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Kang L, Li C, Qin A, Liu Z, Li X, Zeng L, Yu H, Wang Y, Song J, Chen R. Identification and Expression Analysis of the Nucleotidyl Transferase Protein (NTP) Family in Soybean ( Glycine max) under Various Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1115. [PMID: 38256188 PMCID: PMC10816777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Nucleotidyl transferases (NTPs) are common transferases in eukaryotes and play a crucial role in nucleotide modifications at the 3' end of RNA. In plants, NTPs can regulate RNA stability by influencing 3' end modifications, which in turn affect plant growth, development, stress responses, and disease resistance. Although the functions of NTP family members have been extensively studied in Arabidopsis, rice, and maize, there is limited knowledge about NTP genes in soybeans. In this study, we identified 16 members of the NTP family in soybeans, including two subfamilies (G1 and G2) with distinct secondary structures, conserved motifs, and domain distributions at the protein level. Evolutionary analysis of genes in the NTP family across multiple species and gene collinearity analysis revealed a relatively conserved evolutionary pattern. Analysis of the tertiary structure of the proteins showed that NTPs have three conserved aspartic acids that bind together to form a possible active site. Tissue-specific expression analysis indicated that some NTP genes exhibit tissue-specific expression, likely due to their specific functions. Stress expression analysis showed significant differences in the expression levels of NTP genes under high salt, drought, and cold stress. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis of soybean plants subjected to salt and drought stress further confirmed the association of soybean NTP genes with abiotic stress responses. Subcellular localization experiments revealed that GmNTP2 and GmNTP14, which likely have similar functions to HESO1 and URT1, are located in the nucleus. These research findings provide a foundation for further investigations into the functions of NTP family genes in soybeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Kang
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.K.); (C.L.); (A.Q.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.); (Y.W.)
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Changgen Li
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.K.); (C.L.); (A.Q.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Aokang Qin
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.K.); (C.L.); (A.Q.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zehui Liu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.K.); (C.L.); (A.Q.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xuanyue Li
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.K.); (C.L.); (A.Q.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Liming Zeng
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.K.); (C.L.); (A.Q.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hongyang Yu
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.K.); (C.L.); (A.Q.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yihua Wang
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.K.); (C.L.); (A.Q.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jianbo Song
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.K.); (C.L.); (A.Q.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Rongrong Chen
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (L.K.); (C.L.); (A.Q.); (Z.L.); (X.L.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.); (Y.W.)
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Azevedo V, Daddiego L, Cardone MF, Perrella G, Sousa L, Santos RB, Malhó R, Bergamini C, Marsico AD, Figueiredo A, Alagna F. Transcriptomic and methylation analysis of susceptible and tolerant grapevine genotypes following Plasmopara viticola infection. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13771. [PMID: 36053855 PMCID: PMC9826190 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Downy mildew, caused by the biotrophic oomycete Plasmopara viticola, is one of the most economically significant grapevine diseases worldwide. Current strategies to cope with this threat rely on the massive use of chemical compounds during each cultivation season. The economic costs and negative environmental impact associated with these applications increased the urge to search for sustainable strategies of disease control. Improved knowledge of plant mechanisms to counteract pathogen infection may allow the development of alternative strategies for plant protection. Epigenetic regulation, in particular DNA methylation, is emerging as a key factor in the context of plant-pathogen interactions associated with the expression modulation of defence genes. To improve our understanding of the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underpinning grapevine response to P. viticola, we studied the modulation of both 5-mC methylation and gene expression at 6 and 24 h post-infection (hpi). Leaves of two table grape genotypes (Vitis vinifera), selected by breeding activities for their contrasting level of susceptibility to the pathogen, were analysed. Following pathogen infection, we found variations in the 5-mC methylation level and the gene expression profile. The results indicate a genotype-specific response to pathogen infection. The tolerant genotype (N23/018) at 6 hpi exhibits a lower methylation level compared to the susceptible one (N20/020), and it shows an early modulation (at 6 hpi) of defence and epigenetic-related genes during P. viticola infection. These data suggest that the timing of response is an important mechanism to efficiently counteract the pathogen attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Azevedo
- Faculdade de Ciências, Plant Biology Department, Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI)Universidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Loretta Daddiego
- Energy Technologies and Renewable Sources DepartmentNational Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Trisaia Research CentreRotondellaMateraItaly
| | - Maria Francesca Cardone
