Improving the Accuracy of Diabetes Diagnosis Applications through a Hybrid Feature Selection Algorithm

Artificial intelligence-driven transformations in diabetes care: a comprehensive literature review

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been applied in healthcare for diagnosis, treatments, disease management, and for studying underlying mechanisms and disease complications in diseases like diabetes and metabolic disorders. This review is a comprehensive overview of various applications of AI in the healthcare system for managing diabetes. A literature search was conducted on PubMed to locate studies integrating AI in the diagnosis, treatment, management and prevention of diabetes. As diabetes is now considered a pandemic now so employing AI and machine learning approaches can be applied to limit diabetes in areas with higher prevalence. Machine learning algorithms can visualize big datasets, and make predictions. AI-powered mobile apps and the closed-loop system automated glucose monitoring and insulin delivery can lower the burden on insulin. AI can help identify disease markers and potential risk factors as well. While promising, AI's integration in the medical field is still challenging due to privacy, data security, bias, and transparency. Overall, AI's potential can be harnessed for better patient outcomes through personalized treatment.

Diabetes Mellitus Disease Prediction and Type Classification Involving Predictive Modeling Using Machine Learning Techniques and Classifiers

The Diabetes-Mellitus (DM) disease is considered a persistent ailment that is triggered by excessive sugar levels in the blood of a person. It gives rise to severe health complications when left untreated and can also give rise to related diseases such as cardiac attack, nervous damage, foot problems, liver and kidney damage, and eye problems. These problems are caused by a series of factors interrelated to one another such as age, gender, family history, BMI, and Blood Glucose. Various Machine-Learning (ML) algorithms are being used in order to predict and detect the disease to avoid further complications of health. The Diabetes prediction process can be further improvised by identifying the type a person is being affected by and the probability of the occurrence of the related diseases. In order to perform the mentioned task, two types of the dataset are used in the study, namely, PIMA and a clinical survey dataset. Various ML algorithms such as Random Forest, Light Gradient Boosting Machine, Gradient Boosting Machine, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and XGBoost are being used. The performance metrics used are accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, and sensitivity. Techniques such as Data Augmentation and Sampling are used. In comparison with the research conducted previously, the paper focuses on improvisation of the accuracy with a percentage of 95.20 using the LGBM Classifier, and Diabetes is also classified as Prediabetes or Diabetes using many Classification mechanisms.

A Systematic Review on Metaheuristic Optimization Techniques for Feature Selections in Disease Diagnosis: Open Issues and Challenges

There is a need for some techniques to solve various problems in today's computing world. Metaheuristic algorithms are one of the techniques which are capable of providing practical solutions to such issues. Due to their efficiency, metaheuristic algorithms are now used in healthcare data to diagnose diseases practically and with better results than traditional methods. In this study, an efficient search has been performed where 173 papers from different research databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, and others have been considered impactful in diagnosing the diseases using metaheuristic techniques. Ten metaheuristic techniques have been studied, which include spider monkey, shuffled frog leaping algorithm, cuckoo search algorithm, ant lion technique of optimization, lion optimization technique, moth flame technique, bat-inspired algorithm, grey wolf algorithm, whale optimization, and dragonfly technique of optimization for selecting and optimizing the features to predict heart disease, Alzheimer's disease, brain disorder, diabetes, chronic disease features, liver disease, covid-19, etc. Besides, the framework has also been shown to provide information on various phases behind the execution of metaheuristic techniques to predict diseases. The study's primary goal is to present the contribution of the researchers by demonstrating their methodology to predict diseases using the metaheuristic techniques mentioned above. Later, their work has also been compared and evaluated using accuracy, precision, F1 score, error rate, sensitivity, specificity, an area under a curve, etc., to help the researchers to choose the right field and methods for predicting the diseases in the future.

Diabetes Mellitus Disease Prediction Using Machine Learning Classifiers with Oversampling and Feature Augmentation

The technical improvements in healthcare sector today have given rise to many new inventions in the field of artificial intelligence. Patterns for disease identification are carried out, and the onset of prediction of many diseases is detected. Diseases include diabetes mellitus disease, fatal heart diseases, and symptomatic cancer. There are many algorithms that have played a critical role in the prediction of diseases. This paper proposes an ML based approach for diabetes mellitus disease prediction. For diabetes prediction, many ML algorithms are compared and used in the proposed work, and finally the three ML classifiers providing the highest accuracy are determined: RF, GBM, and LGBM. The accuracy of prediction is obtained using two types of datasets. They are Pima Indians dataset and a curated dataset. The ML classifiers LGBM, GB, and RF are used to build a predictive model, and the accuracy of each classifier is noted and compared. In addition to the generalized prediction mechanism, the data augmentation technique is also used, and the final accuracy of prediction is obtained for the classifiers LGBM, GB, and RF. A comparative study and demonstration between augmentation and non-augmentation are also discussed for the two datasets used in order to further improve the performance accuracy for predicting diabetes disease.

Early Risk Prediction of Diabetes Based on GA-Stacking

Early risk prediction of diabetes could help doctors and patients to pay attention to the disease and intervene as soon as possible, which can effectively reduce the risk of complications. In this paper, a GA-stacking ensemble learning model is proposed to improve the accuracy of diabetes risk prediction. Firstly, genetic algorithms (GA) based on Decision Tree (DT) is used to select individuals with high adaptability, that is, a subset of attributes suitable for diabetes risk prediction. Secondly, the optimized convolutional neural network (CNN) and support vector machine (SVM) are used as the primary learners of stacking to learn attribute subsets, respectively. Then, the output of CNN and SVM is used as the input of the mate learner, the fully connected layer, for classification. Qingdao desensitization physical examination data from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2019 is used, which includes body temperature, BMI, waist circumference, and other indicators that may be related to early diabetes. We compared the performance of GA-stacking with K-nearest neighbor (KNN), SVM, logistic regression (LR), Naive Bayes (NB), and CNN before and after adding GA through the average prediction time, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score. Results show that prediction efficiency can be improved by adding GA. GA-stacking has higher prediction accuracy. Moreover, the strong generalization ability and high prediction efficiency of GA-stacking have also been verified on the early-stage diabetes risk prediction dataset published by UCI.