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Sokolova GD, Budynkov NI, Tselipanova EE, Glinushkin AP. Species Diversity in the Fusarium solani (Neocosmospora) Complex and Their Pathogenicity for Plants and Humans. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2022; 507:416-427. [PMID: 36781537 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496622060217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The Fusarium solani species complex is a large group of soil saprotrophs with a broad adaptive potential, which allows the fungi to exist under various conditions and to parasitize on different hosts. The review analyzes the modern data concerning the genetic peculiarities of species from this complex by the example of F. solani f. sp. pisi and generalizes the data on the most widespread species pathogenic for both plants and humans. The enhanced resistance of the F. solani species complex to the most of modern antifungal agents and the need for novel therapeutic agents against fusariosis has been considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Sokolova
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshiye Vyazemy, Russia.
| | - N I Budynkov
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshiye Vyazemy, Russia
| | - E E Tselipanova
- Moscow Regional Vladimirsky Research Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A P Glinushkin
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshiye Vyazemy, Russia
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2
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Shariati A, Moradabadi A, Chegini Z, Khoshbayan A, Didehdar M. An Overview of the Management of the Most Important Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients with Blood Malignancies. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:2329-2354. [PMID: 32765009 PMCID: PMC7369308 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s254478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with hematologic malignancies due to immune system disorders, especially persistent febrile neutropenia, invasive fungal infections (IFI) occur with high mortality. Aspergillosis, candidiasis, fusariosis, mucormycosis, cryptococcosis and trichosporonosis are the most important infections reported in patients with hematologic malignancies that undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. These infections are caused by opportunistic fungal pathogens that do not cause severe issues in healthy individuals, but in patients with hematologic malignancies lead to disseminated infection with different clinical manifestations. Prophylaxis and creating a safe environment with proper filters and air pressure for patients to avoid contact with the pathogens in the surrounding environment can prevent IFI. Furthermore, due to the absence of specific symptoms in IFI, rapid and accurate diagnosis reduces the mortality rate of these infections and using molecular techniques along with standard mycological methods will improve the diagnosis of disseminated fungal infection in patients with hematologic disorders. Amphotericin B products, extended-spectrum azoles, and echinocandins are the essential drugs to control invasive fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies, and according to various conditions of patients, different results of treatment with these drugs have been reported in different studies. On the other hand, drug resistance in recent years has led to therapeutic failures and deaths in patients with blood malignancies, which indicates the need for antifungal susceptibility tests to use appropriate therapies. Life-threatening fungal infections have become more prevalent in patients with hematologic malignancies in recent years due to the emergence of new risk factors, new species, and increased drug resistance. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the different dimensions of the most critical invasive fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies and present a list of these infections with different clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moradabadi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Khoshbayan
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Didehdar
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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3
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Baron HR, Stevenson BC, Phalen DN. Inconsistent efficacy of water-soluble amphotericin B for the treatment of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster in a budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus) aviary. Aust Vet J 2020; 98:333-337. [PMID: 32115681 DOI: 10.1111/avj.12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of a commercially available in-water amphotericin B treatment for Macrorhabdus ornithogaster. DESIGN Clinical treatment trial. METHODS Faecal shedding of 16 naturally infected budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) was monitored while they were being treated using in-water amphotericin B, as per the manufacturer's instructions, for 10 days. Any birds that remained positive after 10 days received a further 10 day course of treatment. All birds were rechecked 16 days after the end of the second treatment period. RESULTS At the conclusion of treatment, 11 birds had stopped shedding M. ornithogaster, and 5 birds were still shedding. Sixteen days after the conclusion of the second treatment period, four birds that were negative after 10 days of treatment were shedding again, and two of the birds that were treated for 20 days were shedding. In addition, one bird from each treatment group died after treatment and before follow-up testing. CONCLUSION These findings represent a 36% treatment failure, suggesting that treatment with the commercially available, water-soluble amphotericin B has inconsistent efficacy against M. ornithogaster in some budgerigars in Australia and is not effective for eliminating it from budgerigar aviaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Baron
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The Unusual Pet Vets, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - B C Stevenson
- Statistics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - D N Phalen
