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Saha R, Majie A, Baidya R, Sarkar B. Verbascoside: comprehensive review of a phenylethanoid macromolecule and its journey from nature to bench. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01555-3. [PMID: 39162902 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds are among the most widely researched compounds for various therapeutic applications. However, naturally occurring phenylethanoid glycosides are least explored under this class of compounds. One such phenylethanoid glycoside, verbascoside (Vb), abundantly found among 200 species of 23 families, has gained recent attention due to its wide-spectrum therapeutic properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, skin-protective, and anti-cancer. Despite having multiple therapeutic benefits, due to its large size, the compound has poor bioavailability for oral and topical applications. To meet these limitations, current research on Vb focuses on delivering it through nanoformulations. Presently, most developed formulations are liposome based for various applications, such as corneal epithelial wound healing, anti-neuropathic, anti-wrinkle, anti-hyperalgesia, atopic dermatitis, alopecia, and cutaneous wound healing. Multiple studies have confirmed the least acute and sub-acute toxicity for Vb. Few clinical studies have been performed for the therapeutic application of Vb to manage COVID-19, nephropathy, platelet aggregation, chronic primary glomerulonephritis, and acute hepatitis. Recent studies have shown the immense therapeutic potential of Vb in wound healing, dermatitis, neuroprotection, and anti-cancer activities, which creates a need for developing novel formulations for their respective uses. Long-term toxicity studies and techniques for scaling up Vb production by biotechnological approaches should be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajdeep Saha
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Ankit Majie
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Ritika Baidya
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India
| | - Biswatrish Sarkar
- Group Polyphenol-BIT, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, India.
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Blando F, Mita G, Di Sansebastiano GP, Nicoletti I, Donati E. Highly Efficient Verbascoside Production from Olive ( Olea europea L. var. Cellina di Nardò) In Vitro Cell Cultures. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:1162-1169. [PMID: 38166105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Olive (Olea europea L.) is one of the oldest and most important fruit tree species cultivated in the Mediterranean region. Various plant tissues, drupes, and olive oil contain several phenolics (including verbascoside, although it is present in the plant at a low level) that are well-known for their highly beneficial effects on human health. An in vitro olive cell suspension culture (cultivar Cellina di Nardò, "CdN") was established, characterized for its growth and morphological features. Furthermore, a vital and relatively uniform population of protoplasts was generated from the olive suspension culture to investigate their cellular characteristics during growth. The polyphenolic extract of the in vitro "CdN" olive cells contained almost exclusively verbascoside, as revealed by the UPLC-ESI-MS analysis. The content of verbascoside reached up to 100 mg/g DW, with an average production rate of approximately 50 mg/g DW over one year of culture. This level of production has not been previously reported in a limited number of previous studies. This remarkable production of verbascoside was associated with an exceptionally high antioxidant capacity. The high level of verbascoside production and purity of the extract make this system a promising tool for secondary metabolite production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Blando
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA)-CNR, UO di Lecce, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italia
| | - Giovanni Mita
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA)-CNR, UO di Lecce, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italia
| | - Gian Pietro Di Sansebastiano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italia
| | - Isabella Nicoletti
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB)-CNR, Area Territoriale di Ricerca di Roma 1, SP35d, 9, Montelibretti, Roma 00010, Italia
| | - Enrica Donati
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici (ISB)-CNR, Area Territoriale di Ricerca di Roma 1, SP35d, 9, Montelibretti, Roma 00010, Italia
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Wen SY, Wei BY, Ma JQ, Wang L, Chen YY. Phytochemicals, Biological Activities, Molecular Mechanisms, and Future Prospects of Plantago asiatica L. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:143-173. [PMID: 36545763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plantago asiatica L. has been used as a vegetable and nutritious food in Asia for thousands of years. According to recent phytochemical and pharmacological research, the active compositions of the plant contribute to various health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer. This article reviews the 87 components of the plant and their structures, as well as their biological activities and molecular research progress, in detail. This review provides valuable reference material for further study, production, and application of P. asiatica, as well as its components in functional foods and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Wen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Bing-Yan Wei
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Jie-Qiong Ma
