1
|
Castillo CA, Ballesteros-Yáñez I, León-Navarro DA, Albasanz JL, Martín M. Early Effects of the Soluble Amyloid β 25-35 Peptide in Rat Cortical Neurons: Modulation of Signal Transduction Mediated by Adenosine and Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126577. [PMID: 34205261 PMCID: PMC8234864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid β peptide (Aβ) is a central player in the neuropathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The alteration of Aβ homeostasis may impact the fine-tuning of cell signaling from the very beginning of the disease, when amyloid plaque is not deposited yet. For this reason, primary culture of rat cortical neurons was exposed to Aβ25-35, a non-oligomerizable form of Aβ. Cell viability, metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) and adenosine receptors (AR) expression and signalling were assessed. Aβ25-35 increased mGluR density and affinity, mainly due to a higher gene expression and protein presence of Group I mGluR (mGluR1 and mGluR5) in the membrane of cortical neurons. Intriguingly, the main effector of group I mGluR, the phospholipase C β1 isoform, was less responsive. Also, the inhibitory action of group II and group III mGluR on adenylate cyclase (AC) activity was unaltered or increased, respectively. Interestingly, pre-treatment of cortical neurons with an antagonist of group I mGluR reduced the Aβ25-35-induced cell death. Besides, Aβ25-35 increased the density of A1R and A2AR, along with an increase in their gene expression. However, while A1R-mediated AC inhibition was increased, the A2AR-mediated stimulation of AC remained unchanged. Therefore, one of the early events that takes place after Aβ25-35 exposure is the up-regulation of adenosine A1R, A2AR, and group I mGluR, and the different impacts on their corresponding signaling pathways. These results emphasize the importance of deciphering the early events and the possible involvement of metabotropic glutamate and adenosine receptors in AD physiopathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Castillo
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, School of Physiotherapy and Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (I.B.-Y.); (D.A.L.-N.); (M.M.)
| | - Inmaculada Ballesteros-Yáñez
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (I.B.-Y.); (D.A.L.-N.); (M.M.)
- Department of Inorganic, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, Organic and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - David Agustín León-Navarro
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (I.B.-Y.); (D.A.L.-N.); (M.M.)
- Department of Inorganic, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, Organic and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José Luis Albasanz
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (I.B.-Y.); (D.A.L.-N.); (M.M.)
- Department of Inorganic, School of Medicine of Ciudad Real, Organic and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Mairena Martín
- Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (I.B.-Y.); (D.A.L.-N.); (M.M.)
- Department of Inorganic, Faculty of Chemical and Technological Sciences, Organic and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Study of influence of the glutamatergic concentration of [ 18F]FPEB binding to metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 with N-acetylcysteine challenge in rats and SRM/PET study in human healthy volunteers. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:66. [PMID: 33473111 PMCID: PMC7817831 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered glutamate signaling is thought to be involved in a myriad of psychiatric disorders. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with [18F]FPEB allows assessing dynamic changes in metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) availability underlying neuropathological conditions. The influence of endogenous glutamatergic levels into receptor binding has not been well established yet. The purpose of this study was to explore the [18F]FPEB binding regarding to physiological fluctuations or acute changes of glutamate synaptic concentrations by a translational approach; a PET/MRS imaging study in 12 healthy human volunteers combined to a PET imaging after an N-acetylcysteine (NAc) pharmacological challenge in rodents. No significant differences were observed with small-animal PET in the test and retest conditions on the one hand and the NAc condition on the other hand for any regions. To test for an interaction of mGuR5 density and glutamatergic concentrations in healthy subjects, we correlated the [18F]FPEB BPND with Glu/Cr, Gln/Cr, Glx/Cr ratios in the anterior cingulate cortex VOI; respectively, no significance correlation has been revealed (Glu/Cr: r = 0.51, p = 0.09; Gln/Cr: r = -0.46, p = 0.13; Glx/Cr: r = -0.035, p = 0.92).These data suggest that the in vivo binding of [18F]FPEB to an allosteric site of the mGluR5 is not modulated by endogenous glutamate in vivo. Thus, [18F]FPEB appears unable to measure acute fluctuations in endogenous levels of glutamate.