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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4
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Abstract
Fusarium is an emerging human opportunistic pathogen of growing importance, especially among immunosuppressed haematology patients due to an increased incidence of disseminated infections over the past two decades. This trend is expected only to continue due to the advances in medical and surgical technologies that will prolong the lives of the severely ill, making these patients susceptible to rare opportunistic infections. Production of mycotoxins, enzymes such as proteases, angio-invasive property and an intrinsically resistant nature, makes this genus very difficult to treat. Fusarium is frequently isolated from the cornea and less commonly from nail, skin, blood, tissue, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) fluid, urine and pleural fluid. Conventional microscopy establishes the genus, but accurate speciation requires multilocus sequence typing with housekeeping genes such as internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor-1α and RPB1 and 2 (largest and second largest subunits of RNA polymerase), for which expansive internet databases exist. Identifying pathogenic species is of epidemiological significance, and the treatment includes immune reconstitution by granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and a combination of the most active species - specific antifungals, typically liposomal amphotericin-B and voriconazole. However, patient outcome is difficult to predict even with in vitro susceptibility with these drugs. Therefore, prevention methods and antifungal prophylaxis have to be taken seriously for these vulnerable patients by vigilant healthcare workers. The current available literature on PubMed and Google Scholar using search terms 'Fusarium', 'opportunistic invasive fungi' and 'invasive fusariosis' was summarised for this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Tupaki-Sreepurna
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anupma Jyoti Kindo
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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5
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Kumari I, Singh SK, Chauhan RK, Kaushal SK. Disseminated cutaneous fusariosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient and dramatic response with oral itraconazole. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2018; 84:362-368. [PMID: 29327700 DOI: 10.4103/ijdvl.ijdvl_360_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium species are known to cause disseminated cutaneous lesions in immunocompromised patients. Some cases of fusariosis are reported in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. There are two reports in such patients with systemic comorbidities like lymphoma, neutropenia and infective port-a-catheter. Another reported patient had systemic fusariosis, without skin involvement. Diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous fusariosis is difficult and resistance to antifungals is a problem. Our patient was at an advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection stage with disseminated cutaneous fusariosis, without any systemic involvement, who responded completely to oral itraconazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Kumari
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satyendra Kumar Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishabh Kumar Chauhan
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satyendra Kumar Kaushal
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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6
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Design, development and evaluation of mannosylated oral Amphotericin B nanoparticles for anti-leishmanial therapy: Oral kinetics and macrophage uptake studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Mwenechanya R, Kovářová J, Dickens NJ, Mudaliar M, Herzyk P, Vincent IM, Weidt SK, Burgess KE, Burchmore RJS, Pountain AW, Smith TK, Creek DJ, Kim DH, Lepesheva GI, Barrett MP. Sterol 14α-demethylase mutation leads to amphotericin B resistance in Leishmania mexicana. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017. [PMID: 28622334 PMCID: PMC5498063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphotericin B has emerged as the therapy of choice for use against the leishmaniases. Administration of the drug in its liposomal formulation as a single injection is being promoted in a campaign to bring the leishmaniases under control. Understanding the risks and mechanisms of resistance is therefore of great importance. Here we select amphotericin B-resistant Leishmania mexicana parasites with relative ease. Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that ergosterol, the sterol known to bind the drug, is prevalent in wild-type cells, but diminished in the resistant line, where alternative sterols become prevalent. This indicates that the resistance phenotype is related to loss of drug binding. Comparing sequences of the parasites' genomes revealed a plethora of single nucleotide polymorphisms that distinguish wild-type and resistant cells, but only one of these was found to be homozygous and associated with a gene encoding an enzyme in the sterol biosynthetic pathway, sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51). The mutation, N176I, is found outside of the enzyme's active site, consistent with the fact that the resistant line continues to produce the enzyme's product. Expression of wild-type sterol 14α-demethylase in the resistant cells caused reversion to drug sensitivity and a restoration of ergosterol synthesis, showing that the mutation is indeed responsible for resistance. The amphotericin B resistant parasites become hypersensitive to pentamidine and also agents that induce oxidative stress. This work reveals the power of combining polyomics approaches, to discover the mechanism underlying drug resistance as well as offering novel insights into the selection of resistance to amphotericin B itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Mwenechanya
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Kovářová