- Research Centre for Viticulture and EnologyCouncil for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA)TuriBariItaly
| | | | - Lisete Sousa
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculdade de Ciências; Centre of Statistics and its Applications (CEAUL)Universidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Rita B. Santos
- Faculdade de Ciências, Plant Biology Department, Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI)Universidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Rui Malhó
- Faculdade de Ciências, Plant Biology Department, Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI)Universidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Carlo Bergamini
- Research Centre for Viticulture and EnologyCouncil for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA)TuriBariItaly
| | - Antonio Domenico Marsico
- Research Centre for Viticulture and EnologyCouncil for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA)TuriBariItaly
| | - Andreia Figueiredo
- Faculdade de Ciências, Plant Biology Department, Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI)Universidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal
| | - Fiammetta Alagna
- Energy Technologies and Renewable Sources DepartmentNational Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Trisaia Research CentreRotondellaMateraItaly
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Qiu J, Ni L, Xia X, Chen S, Zhang Y, Lang M, Li M, Liu B, Pan Y, Li J, Zhang X. Genome-Wide Analysis of the Protein Phosphatase 2C Genes in Tomato. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040604. [PMID: 35456410 PMCID: PMC9032827 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) plays an irreplaceable role in phytohormone signaling, developmental processes, and manifold stresses. However, information about the PP2C gene family in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is relatively restricted. In this study, a genome-wide investigation of the SlPP2C gene family was performed. A total of 92 SlPP2C genes were identified, they were distributed on 11 chromosomes, and all the SlPP2C proteins have the type 2C phosphatase domains. Based on phylogenetic analysis of PP2C genes in Arabidopsis, rice, and tomato, SlPP2C genes were divided into eight groups, designated A–H, which is also supported by the analyses of gene structures and protein motifs. Gene duplication analysis revealed that the duplication of whole genome and chromosome segments was the main cause of SLPP2Cs expansion. A total of 26 cis-elements related to stress, hormones, and development were identified in the 3 kb upstream region of these SlPP2C genes. Expression profile analysis revealed that the SlPP2C genes display diverse expression patterns in various tomato tissues. Furthermore, we investigated the expression patterns of SlPP2C genes in response to Ralstonia solanacearum infection. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR data reveal that nine SlPP2Cs are correlated with R. solanacearum. The above evidence hinted that SlPP2C genes play multiple roles in tomato and may contribute to tomato resistance to bacterial wilt. This study obtained here will give an impetus to the understanding of the potential function of SlPP2Cs and lay a solid foundation for tomato breeding and transgenic resistance to plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lei Ni
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xue Xia
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shihao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Min Lang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
| | - Mengyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Binman Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xingguo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, The Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; (J.Q.); (L.N.); (X.X.); (S.C.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (M.L.); (B.L.); (Y.P.); (J.L.)
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-23-68250974; Fax: +86-23-68251274
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Rebolledo-Prudencio OG, Estrada-Rivera M, Dautt-Castro M, Arteaga-Vazquez MA, Arenas-Huertero C, Rosendo-Vargas MM, Jin H, Casas-Flores S. The small RNA-mediated gene silencing machinery is required in Arabidopsis for stimulation of growth, systemic disease resistance, and suppression of the nitrile-specifier gene NSP4 by Trichoderma atroviride. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:873-890. [PMID: 34807478 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma atroviride is a root-colonizing fungus that confers multiple benefits to plants. In plants, small RNA (sRNA)-mediated gene silencing (sRNA-MGS) plays pivotal roles in growth, development, and pathogen attack. Here, we explored the role of core components of Arabidopsis thaliana sRNA-MGS pathways during its interaction with Trichoderma. Upon interaction with Trichoderma, sRNA-MGS-related genes paralleled the expression of Arabidopsis defense-related genes, linked to salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) pathways. SA- and JA-related genes were primed by Trichoderma in leaves after the application of the well-known pathogen-associated molecular patterns flg22 and chitin, respectively. Defense-related genes were primed in roots as well, but to different extents and behaviors. Phenotypical characterization of mutants in AGO genes and components of the RNA-dependent DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway revealed that different sets of sRNA-MGS-related genes are essential for (i) the induction of systemic acquired resistance against Botrytis cinerea, (ii) the activation of the expression of plant defense-related genes, and (iii) root colonization by Trichoderma. Additionally, plant growth induced by Trichoderma depends on functional RdDM. Profiling of DNA methylation and histone N-tail modification patterns at the Arabidopsis Nitrile-Specifier Protein-4 (NSP4) locus, which is responsive to Trichoderma, showed altered epigenetic modifications in RdDM mutants. Furthermore, NSP4 is required for the induction of systemic acquired resistance against Botrytis and avoidance of enhanced root colonization by Trichoderma. Together, our results indicate that RdDM is essential in Arabidopsis to establish a beneficial relationship with Trichoderma. We propose that DNA methylation and histone modifications are required for plant priming by the beneficial fungus against B. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Guillermo Rebolledo-Prudencio
