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Effects of Stathmin 1 Gene Knockout on Behaviors and Dopaminergic Markers in Mice Exposed to Social Defeat Stress. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9090215. [PMID: 31454951 PMCID: PMC6769668 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9090215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stathmin (STMN), a microtubule-destabilizing factor, can regulate fear, anxiety, and learning. Social defeat stress (SDS) has detrimental effects on mental health and increases the risk of various psychiatric diseases. This study investigated the effects of STMN1 gene knockout (KO) on behavioral parameters and dopaminergic markers using an SDS mouse model. The STMN1 KO mice showed anxious hyperactivity, impaired object recognition, and decreased levels of neutral and social investigating behaviors at baseline compared to wild-type (WT) mice. The impact of SDS on neutral, social investigating and dominant behaviors differed markedly between the STMN1 WT and KO mice. In addition, different levels of total DARPP-32 and pDARPP-32 Thr75 expression were observed among the control, unsusceptible, and susceptible groups of STMN1 KO mice. Our results show that STMN1 has specific roles in locomotion, object recognition, and social interactions. Moreover, SDS had differential impacts on social interactions and dopaminergic markers between STMN1 WT and KO mice.
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Effects of social defeat stress on dopamine D2 receptor isoforms and proteins involved in intracellular trafficking. Behav Brain Funct 2018; 14:16. [PMID: 30296947 PMCID: PMC6176509 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-018-0148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic social defeat stress induces depression and anxiety-like behaviors in rodents and also responsible for differentiating defeated animals into stress susceptible and resilient groups. The present study investigated the effects of social defeat stress on a variety of behavioral parameters like social behavior, spatial learning and memory and anxiety like behaviors. Additionally, the levels of various dopaminergic markers, including the long and short form of the D2 receptor, and total and phosphorylated dopamine and cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate regulated phosphoprotein-32, and proteins involved in intracellular trafficking were assessed in several key brain regions in young adult mice. Methods Mouse model of chronic social defeat was established by resident-intruder paradigm, and to evaluate the effect of chronic social defeat, mice were subjected to behavioral tests like spontaneous locomotor activity, elevated plus maze (EPM), social interaction and Morris water maze tests. Results Mice were divided into susceptible and unsusceptible groups after 10 days of social defeat stress. The susceptible group exhibited greater decreases in time spent in the open and closed arms compared to the control group on the EPM. In the social interaction test, the susceptible group showed greater increases in submissive and neutral behaviors and greater decreases in social behaviors relative to baseline compared to the control group. Furthermore, increased expression of D2L, D2S, Rab4, and G protein-coupled receptor associated sorting protein-1 was observed in the amygdala of the susceptible group compared to the control group. Conclusion These findings suggest that social defeat stress induce anxiety-like and altered social interacting behaviors, and changes in dopaminergic markers and intracellular trafficking-related proteins. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12993-018-0148-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Jin HM, Shrestha Muna S, Bagalkot TR, Cui Y, Yadav BK, Chung YC. The effects of social defeat on behavior and dopaminergic markers in mice. Neuroscience 2015; 288:167-77. [PMID: 25575945 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of chronic social defeat stress on several behavioral parameters, and the expression of dopaminergic markers, i.e., dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs), dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs), and dopamine and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-regulated phosphoprotein-32 (DARPP-32), in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala (AMY), and hippocampus (HIP) of mouse brains. After 10days of social defeat stress, the defeated mice were divided into two groups: one group underwent a series of behavioral tests. The other group was sacrificed on the 11th day and tissue samples were collected for Western blotting. The behavioral tests comprised tests of locomotion, light/dark preference, social interaction, as well as the novel object recognition test (NORT), Morris water maze, and forced swimming test (FST). We measured the expression of D1Rs, D2Rs, total DARPP-32, phospho-Thr34 or Thr75-DARPP-32 using Western blotting. The defeated mice showed increased anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, and impaired cognition. No significant differences in D1Rs and D2Rs expression were shown between defeated and control mice in any area studied. A significantly increased expression in total DARPP-32, and phospho-DARPP-32 was observed in the PFC or AMY of defeated mice. These data suggest that alterations in dopaminergic markers may be involved in anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, and cognitive impairment induced by social defeat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-M Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - S Shrestha Muna
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - T R Bagalkot
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Y Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - B K Yadav