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Dickens
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Manikhandan Mudaliar
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Pawel Herzyk
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel M. Vincent
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan K. Weidt
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Karl E. Burgess
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. S. Burchmore
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew W. Pountain
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Terry K. Smith
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, United Kingdom
| | - Darren J. Creek
- Drug Delivery, Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Galina I. Lepesheva
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Michael P. Barrett
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Bearsden, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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8
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Reduced Multidrug Susceptibility Profile Is a Common Feature of Opportunistic Fusarium Species: Fusarium Multi-Drug Resistant Pattern. J Fungi (Basel) 2017; 3:jof3020018. [PMID: 29371536 PMCID: PMC5715927 DOI: 10.3390/jof3020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The resistance among various opportunistic Fusarium species to different antifungal agents has emerged as a cause of public health problems worldwide. Considering the significance of multi-drug resistant (MDR), this paper emphasizes the problems associated with MDR and the need to understand its clinical significance to combat microbial infections. The search platform PubMed/MEDLINE and a review of 32 cases revealed a common multidrug-resistant profile exists, and clinically relevant members of Fusarium are intrinsically resistant to most currently used antifungals. Dissemination occurs in patients with prolonged neutropenia, immune deficiency, and especially hematological malignancies. Amphotericin B displayed the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrarions (MICs) followed by voriconazole, and posaconazole. Itraconazole and fluconazole showed high MIC values, displaying in vitro resistance. Echinocandins showed the highest MIC values. Seven out of ten (70%) patients with neutropenia died, including those with fungemia that progressed to skin lesions. Clinical Fusarium isolates displayed a common MDR profile and high MIC values for the most available antifungal agents with species- and strain-specific differences in antifungal susceptibility. Species identification of Fusarium infections is important. While the use of natamycin resulted in a favorable outcome in keratitis, AmB and VRC are the most used agents for the treatment of fusariosis in clinical settings.
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9
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Taj-Aldeen SJ, Salah H, Al-Hatmi AMS, Hamed M, Theelen B, van Diepeningen AD, Boekhout T, Lass-Flörl C. In vitro resistance of clinical Fusarium species to amphotericin B and voriconazole using the EUCAST antifungal susceptibility method. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 85:438-43. [PMID: 27312690 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Susceptibility testing using the EUCAST-AFST method against 39 clinical Fusarium strains consecutively collected from local and invasive infections during the last 10years assessed the in vitro activities of amphotericin B (AmB) and triazole antifungal agents. In addition, the susceptibility pattern of 12 reference strains from the CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre (CBS) was evaluated. In particular Fusarium petroliphilum and F. solani sensu lato were involved in disseminated infections and known for treatment failure. AmB displayed the lowest MICs followed by voriconazole VRC, posaconazole (POC). Itraconazole (ITC) showed high MIC values, displaying in vitro resistance. Clinical isolates were significantly (P <0.05) more resistant to AmB, VRC, and POC, than the CBS reference isolates probably due to previous exposure to antifungal therapy. Resistant profiles to AmB and VRC, which are the currently recommended agents in the guidelines for treatments, and a late diagnosis may be associated with high mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. The present antifungal susceptibility profiles showed that species- and strain-specific differences in antifungal susceptibility exist within Fusarium and that susceptibility testing is important and may improve the prognosis of these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad J Taj-Aldeen
- Microbiology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, P. O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar; Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Husam Salah
- Microbiology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, P. O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar; CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Ibri Hospital, Ibri, Oman
| | - Manal Hamed
- Microbiology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, P. O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
| | - Bart Theelen
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Teun Boekhout
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Institute of Dermatology and Medical Mycology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China; Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cornelia Lass-Flörl
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
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10