- División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, Camino a la presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., C.P. 78216, Mexico
| | - Magnolia Estrada-Rivera
- División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, Camino a la presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., C.P. 78216, Mexico
| | - Mitzuko Dautt-Castro
- División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, Camino a la presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., C.P. 78216, Mexico
| | - Mario A Arteaga-Vazquez
- Universidad Veracruzana, INBIOTECA-Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas No. 101, Colonia Emiliano Zapata, Xalapa, Veracruz, C.P. 91090, Mexico
| | - Catalina Arenas-Huertero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Chapultepec #1570, Priv del Pedregal., San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., C.P. 78295, Mexico
| | - Maria Montserrat Rosendo-Vargas
- División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, Camino a la presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., C.P. 78216, Mexico
| | - Hailing Jin
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Sergio Casas-Flores
- División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, Camino a la presa San José No. 2055, Colonia Lomas 4ª Sección, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., C.P. 78216, Mexico
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Jiang H, Li K, Gai J. Optimizing RNAi-Target by Nicotiana benthamiana-Soybean Mosaic Virus System Drives Broad Resistance to Soybean Mosaic Virus in Soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:739971. [PMID: 34880883 PMCID: PMC8645994 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.739971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is a prevalent pathogen of soybean (Glycine max). Pyramiding multiple SMV-resistance genes into one individual is tedious and difficult, and even if successful, the obtained multiple resistance might be broken by pathogen mutation, while targeting viral genome via host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) has potential to explore broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) to SMV. We identified five conserved target fragments (CTFs) from S1 to S5 using multiple sequence alignment of 30 SMV genome sequences and assembled the corresponding target-inverted-repeat constructs (TIRs) from S1-TIR to S5-TIR. Since the inefficiency of soybean genetic transformation hinders the function verification of batch TIRs in SMV-resistance, the Nicotiana benthamiana-chimeric-SMV and N. benthamiana-pSMV-GUS pathosystems combined with Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression assays were invented and used to test the efficacy of these TIRs. From that, S1-TIR assembled from 462 bp CTF-S1 with 92% conservation rate performed its best on inhibiting SMV multiplication. Accordingly, S1-TIR was transformed into SMV-susceptible soybean NN1138-2, the resistant-healthy transgenic T1-plants were then picked out via detached-leaf inoculation assay with the stock-plants continued for progeny reproduction (T1 dual-utilization). All the four T3 transgenic progenies showed immunity to all the inoculated 11 SMV strains under individual or mixed inoculation, achieving a strong BSR. Thus, optimizing target for HIGS via transient N. benthamiana-chimeric-SMV and N. benthamiana-pSMV-GUS assays is crucial to drive robust resistance to SMV in soybean and the transgenic S1-TIR-lines will be a potential breeding source for SMV control in field.
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Mehta S, Chakraborty A, Roy A, Singh IK, Singh A. Fight Hard or Die Trying: Current Status of Lipid Signaling during Plant-Pathogen Interaction. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1098. [PMID: 34070722 PMCID: PMC8228701 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Plant diseases pose a substantial threat to food availability, accessibility, and security as they account for economic losses of nearly $300 billion on a global scale. Although various strategies exist to reduce the impact of diseases, they can introduce harmful chemicals to the food chain and have an impact on the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to understand and exploit the plants' immune systems to control the spread of pathogens and enable sustainable agriculture. Recently, growing pieces of evidence suggest a functional myriad of lipids to be involved in providing structural integrity, intracellular and extracellular signal transduction mediators to substantial cross-kingdom cell signaling at the host-pathogen interface. Furthermore, some pathogens recognize or exchange plant lipid-derived signals to identify an appropriate host or development, whereas others activate defense-related gene expression. Typically, the membrane serves as a reservoir of lipids. The set of lipids involved in plant-pathogen interaction includes fatty acids, oxylipins, phospholipids, glycolipids, glycerolipids, sphingolipids, and sterols. Overall, lipid signals influence plant-pathogen interactions at various levels ranging from the communication of virulence factors to the activation and implementation of host plant immune defenses. The current review aims to summarize the progress made in recent years regarding the involvement of lipids in plant-pathogen interaction and their crucial role in signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Mehta
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India;
| | - Amrita Chakraborty
- EVA4.0 Unit, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 21 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (A.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Amit Roy
- EVA4.0 Unit, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 21 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (A.C.); (A.R.)