Collapse
|
3
|
Raynaud F, Homburger V, Seveno M, Vigy O, Moutin E, Fagni L, Perroy J. SNAP23-Kif5 complex controls mGlu1 receptor trafficking. J Mol Cell Biol 2019; 10:423-436. [PMID: 29762713 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjy031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptors are expressed at excitatory synapses and control synaptic transmission in mammalian brain. These receptors are involved in numerous patho-physiological functions. However, little is known about the molecular determinants responsible for their intracellular transport and membrane targeting. Here we investigated the nature of the molecular motor and adaptor protein responsible for trafficking and membrane localization of the group I metabotropic glutamate mGlu1 postsynaptic receptor in cultured hippocampal neurons. In proteomic studies, we identified the synaptosome-associated protein 23 (SNAP23) and the molecular motor Kif5 kinesin as proteins interacting with mGlu1 receptor. We showed that SNAP23, but not Kif5, directly interacts with mGlu1 receptor carboxyl terminus. Using a recombination approach to impair or enhance the interaction between SNAP23 and Kif5, we found that the SNAP23-Kif5 complex controls the trafficking of mGlu1 receptor along microtubules. Additional fluorescence recovery after cleavage experiments allowed us to identify a role of the complex in the receptor cell surface targeting. In conclusion, our study indicates that along dendritic processes Kif5-SNAP23 complex contributes to proper mGlu1 receptor trafficking and cell surface expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martial Seveno
- BioCampus Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Oana Vigy
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Enora Moutin
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Fagni
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Julie Perroy
- IGF, CNRS, INSERM, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Benussi A, Alberici A, Buratti E, Ghidoni R, Gardoni F, Di Luca M, Padovani A, Borroni B. Toward a Glutamate Hypothesis of Frontotemporal Dementia. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:304. [PMID: 30983965 PMCID: PMC6449454 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by diverse clinical presentations, neuropathological characteristics and underlying genetic causes. Emerging evidence has shown that FTD is characterized by a series of changes in several neurotransmitter systems, including serotonin, dopamine, GABA and, above all, glutamate. Indeed, several studies have now provided preclinical and clinical evidence that glutamate is key in the pathogenesis of FTD. Animal models of FTD have shown a selective hypofunction in N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, while in patients, glutamatergic pyramidal neurons are depleted in several areas, including the frontal and temporal cortices. Recently, a selective involvement of the AMPA GluA3 subunit has been observed in patients with autoimmune anti-GluA3 antibodies, which accounted for nearly 25% of FTD patients, leading to a decrease of the GluA3 subunit synaptic localization of the AMPA receptor and loss of dendritic spines. Other in vivo evidence of the involvement of the glutamatergic system in FTD derives from non-invasive brain stimulation studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation, in which specific stimulation protocols have indirectly identified a selective and prominent impairment in glutamatergic circuits in patients with both sporadic and genetic FTD. In view of limited disease modifying therapies to slow or revert disease progression in FTD, an important approach could consist in targeting the neurotransmitter deficits, similarly to what has been achieved in Parkinson’s disease with dopaminergic therapy or Alzheimer’s disease with cholinergic therapy. In this review, we summarize the current evidence concerning the involvement of the glutamatergic system in FTD, suggesting the development of new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Benussi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonella Alberici
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Buratti
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, ICGEB, Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberta Ghidoni
- IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Di Luca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Posada-Duque RA, Palacio-Castañeda V, Cardona-Gómez GP. CDK5 knockdown in astrocytes provide neuroprotection as a trophic source via Rac1. Mol Cell Neurosci 2015; 68:151-66. [PMID: 26160434 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes perform metabolic and structural support functions in the brain and contribute to the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Astrocytes influence neuronal survival and prevent gliotoxicity by capturing glutamate (Glu), reactive oxygen species, and nutrients. During these processes, astrocytic morphological changes are supported by actin cytoskeleton remodeling and require the involvement of Rho GTPases, such as Rac1. The protein cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) may have a dual effect on astrocytes because it has been shown to be involved in migration, senescence, and the dysfunction of glutamate recapture; however, its role in astrocytes remains unclear. Treating a possible deregulation of CDK5 with RNAi is a strategy that has been proposed as a therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. Models of glutamate gliotoxicity in the C6 astroglioma cell line, primary cultures of astrocytes, and co-cultures with neurons were used to analyze the effects of CDK5 RNAi in astrocytes and the role of Rac1 in neuronal viability. In C6 cells and primary astrocytes, CDK5 RNAi prevented the cell death generated by glutamate-induced gliotoxicity, and this finding was corroborated by pharmacological inhibition with roscovitine. This effect was associated with the appearance of lamellipodia, protrusions, increased cell area, stellation, Rac1 activation, BDNF release, and astrocytic protection in neurons that were exposed to glutamate excitotoxicity. Interestingly, Rac1 inhibition in astrocytes blocked BDNF upregulation and the astrocyte-mediated neuroprotection. Actin cytoskeleton remodeling and stellation may be a functional phenotype for BDNF release that promotes neuroprotection. In summary, our findings suggest that CDK5- knockdown in astrocytes acts as a trophic source for neuronal protection in a Rac1-dependent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Andrés Posada-Duque