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Song D, Yeh CT, Wang J, Guo F. Perspectives on the mechanism of pyroptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2022; 13:989503. [PMID: 36131917 PMCID: PMC9484305 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.989503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a highly harmful neurological disorder with high rates of mortality, disability, and recurrence. However, effective therapies are not currently available. Secondary immune injury and cell death are the leading causes of brain injury and a poor prognosis. Pyroptosis is a recently discovered form of programmed cell death that differs from apoptosis and necrosis and is mediated by gasdermin proteins. Pyroptosis is caused by multiple pathways that eventually form pores in the cell membrane, facilitating the release of inflammatory substances and causing the cell to rupture and die. Pyroptosis occurs in neurons, glial cells, and endothelial cells after ICH. Furthermore, pyroptosis causes cell death and releases inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, leading to a secondary immune-inflammatory response and further brain damage. The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1/gasdermin D (GSDMD) pathway plays the most critical role in pyroptosis after ICH. Pyroptosis can be inhibited by directly targeting NLRP3 or its upstream molecules, or directly interfering with caspase-1 expression and GSDMD formation, thus significantly improving the prognosis of ICH. The present review discusses key pathological pathways and regulatory mechanisms of pyroptosis after ICH and suggests possible intervention strategies to mitigate pyroptosis and brain dysfunction after ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengpan Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chi-Tai Yeh
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Fuyou Guo, ; Jian Wang, ; Chi-Tai Yeh,
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fuyou Guo, ; Jian Wang, ; Chi-Tai Yeh,
| | - Fuyou Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Fuyou Guo, ; Jian Wang, ; Chi-Tai Yeh,
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Wang MJ, Sun Y, Song Y, Ma JN, Wang ZQ, Ding XQ, Chen HY, Zhang XB, Song MM, Hu XM. Mechanism and Molecular Targets of Ejiao Siwu Decoction for Treating Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia Based on High-Performance Liquid Chromatograph, Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Cytokines Validation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:891230. [PMID: 35911404 PMCID: PMC9326259 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.891230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We explored the mechanisms and molecular targets of Ejiao Siwu Decoction (EJSW) for treating primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Active compounds of EJSW were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and their targets were obtained from HERB and SwissTargetPrediction, and ITP targets were obtained from Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) and GeneCards. STRING and Cytoscape were used for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses by WebGestalt yielded a gene-pathway network, Autodock molecular docking was applied to screen targets and active compounds, and cytokines were detected using a cytometric bead array (CBA) human inflammation kit. We identified 14 compounds and 129 targets, and 1,726 ITP targets. RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL6), caspase-3 (CASP3) and tumour suppressor protein (TP53) were core targets (nodes and edges). Functional annotation identified cofactor binding and coenzyme binding, and 20 significantly enriched pathways. Active compounds of EJSW were successfully docked with ITP targets. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were upregulated in ITP patients, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) were downregulated, and EJSW treatment reversed these trends. EJSW may regulate key ITP targets based on the in silico analyses, and protect vascular integrity through AGE-RAGE signalling, complement and coagulation cascades, and VEGF signalling by downregulating TNF-α, IL-1β and other inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jing Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Song
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ju Ning Ma
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zi Qing Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Qing Ding
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Yan Chen
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Bin Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Min Song
- Nankou Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Min Min Song,
| | - Xiao Mei Hu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Min Min Song,
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Xiao Y, Ren Q, Wu L. The pharmacokinetic property and pharmacological activity of acteoside: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113296. [PMID: 35724511 PMCID: PMC9212779 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Acteoside (AC), a phenylpropanoid glycoside isolated from many dicotyledonous plants, has been demonstrated various pharmacological activities, including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, neuroprotection, cardiovascular protection, anti-diabetes, bone and cartilage protection, hepatoprotection, and anti-microorganism. However, AC has a poor bioavailability, which can be potentially improved by different strategies. The health-promoting characteristics of AC can be attributed to its mediation in many signaling pathways, such as MAPK, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, TGFβ/Smad, and AMPK/mTOR. Interestingly, docking simulation study indicates that AC can be an effective candidate to inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV2 main protease and protect against COVID-19. Many clinical trials for AC have been investigated, and it shows great potentials in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaosheng Xiao
- Department of Orthopaetics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Qun Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Longhuo Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.