- Excelentní Tým pro Mitigaci (ETM), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 21 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Indrakant K. Singh
- Molecular Biology Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019, India
| | - Archana Singh
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
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Widyaningrum S, Pujiasih DR, Sholeha W, Harmoko R, Sugiharto B. Induction of resistance to sugarcane mosaic virus by RNA interference targeting coat protein gene silencing in transgenic sugarcane. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3047-3054. [PMID: 33837900 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06325-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is a serious disease of monocotyledonous plants, including sugarcane, causing deterioration in both growth and productivity. RNA interference (RNAi) inhibits gene expression through RNA-mediated sequence-specific interactions and is considered an effective approach to control viral infection in plants. In this study, the SCMVCp gene encoding the coat protein (CP) was inserted into the pGreen-0179 plasmid in both sense and antisense orientations. Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) and Zea mays ubiquitin (Ubi) promoters were selected to drive the transcription of the intron-hairpin constructs, called HpSCMVCp-CaMV and HpSCMVCp-Ubi, respectively. Transgenic sugarcane expressing these constructs was generated through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. This transformation method produced a high percentage of transgenic plants for both HpSCMVCp-CaMV and HpSCMVCp-Ubi, as confirmed by PCR analysis. Southern blotting revealed a single stable insertion of the DNA target in the genome of transgenic sugarcane lines. After artificial virus infection, lines that developed mosaic symptoms were classified as susceptible, whereas those that remained green without symptoms were classified as resistant at 42 days post-inoculation. Immunoblotting revealed CP expression at 37 kDa in susceptible and non-transgenic sugarcane, but not in resistant lines. RT-PCR analysis confirmed viral Cp and Nib gene expression in susceptible lines and their absence in resistant lines. Interestingly, upon comparison of effectivity, CaMV and Ubi promoter-driven gene expression resulted in 57.69% and 82.35% resistant sugarcane lines, respectively. Thus, we concluded that RNAi is effective for inducing resistance against SCMV and that the Ubi promoter is an effective promoter for producing transgenic sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvia Widyaningrum
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology (CDAST), Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Ratna Pujiasih
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology (CDAST), Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia
| | - Wardatus Sholeha
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology (CDAST), Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia
| | - Rikno Harmoko
- Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor, Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Sugiharto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center for Development of Advanced Science and Technology (CDAST), Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia. .,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia. .,Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Jember University, Jln. Kalimantan 37, Jember, 68121, Indonesia.
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Chaudhary T, Gera R, Shukla P. Emerging Molecular Tools for Engineering Phytomicrobiome. Indian J Microbiol 2021; 61:116-124. [PMID: 33927453 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-020-00915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial plant interaction plays a major role in the sustainability of plants. The understanding of phytomicrobiome interactions enables the gene-editing tools for the construction of the microbial consortia. In this interaction, microbes share several common secondary metabolites and terpenoid metabolic pathways with their host plants that ensure a direct connection between the microbiome and associated plant metabolome. In this way, the CRISPR-mediated gene-editing tool provides an attractive approach to accomplish the creation of microbial consortia. On the other hand, the genetic manipulation of the host plant with the help of CRISPR-Cas9 can facilitate the characterization and identification of the genetic determinants. It leads to the enhancement of microbial capacity for more trait improvement. Many plant characteristics like phytovolatilization, phytoextraction, phytodesalination and phytodegradation are targeted by these approaches. Alternatively, chemical communications by PGPB are accomplished by the exchange of different signal molecules. For example, quorum-sensing is the way of the cell to cell communication in bacteria that lead to the detection of metabolites produced by pathogens during adverse conditions and also helpful in devising some tactics towards understanding plant immunity. Along with quorum-sensing, different volatile organic compounds and N-acyl homoserine lactones play a significant role in cell to cell communication by microbe to plant and among the plants respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to get details of all the significant approaches that are useful in exploring cell to cell communications. In this review, we have described gene-editing tools and the cell to cell communication process by quorum-sensing based signaling. These signaling processes via CRISPR- Cas9 mediated gene editing can improve the microbe-plant community in adverse climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Twinkle Chaudhary
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001 India
| | - Rajesh Gera
- Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004 India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001 India.,Present Address: School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
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