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Delia M, Monno R, Giannelli G, Ianora AAS, Dalfino L, Pastore D, Capolongo C, Calia C, Tortorano A, Specchia G. Fusariosis in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Mycopathologia 2016; 181:457-63. [PMID: 27008433 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-016-9987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium spp. causes infections mostly in patients with prolonged neutropenia. We describe the case of a disseminated Fusarium solani infection in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia which never reached complete remission during its clinical course. The patient had profound neutropenia and developed skin nodules and pneumonia in spite of posaconazole prophylaxis. F. solani was isolated from blood and skin biopsy, being identified from its morphology and by molecular methods. By broth dilution method, the strain was resistant to azoles, including voriconazole and posaconazole, and to echinocandins. MIC to amphotericin B was 4 mg/L. The patient initially seemed to benefit from therapy with voriconazole and amphotericin B, but, neutropenia perduring, his clinical condition deteriorated with fatal outcome. All efforts should be made to determine the correct diagnosis as soon as possible in a neutropenic patient and to treat this infection in a timely way, assuming pathogen susceptibility while tests of antimicrobial susceptibility are pending. A review of the most recent literature on invasive fungal infections is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Delia
- Department of DETO, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Monno
- Department SMBNOS, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carla Calia
- Department SMBNOS, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria Tortorano
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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11
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Dabas Y, Bakhshi S, Xess I. Fatal Cases of Bloodstream Infection by Fusarium solani and Review of Published Literature. Mycopathologia 2015; 181:291-6. [PMID: 26541869 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-015-9960-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium species are ubiquitously present in environment and are well known as human pathogens with high mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. We report here two cases where immunocompromised patients developed fatal bloodstream infections by this organism. Isolates were further identified by ITS1 region sequencing which confirmed them as Fusarium solani. Antifungal susceptibility testing was done following CLSI M38-A2 guidelines to amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, caspofungin, and micafungin. Both patients had a fatal outcome and expired of septic shock. Therefore, identification up to species level is of utmost importance as that helps in directing the management of the patient thereby leading to a favourable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubhisha Dabas
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Sameer Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Oncology, BRA-IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Immaculata Xess
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
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12
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Ricna D, Lengerova M, Palackova M, Hadrabova M, Kocmanova I, Weinbergerova B, Pavlovsky Z, Volfova P, Bouchnerova J, Mayer J, Racil Z. Disseminated fusariosis by Fusarium proliferatum in a patient with aplastic anaemia receiving primary posaconazole prophylaxis - case report and review of the literature. Mycoses 2015; 59:48-55. [PMID: 26661324 DOI: 10.1111/myc.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Disseminated fusariosis is a life-threatening, invasive, opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients, especially those with haematological malignancies. The prognosis is poor because these fungi are resistant to many of the available antifungal agents. We present a case of disseminated fusariosis caused by Fusarium proliferatum in a patient with severe aplastic anaemia complicated by a secondary infection of Aspergillus flavus, with a fatal outcome. We also review the documented Fusarium infections in immunocompromised hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dita Ricna
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Lengerova
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Palackova
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Hadrabova
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Kocmanova
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Weinbergerova
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Pavlovsky
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Volfova
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Bouchnerova
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Racil
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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13
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Araujo R, Oliveira M, Amorim A, Sampaio-Maia B. Unpredictable susceptibility of emerging clinical moulds to tri-azoles: review of the literature and upcoming challenges for mould identification. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:1289-301. [PMID: 25894985 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tri-azoles represent the front-line drugs for the treatment of mould diseases; nevertheless, some emerging moulds, such as Fusarium spp., Scedosporium spp., Mucorales and others, may be less susceptible or resistant to these antifungals. A review of the literature was conducted on the susceptibility of rare moulds to the tri-azoles itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole. Particular attention was paid to isolates identified by molecular analyses. The range of susceptibility values described for the three tri-azoles was frequently large (from 0.06 to >16), and a high variability was found within each species; isolates were rarely reported as entirely susceptible to all tri-azoles. In addition, the susceptibility of 76 emerging moulds from our collection (including Hypocreales, Dothideomycetes, Scedosporium spp., Mucorales and rare Aspergillus spp.) to itraconazole and voriconazole was determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 and European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) methods. Susceptibility discrepancies (of two dilutions) were found comparing CLSI and EUCAST for Dothideomycetes; the values for the remaining moulds were similar. More practical, faster and inexpensive susceptibility tools are welcome for testing emerging moulds, as these tests still represent a critical tool to support clinicians on the selection of proper antifungal treatment. The susceptibility of emerging moulds to tri-azoles cannot be predicted exclusively following mould identification, as the isolates' susceptibilities showed highly variable values. Some emerging moulds still remain very difficult to identity, even following standard molecular analyses which result in complex fungal collections. This fact limits the definition of epidemiological cut-offs and clinical breakpoints that are still imperative for emerging moulds.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Araujo