- Department of Neurology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Y-C Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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Glovaci I, Caruana DA, Chapman CA. Dopaminergic enhancement of excitatory synaptic transmission in layer II entorhinal neurons is dependent on D₁-like receptor-mediated signaling. Neuroscience 2013; 258:74-83. [PMID: 24220689 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The modulatory neurotransmitter dopamine induces concentration-dependent changes in synaptic transmission in the entorhinal cortex, in which high concentrations of dopamine suppress evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) and lower concentrations induce an acute synaptic facilitation. Whole-cell current-clamp recordings were used to investigate the dopaminergic facilitation of synaptic responses in layer II neurons of the rat lateral entorhinal cortex. A constant bath application of 1 μM dopamine resulted in a consistent facilitation of EPSPs evoked in layer II fan cells by layer I stimulation; the size of the facilitation was more variable in pyramidal neurons, and synaptic responses in a small group of multiform neurons were not modulated by dopamine. Isolated inhibitory synaptic responses were not affected by dopamine, and the facilitation of EPSPs was not associated with a change in paired-pulse facilitation ratio. Voltage-clamp recordings of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) glutamate receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) were facilitated by dopamine, but N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated currents were not. Bath application of the dopamine D₁-like receptor blocker SCH23390 (50 μM), but not the D₂-like receptor blocker sulpiride (50 μM), prevented the facilitation, indicating that it is dependent upon D₁-like receptor activation. Dopamine D₁ receptors lead to activation of protein kinase A (PKA), and including the PKA inhibitor H-89 or KT 5720 in the recording pipette solution prevented the facilitation of EPSCs. PKA-dependent phosphorylation of inhibitor 1 or the dopamine- and cAMP-regulated protein phosphatase (DARPP-32) can lead to a facilitation of AMPA receptor responses by inhibiting the activity of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) that reduces dephosphorylation of AMPA receptors, and we found here that inhibition of PP1 occluded the facilitatory effect of dopamine. The dopamine-induced facilitation of AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic responses in layer II neurons of the lateral entorhinal cortex is therefore likely mediated via a D₁ receptor-dependent increase in PKA activity and a resulting inhibition in PP1-dependent dephosphorylation of AMPA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Glovaci
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - D A Caruana
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - C A Chapman
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec H4B 1R6, Canada.
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Heyser CJ, McNaughton CH, Vishnevetsky D, Fienberg AA. Methylphenidate restores novel object recognition in DARPP-32 knockout mice. Behav Brain Res 2013; 253:266-73. [PMID: 23906769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we have shown that Dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32kDa (DARPP-32) knockout mice required significantly more trials to reach criterion than wild-type mice in an operant reversal-learning task. The present study was conducted to examine adult male and female DARPP-32 knockout mice and wild-type controls in a novel object recognition test. Wild-type and knockout mice exhibited comparable behavior during the initial exploration trials. As expected, wild-type mice exhibited preferential exploration of the novel object during the substitution test, demonstrating recognition memory. In contrast, knockout mice did not show preferential exploration of the novel object, instead exhibiting an increase in exploration of all objects during the test trial. Given that the removal of DARPP-32 is an intracellular manipulation, it seemed possible to pharmacologically restore some cellular activity and behavior by stimulating dopamine receptors. Therefore, a second experiment was conducted examining the effect of methylphenidate. The results show that methylphenidate increased horizontal activity in both wild-type and knockout mice, though this increase was blunted in knockout mice. Pretreatment with methylphenidate significantly impaired novel object recognition in wild-type mice. In contrast, pretreatment with methylphenidate restored the behavior of DARPP-32 knockout mice to that observed in wild-type mice given saline. These results provide additional evidence for a functional role of DARPP-32 in the mediation of processes underlying learning and memory. These results also indicate that the behavioral deficits in DARPP-32 knockout mice may be restored by the administration of methylphenidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Heyser
