouring the mutation. CONCLUSION In this study, we identified a truncating de novo variant of IRF2BPL as a causative gene in the neurodevelopmental disorder of a Chinese girl. Impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway caused by this IRF2BPL mutation may play an important role in this neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hang Qian
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xiao-Ying Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Ze-Yu Zhu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Shi-Ge Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xiao-Xuan Song
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Jing-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Hui-Dong Tang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China; Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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17
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Kafantari E, Andréasson S, Säll T, Puschmann A. Do variants in IRF2BPL cause both neurological disorders and keratoconus 8? Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 79:138-140. [PMID: 33069610 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Kafantari
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sten Andréasson
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Ophthalmology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Säll
- Lund University, Department of Biology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Puschmann
- Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Lund, Sweden.
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