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The Neuroprotection of Verbascoside in Alzheimer’s Disease Mediated through Mitigation of Neuroinflammation via Blocking NF-κB-p65 Signaling. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071417. [PMID: 35406030 PMCID: PMC9003273 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Verbascoside (VB) is a phenylethanoid glycoside extracted from the herbaceous plant Verbascum sinuatum and plays a neuroprotective role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The goal of this study was to explore the neuroprotective mechanism of VB. Based on the proteomics analysis, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and ELISA were utilized to explore the neuroprotective mechanism of VB in context of neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice, LPS-induced BV2 cells, and/or Aβ1-42-stimulated N2a cells. Proteomic analysis demonstrated that the neuroprotection of VB correlated closely to its anti-inflammatory effect. VB significantly blocked microglia and astrocyte against activation in brains of APP/PS1 mice, suppressed the generation of IL-1β as well as IL-6, and boosted that of IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β in vivo, which were analogous to results acquired in vitro. Furthermore, VB effectively restrained the phosphorylation of IKKα+β, IκBα, and NF-κB-p65 in APP/PS1 mice; LPS-induced BV2 cells, and Aβ1-42-stimulated N2a cells and lowered the tendency of NF-κB-p65 translocation towards nucleus in vitro. These results demonstrate that the neuroprotective effect of VB correlates to the modulation of neuroinflammation via NF-κB-p65 pathway, making VB as a hopeful candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Chang JH, Chuang HC, Hsiao G, Hou TY, Wang CC, Huang SC, Li BY, Lee YL. Acteoside exerts immunomodulatory effects on dendritic cells via aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation and ameliorates Th2-mediated allergic asthma by inducing Foxp3 + regulatory T cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108603. [PMID: 35123286 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that play a key role in directing T-cell responses and are involved in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Acteoside, an active phenylethanoid glycoside, is widely distributed in many medicinal plants. Herein, we explored the immunomodulatory effects of acteoside on bone marrow-derived DCs in vitro, and further investigated the immunosuppressive ability of acteoside to manipulate T helper type 2 (Th2)-mediated allergic asthma in mice. Following lipopolysaccharide activation, 50 μM of acteoside significantly reduced the production of proinflammatory mediators, including interleukin (IL)-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, whereas it enhanced secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, by DCs. However, these effects of acteoside on DCs were reversed by pretreatment with CH223191, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) antagonist. Additionally, coculture of acteoside-treated DCs with CD4+ T cells promoted the generation of forkhead box P3-positive (Foxp3+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) via AhR activation. Using a murine asthma model, our results demonstrated that oral administration of 50 mg/kg of acteoside decreased levels of Th2-type cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, whereas the level of IL-10 and the frequency of CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs were augmented. Moreover, acteoside treatment markedly inhibited the elevated serum level of ovalbumin-specific immunoglobulin E, attenuated the development of airway hyperresponsiveness, and reduced inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Additionally, histological results reveled that acteoside ameliorated pulmonary inflammation in asthmatic mice. Taken together, these results indicated that acteoside exhibits immunomodulatory effects on DCs and plays an anti-inflammatory role in the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jer-Hwa Chang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - George Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yun Hou
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chun Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Yi Li
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chen X, Zhou Y, Wang S, Wang W. Mechanism of Baicalein in Brain Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Inhibiting the ROS/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway. Inflammation 2021; 45:590-602. [PMID: 34625906 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating subtype of stroke with high disability/mortality. Baicalein has strong anti-inflammatory activity. This study aims to explore the mechanism of baicalein on brain injury after ICH. The model of brain injury after ICH was established by collagenase induction, followed by the evaluation of neurological severity, brain water content, the degenerated neurons, neuronal apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ICH model was treated with baicalein or silencing NLRP3 to detect brain injury. The expression of NLRP3 inflammasome was detected after treatment with ROS scavenger. The expressions of oxidative stress markers and inflammatory factors were detected, and the levels of components in NLRP3 inflammasome were detected. Baicalein reduced the damage of nervous system, lesion surface, brain water content, and apoptosis. Baicalein inhibited malondialdehyde and increased IL-10 by inhibiting ROS in brain tissue after ICH. Baicalein inhibited the high expression of NLRP3 inflammasome in ICH. ROS scavenger inhibited the NLRP3 inflammatory response by inhibiting ROS levels. Silencing NLRP3 alleviated the brain injury after ICH by inhibiting excessive oxidative stress and inflammatory factors. Overall, baicalein alleviated the brain injury after ICH by inhibiting ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, No. 292 Kaixuan Road, Suiyang District, Shangqiu, Henan, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Cardiology First Ward, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 4 Chongshan East Street, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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