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Castorina A, D'Amico AG, Scuderi S, Leggio GM, Drago F, D'Agata V. Dopamine D3 receptor deletion increases tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) activity in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Neuroscience 2013; 250:546-56. [PMID: 23906635 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Considerable evidence indicates that dopamine (DA) influences tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-mediated proteolytic processing of the precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) into mature BDNF (mBDNF). However, specific roles in this process for the dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) and the underlying molecular mechanisms are yet to be fully characterized. In the present study, we hypothesized that D3R deletion could influence tPA activity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Using D3R knockout (D3(-/-)) mice, we show that receptor inactivation is associated with increased tPA expression/activity both in the prefrontal cortex and, to a greater extent, in the hippocampus. Augmented tPA expression in D3(-/-) mice correlated with increased BDNF mRNA levels, plasmin/plasminogen protein ratio and the conversion of proBDNF into mBDNF, as well as enhanced tPA and mBDNF immunoreactivity, as determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunoblot and immunohistochemistry. In addition, when compared to wild-type controls, D3(-/-) mice exhibited increased basal activation of the canonical cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)-driven Akt/cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling cascade, as determined by the increased Akt phosphorylation both at Thr304 and Ser473 residues, of DA and cAMP-regulated protein of 32kDa (DARPP-32) at Thr34 and a phosphorylation state-dependent inhibition of glycogen synthetase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) at Ser9, a substrate of Akt whose constitutive function impairs normal CREB transcriptional activity through phosphorylation at its Ser129 residue. Accordingly, CREB phosphorylation at Ser133 was significantly increased in D3(-/-) mice, whereas the GSK-3β-dependent phosphorylation at Ser129 was diminished. Altogether, our finding reveals that mice lacking D3Rs show enhanced tPA proteolytic activity on BDNF which may involve, at least in part, a potentiated Akt/CREB signaling, possibly due to hindered GSK-3β activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Castorina
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Catania, Italy.
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Meneses A, Perez-Garcia G, Ponce-Lopez T, Tellez R, Gallegos-Cari A, Castillo C. Spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) as an animal model for ADHD: a short overview. Rev Neurosci 2011; 22:365-71. [DOI: 10.1515/rns.2011.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Meneses A, Ponce-Lopez T, Tellez R, Gonzalez R, Castillo C, Gasbarri A. Effects of d-amphetamine on short- and long-term memory in spontaneously hypertensive, Wistar-Kyoto and Sprague-Dawley rats. Behav Brain Res 2010; 216:472-6. [PMID: 20813138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 08/15/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diverse studies indicate that the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with alterations in encoding processes, including working or short-term memory. Some ADHD dysfunctional domains are reflected in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Here SHR-saline group showed significantly poor STM and LTM relative to SD and WKY saline rats. SD and WKY rats treated with d-amphetamine displayed better STM and LTM, compared to SD-vehicle, WKY-vehicle or SHR-d-amphetamine groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meneses
- Department of Pharmacobiology, CINVESTAV, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Rosa DV, Souza RP, Souza BR, Lima FF, Valvassori SS, Gomez MV, Quevedo J, Romano-Silva MA. Inhibitory avoidance task does not change NCS-1 level in rat brain. Brain Res Bull 2010; 82:289-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hirata Y, Souza RP, Lieberman JA, Meltzer HY, Kennedy JL. Lack of association between HTR4 gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia in case-control and family-based samples. Psychiatry Res 2010; 175:176-8. [PMID: 19892407 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2009.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Revised: 05/07/2009] [Accepted: 08/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have found haplotypic association of HTR4 variants and schizophrenia. Examining case-control pairs, G-G of rs7713886 was associated with schizophrenia risk. The A-A-G-G-G-A-A rs9325104-rs1422636-rs7715569-rs6873382-rs7711800-rs10078551-rs2068190 haplotype was overrepresented in the schizophrenia cases. The associations were no longer significant after corrections for multiple comparisons. No association was found in the family sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Hirata
- Neurogenetics Section, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Souza RP, Soares EC, Rosa DV, Souza BR, Gomes KM, Valvassori SS, Réus GZ, Inácio CG, Martins MR, Gomez MV, Quevedo J, Romano‐Silva MA. Cerebral DARPP‐32 expression after methylphenidate administration in young and adult rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2008; 27:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2008.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2008] [Revised: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Renan P. Souza
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
| | - Eliane C. Soares
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
| | - Daniela V.F. Rosa
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
| | - Bruno R. Souza
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
| | - Karin M. Gomes
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Samira S. Valvassori
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Gislaine Z. Réus
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Cecília G. Inácio
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Márcio R. Martins
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Marcus V. Gomez
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratorio de Neurociências, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense88806‐000CriciúmaSCBrazil
| | - Marco A. Romano‐Silva
- Laboratório de NeurociênciaDepartamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisAv Alfredo Balena, 190Belo Horizonte30130‐100– MGBrazil
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