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, SIU, University of Antioquia, Calle 70, No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Valentina Palacio-Castañeda
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, SIU, University of Antioquia, Calle 70, No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Gloria Patricia Cardona-Gómez
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, SIU, University of Antioquia, Calle 70, No. 52-21, Medellin, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kritis AA, Stamoula EG, Paniskaki KA, Vavilis TD. Researching glutamate - induced cytotoxicity in different cell lines: a comparative/collective analysis/study. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:91. [PMID: 25852482 PMCID: PMC4362409 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although glutamate is one of the most important excitatory neurotransmitters of the central nervous system, its excessive extracellular concentration leads to uncontrolled continuous depolarization of neurons, a toxic process called, excitotoxicity. In excitotoxicity glutamate triggers the rise of intracellular Ca2+ levels, followed by up regulation of nNOS, dysfunction of mitochondria, ROS production, ER stress, and release of lysosomal enzymes. Excessive calcium concentration is the key mediator of glutamate toxicity through over activation of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. In addition, glutamate accumulation can also inhibit cystine (CySS) uptake by reversing the action of the CySS/glutamate antiporter. Reversal of the antiporter action reinforces the aforementioned events by depleting neurons of cysteine and eventually glutathione’s reducing potential. Various cell lines have been employed in the pursuit to understand the mechanism(s) by which excitotoxicity affects the cells leading them ultimately to their demise. In some cell lines glutamate toxicity is exerted mainly through over activation of NMDA, AMPA, or kainate receptors whereas in other cell lines lacking such receptors, the toxicity is due to glutamate induced oxidative stress. However, in the greatest majority of the cell lines ionotropic glutamate receptors are present, co-existing to CySS/glutamate antiporters and metabotropic glutamate receptors, supporting the assumption that excitotoxicity effect in these cells is accumulative. Different cell lines differ in their responses when exposed to glutamate. In this review article the responses of PC12, SH-SY5Y, HT-22, NT-2, OLCs, C6, primary rat cortical neurons, RGC-5, and SCN2.2 cell systems are systematically collected and analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis A Kritis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Eleni G Stamoula
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Krystallenia A Paniskaki
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Theofanis D Vavilis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Luo P, Yang Y, Liu W, Rao W, Bian H, Li X, Chen T, Liu M, Zhao Y, Dai S, Yan X, Fei Z. Downregulation of postsynaptic density-95-interacting regulator of spine morphogenesis reduces glutamate-induced excitotoxicity by differentially regulating glutamate receptors in rat cortical neurons. FEBS J 2013; 280:6114-27. [PMID: 24103031 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity is involved in many neurological diseases. Preso, a novel postsynaptic scaffold protein, mediates excitatory synaptic transmission and various synaptic functions. In this study, we investigated the role of Preso in the regulation of glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in rat cortical neurons. Knockdown of Preso with small interfering RNA improved neuronal viability and attenuated the elevation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release after glutamate treatment. Downregulation of Preso also inhibited an increase in the BAX/Bcl-2 ratio and cleavage of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Although the expression and distribution of metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) 1/5, NR1, NR2A and NR2B were not changed by knockdown of Preso, downregulation of Preso protected neurons from glutamate-induced excitotoxicity by inhibiting mGluR and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function. However, downregulation of Preso neither affected the expression of GluR1 and GluR2 nor influenced the function of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor after glutamate treatment. Furthermore, intracellular Ca(2+) was an important downstream effector of Preso in the regulation of excitotoxicity. These results suggest that expression of Preso promotes the induction of excitotoxicity by facilitating different glutamate receptor signaling pathways. Therefore, Preso might be a potential pharmacological target for preventing and treating neurological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Duncan JR, Lawrence AJ. The role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in addiction: evidence from preclinical models. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 100:811-24. [PMID: 21443897 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Addiction is a chronic disorder characterised by repeated bouts of drug taking, abstinence and relapse. The addicted state may be in part due to drug-induced neuroadaptations in the mesocorticolimbic and corticostriatal pathways. Recently focus has been on the role of aberrant glutamate transmission and its contribution to the hierarchical control over these systems. This review will expand our current knowledge of the most recent advances that have been made in preclinical animal models that provide evidence that implicate metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in contributing to the neuroadaptations pertinent to addiction, as well as the role of Homer proteins in regulating these responses. The recent discovery of receptor mosaics will be discussed which add an additional dimension to the complexity of understanding the mechanism of glutamate mediated behaviours. Finally this review introduces a new area related to glutamatergic responses, namely microRNAs, that may become pivotal in directing our future understanding of how to best target intervention strategies to prevent addictive behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jhodie R Duncan
- Florey Neuroscience Institutes, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic., 3010, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|