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Bera A, Nandi PK. Nucleic acid induced unfolding of recombinant prion protein globular fragment is pH dependent. Protein Sci 2014; 23:1780-8. [PMID: 25271002 DOI: 10.1002/pro.2573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid can catalyze the conversion of α-helical cellular prion protein to β-sheet rich Proteinase K resistant prion protein oligomers and amyloid polymers in vitro and in solution. Because unfolding of a protein molecule from its ordered α-helical structure is considered to be a necessary step for the structural conversion to its β-sheet rich isoform, we have studied the unfolding of the α-helical globular 121-231 fragment of mouse recombinant prion protein in the presence of different nucleic acids at neutral and acid pH. Nucleic acids, either single or double stranded, do not have any significant effect on the secondary structure of the protein fragment at neutral pH; however the protein secondary structure is modified by the nucleic acids at pH 5. Nucleic acids do not show any significant effect on the temperature induced unfolding of the globular prion protein domain at neutral pH which, however, undergoes a gross conformational change at pH 5 as evidenced from the lowering of the midpoint of thermal denaturation temperatures, Tm, of the protein. The extent of Tm decrease shows a dependence on the nature of nucleic acid. The interaction of nucleic acid with the nonpolar groups exposed from the protein interior at pH 5 probably contributes substantially to the unfolding process of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alakesh Bera
- Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 37380, Nouzilly, France
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Pathological implications of nucleic acid interactions with proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Biophys Rev 2014; 6:97-110. [PMID: 28509960 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-013-0132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein misfolding disorders (PMDs) refer to a group of diseases related to the misfolding of particular proteins that aggregate and deposit in the cells and tissues of humans and other mammals. The mechanisms that trigger protein misfolding and aggregation are still not fully understood. Increasing experimental evidence indicates that abnormal interactions between PMD-related proteins and nucleic acids (NAs) can induce conformational changes. Here, we discuss these protein-NA interactions and address the role of deoxyribonucleic (DNA) and ribonucleic (RNA) acid molecules in the conformational conversion of different proteins that aggregate in PMDs, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and prion diseases. Studies on the affinity, stability, and specificity of proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases and NAs are specifically addressed. A landscape of reciprocal effects resulting from the binding of prion proteins, amyloid-β peptides, tau proteins, huntingtin, and α-synuclein are presented here to clarify the possible role of NAs, not only as encoders of genetic information but also in triggering PMDs.
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Liu M, Song W, Li P, Huang Y, Gong X, Zhou G, Jia X, Zheng L, Fan Y. Galanin protects against nerve injury after shear stress in primary cultured rat cortical neurons. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63473. [PMID: 23691051 PMCID: PMC3653936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide galanin and its receptors (GalR) are found to be up-regulated in brains suffering from nerve injury, but the specific role played by galanin remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective role of galanin after shear stress induced nerve injury in the primary cultured cortical neurons of rats. Our results demonstrated that no significant changes in cell death and viability were found after galanin treatment when subjected to a shear stress of 5 dyn/cm(2) for 12 h, after increasing magnitude of shear stress to 10 dyn/cm(2) for 12 h, cell death was significantly increased, while galanin can inhibit the nerve injury induced by shear stress with 10 dyn/cm(2) for 12 h. Moreover, Gal2-11 (an agonist of GalR2/3) could also effectively inhibit shear stress-induced nerve injury of primary cultured cortical neurons in rats. Although GalR2 is involved in the galanin protection mechanism, there was no GalR3 expression in this system. Moreover, galanin increased the excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), which can effectively inhibit the physiological effects of shear stress. Galanin was also found to inhibit the activation of p53 and Bax, and further reversed the down regulation of Bcl-2 induced by shear stress. Our results strongly demonstrated that galanin plays a neuroprotective role in injured cortical neurons of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Song
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghui Gong
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Jia
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Lisha Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Macedo B, Millen TA, Braga CACA, Gomes MPB, Ferreira PS, Kraineva J, Winter R, Silva JL, Cordeiro Y. Nonspecific Prion Protein–Nucleic Acid Interactions Lead to Different Aggregates and Cytotoxic Species. Biochemistry 2012; 51:5402-13. [DOI: 10.1021/bi300440e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Macedo
- Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590,
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago A. Millen
- Instituto de Bioquimica Medica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | - Carolina A. C. A. Braga
- Instituto de Bioquimica Medica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | - Mariana P. B. Gomes
- Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590,
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscila S. Ferreira
- Instituto de Bioquimica Medica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | - Julia Kraineva
- Faculty of Chemistry,
Physical
Chemistry I, Dortmund University, Dortmund,
Germany
| | - Roland Winter
- Faculty of Chemistry,
Physical
Chemistry I, Dortmund University, Dortmund,
Germany
| | - Jerson L. Silva
- Instituto de Bioquimica Medica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
| | - Yraima Cordeiro
- Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590,
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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