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal,
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de Souza M, Matsuzawa T, Lyra L, Busso-Lopes AF, Gonoi T, Schreiber AZ, Kamei K, Moretti ML, Trabasso P. Fusarium napiforme systemic infection: case report with molecular characterization and antifungal susceptibility tests. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:492. [PMID: 25210666 PMCID: PMC4159480 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction During the last decades, Fusarium spp. has been reported as a significant cause of disease in humans, especially in immunocompromised patients, who have high risk of invasive life-threatening disease. Fusarium species usually reported as cause of human disease are F. solani, F. oxysporum and F. verticillioides. Case description We describe the second case in the literature of disseminated fusariosis caused by Fusarium napiforme, that occurred in a 60-year-old woman with multiple myeloma after subsequent cycles of chemotherapy. Discussion and Evaluation We identified the F. napiforme not only by standard morphologic criteria by macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, but also confirmed by molecular biology methods, including sequencing. The antifungal susceptibility of the F. napiforme isolates were tested to seven antifungal drugs; the azoles were the most active drug against all the isolates tested. Conclusions Fusarium spp. are of relevance in medical mycology, and their profiles of low susceptibility to antifungal drugs highlight the importance for faster and more accurate diagnostic tests, what can contribute to an earlier and precise diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil ; LIM 46 - Laboratory of Parasitology - HC/FMUSP, Kragujevac, São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Luzia Lyra
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Tohru Gonoi
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Katsuhiko Kamei
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Maria Luiza Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Plínio Trabasso
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
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Zu Y, Sun W, Zhao X, Wang W, Li Y, Ge Y, Liu Y, Wang K. Preparation and characterization of amorphous amphotericin B nanoparticles for oral administration through liquid antisolvent precipitation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 53:109-17. [PMID: 24345795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We prepared amphotericin B (AmB) nanoparticles through liquid antisolvent precipitation (LAP) and by freeze-drying to improve the solubility of AmB for oral administration. The LAP was optimized through a single-factor experiment. We determined the effects of surfactants and their concentration, the stirring time, the precipitation temperature, the stirring intensity, the drug concentration and the volume ratio of antisolvent to solvent on the mean particle size (MPS) of the AmB nanoparticles. Increased stirring intensity and precipitation time favored AmB nanoparticles with smaller MPS, but precipitation times exceeding 30 min did not further reduce the MPS. Increased Tween-80 concentration and the drug concentration decreased the MPS of the AmB nanoparticles. Increased precipitation temperature and antisolvent to solvent volume ratio initially decreased the MPS of the AmB nanoparticles, which increased thereafter. Optimum conditions produced AmB nanoparticles with an MPS of 135.1 nm. The AmB nanoparticles were characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mass spectrometry (MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TG), solvent residue, drug purity test, and dissolution testing. The analyses indicated that the chemical structure of AmB remained unchanged in the nanoparticles, but the structure was changed from crystalline to amorphous. The residual DMSO in the nanoparticles was 0.24% less than the standard set by the International Conference on Harmonization limit for class III solvents. The AmB nanoparticles exhibited 2.1 times faster dissolution rates and 13 times equilibrium solubility compared with the raw drug. The detection results indicate that the AmB nanoparticles potentially improved the oral absorption of AmB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuangang Zu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Weiguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yunlong Ge
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kunlun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
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Kang Y, Li L, Zhu J, Zhao Y, Zhang Q. Identification of Fusarium from a patient with fungemia after multiple organ injury. Mycopathologia 2013; 176:151-5. [PMID: 23703243 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-013-9664-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium is a filamentous fungus widely distributed in nature, which is an important opportunistic pathogen and could cause fusariosis both in plants and animals. In human, Fusarium could cause local and disseminated infections both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. We describe here a case of a male patient suffered from multiple organ injury, whose blood fungal culture was positive. The isolate was confirmed as "Fusarium solani" according to the morphology of the fungus and the results of phenotypic and molecular identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Kang
- The Center for Medical Mycology, Department of Dermatology. Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
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