Correlations between vitronectin, miR-520, and miR-34 in patients with stenosis of coronary arteries

miR-136-5p: A key player in human cancers with diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications

MiRNAs have emerged as crucial modulators of the expression of their target genes, attracting significant attention due to their engagement in various cellular processes, like cancer onset and development. Amidst the extensive repertoire of miRNAs implicated in cancer, miR-136-5p has emerged as an emerging miRNA with diverse roles. Dysregulation of miR-136-5p has been proved in human cancers. Accumulating evidence suggests that miR-136-5p mainly functions as a tumor suppressor. These data proposed that miR-136-5p is engaged in the regulation of various cellular processes, like cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and apoptosis. In addition, miR-136-5p has demonstrated substantial potential as a prognostic and diagnostic marker in human cancers as well as an effective mediator in cancer chemotherapy. Furthermore, miR-136-5p was shown to be correlated with clinicopathological features of affected patients, proposing that it could be used for cancer staging and patient survival. Therefore, a comprehensive comprehension of the precise molecular basis governing miR-136-5p dysregulation in different cancers is vital for unraveling its therapeutic importance. Here, we have discussed the molecular basis of miR-136-5p as a potential tumor suppressor as well as its importance in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and chemotherapy. Finally, we have discussed the challenge of using miRNAs as a therapeutic target as well as the prospect regarding the importance of miR-136-5p in human cancers.

Cellular crosstalk in atherosclerotic plaque microenvironment

Atherosclerosis is an underlying pathology of many vascular diseases as a result of cellular, structural and molecular dysfunctions within the sub-endothelial space. This review deals with the events involved in the formation, growth and remodeling of plaque, including the cell recruitment, cell polarization, and cell fat droplets. It also describes cross talking between endothelial cells, macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells, as well as the cellular pathways involved in plaque development in the plaque microenvironment. Finally, it describes the plaque structural components and the role of factors involved in the rupture and erosion of plaques in the vessel. Video Abstract.

The association of plasma levels of miR-146a, miR-27a, miR-34a, and miR-149 with coronary artery disease

BACKGROUND

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is considered to be one of the most pivotal causes of death in the world. Over the past two decades, significant changes occurred in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CAD, which has helped reduce mortality rates. microRNAs (miRs) are a class of more than 5000 non-encoding RNA molecules (21-25 nucleotides across the length) that regulate complex biological processes. Today, miRNAs are used to study cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, the expression of miR-146a،miR-27, miR-149, and miR-34a in plasma suffering from CAD and the control group were investigated.

METHODS AND RESULTS

The present research was performed on 30 men with CAD and 30 healthy men as controls. The expression levels of miR-146a, miR-27a, miR-149, and miR-34a in the plasma of patients with CAD and the control group were measured using real-time PCR. Also, the correlation between the expression of circulating miRs levels and biochemical LDL-C, HDL-C, BMI, and total cholesterol was evaluated. The expression of miR-27a in the plasma of the CAD group was higher than in the control group (p = 0.020). The expression of miR-146a was downregulated in CAD patients compared to normal subjects (p = 0. 026). However, the expression of miR-34a, miR-149 in the plasma of CAD patients was not significantly different with the control group. In addition to, a direct correlation was found between the expression of miR-146a and HDL-c, the expression of miR-27a and LDL-C and the expression of miR-34a and total cholesterol. Also, the negative correlation between expressions of miR-149 with BMI was reported.

CONCLUSION

The obtained results demonstrated that miRs were closely related to biochemical factors and it points out the fact that miRNAs can be applied as a potential strategy for diagnosis and treatment of CAD.

miR-27a inhibits molecular adhesion between monocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells; systemic approach

OBJECTIVE

The endothelial cells overexpress the adhesion molecules in the leukocyte diapedesis pathway, developing vessel subendothelial molecular events. In this study, miR-194 and miR-27a were predicted and investigated on the expression of adhesion molecules in HUVEC cells. The SELE, SELP, and JAM-B adhesion molecules involved in the leukocyte tethering were predicted on the GO-enriched gene network. Following transfection of PEI-miRNA particles into HUVEC cells, the SELE, SELP, and JAM-B gene expression levels were evaluated by real-time qPCR. Furthermore, the monocyte-endothelial adhesion was performed using adhesion assay kit.

RESULTS

In agreement with the prediction results, the cellular data showed that miR-27a and miR-194 decrease significantly the SELP and JAM-B expression levels in HUVECs (P < 0.05). Moreover, both the miRNAs suppressed the monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Since the miR-27a inhibited significantly the monocyte-endothelial adhesion (P = 0.0001) through the suppression of SELP and JAM-B thus it might relate to the leukocyte diapedesis pathway.