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Santos-Carrasco D, De la Casa LG. Prepulse inhibition deficit as a transdiagnostic process in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:226. [PMID: 37550772 PMCID: PMC10408198 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01253-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychopathological research is moving from a specific approach towards transdiagnosis through the analysis of processes that appear transversally to multiple pathologies. A phenomenon disrupted in several disorders is prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response, in which startle to an intense sensory stimulus, or pulse, is reduced if a weak stimulus, or prepulse, is previously presented. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS The present systematic review analyzed the role of PPI deficit as a possible transdiagnostic process for four main groups of neuropsychiatric disorders: (1) trauma-, stress-, and anxiety-related disorders (2) mood-related disorders, (3) neurocognitive disorders, and (4) other disorders such as obsessive-compulsive, tic-related, and substance use disorders. We used Web of Science, PubMed and PsycInfo databases to search for experimental case-control articles that were analyzed both qualitatively and based on their potential risk of bias. A total of 64 studies were included in this systematic review. Protocol was submitted prospectively to PROSPERO 04/30/2022 (CRD42022322031). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The results showed a general PPI deficit in the diagnostic groups mentioned, with associated deficits in the dopaminergic neurotransmission system, several areas implied such as the medial prefrontal cortex or the amygdala, and related variables such as cognitive deficits and anxiety symptoms. It can be concluded that the PPI deficit appears across most of the neuropsychiatric disorders examined, and it could be considered as a relevant measure in translational research for the early detection of such disorders.
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Ren W, Jia C, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Wang B, Yu W, Li S, Hu Y, Zhang H. A precise language network revealed by the independent component-based lesion mapping in post-stroke aphasia. Front Neurol 2022; 13:981653. [PMID: 36247758 PMCID: PMC9561861 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.981653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain lesion mapping studies have provided the strongest evidence regarding the neural basis of cognition. However, it remained a problem to identify symptom-specific brain networks accounting for observed clinical and neuroanatomical heterogeneity. Independent component analysis (ICA) is a statistical method that decomposes mixed signals into multiple independent components. We aimed to solve this issue by proposing an independent component-based lesion mapping (ICLM) method to identify the language network in patients with moderate to severe post-stroke aphasia. Lesions were first extracted from 49 patients with post-stroke aphasia as masks applied to fMRI data in a cohort of healthy participants to calculate the functional connectivity (FC) within the masks and non-mask brain voxels. ICA was further performed on a reformatted FC matrix to extract multiple independent networks. Specifically, we found that one of the lesion-related independent components (ICs) highly resembled classical language networks. Moreover, the damaged level within the language-related lesioned network is strongly associated with language deficits, including aphasia quotient, naming, and auditory comprehension scores. In comparison, none of the other two traditional lesion mapping methods found any regions responsible for language dysfunction. The language-related lesioned network extracted with the ICLM method showed high specificity in detecting aphasia symptoms compared with the performance of resting ICs and classical language networks. In total, we detected a precise language network in patients with aphasia and proved its efficiency in the relationship with language symptoms. In general, our ICLM could successfully identify multiple lesion-related networks from complicated brain diseases, and be used as an effective tool to study brain-behavior relationships and provide potential biomarkers of particular clinical behavioral deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Ren
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, Beijing, China
- University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunying Jia
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingdu Zhao
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Hearing and Language Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiyong Yu
- Department of Radiology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyi Li
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiru Hu
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, Beijing, China
- University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Hao Zhang
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Prigatano GP, Braga LW, Johnson SF, Souza LMN. Neuropsychological rehabilitation, neuroimaging and neuroplasticity: A clinical commentary. NeuroRehabilitation 2021; 49:255-265. [PMID: 34397433 PMCID: PMC8543255 DOI: 10.3233/nre-218024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Initial brain imaging studies on recovery of motor functioning after stroke suggested their potential prognostic value in neurorehabilitation. However, the value of brain imaging in documenting brain changes associated with cognitive and behavioral treatment effects seem less likely. Also, neuroimaging studies at that time seem to have little, if any, value for treatment planning. Advances in neuroimaging technology are beginning to challenge these initial impressions. In this clinical commentary, we propose that advances in the field of neuroimaging have relevance for the future development of neuropsychological rehabilitation. Neuropsychological rehabilitation is entering a new era that involves collaboration with neuroimaging and associated studies on neuroplasticity. We recognize that this may seem “aspirational” rather than practical in most rehabilitation settings. However, we provide examples of how this can be achieved as illustrated by collaborative efforts of clinicians and scientists in the SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals in Brazil. We also review selective papers on neuroplasticity, spontaneous recovery and diaschisis that have relevance for research which will expand and further develop the field of neuropsychological rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- George P Prigatano
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Lucia W Braga
- SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospitals, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Spring Flores Johnson
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Powell A, Tommerdahl M, Abbasi Y, Sumnall H, Montgomery C. A pilot study assessing the brain gauge as an indicator of cognitive recovery in alcohol dependence. Hum Psychopharmacol 2021; 36:e2782. [PMID: 33682954 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Alcohol dependence (AD) is associated with multiple cognitive deficits, which can affect treatment outcomes. Current measures of tracking brain recovery (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging) can be less accessible for practitioners. This study pilots a novel device (the brain gauge; BG) to assess its utility, and track recovery of cognitive function in residential alcohol treatment. METHODS A repeated measures design assessed changes in cognitive function during detoxification. Twenty-one participants with AD (16 Male; Mean age 43.85 ± 6.21) completed a battery of alcohol and memory questionnaires and BG tasks at two time-points (∼days 4 and 10) during a single managed detoxification episode. RESULTS Repeated measures ANCOVA revealed that some BG metrics significantly improved, with medium to large effect sizes - processing speed, focus, temporal order judgement and overall cortical metric. However, differences in subjective cognitive function were non-significant after controlling for depression and anxiety change scores. Anxiety change emerged as a significant factor in subjective cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS We conclude it is possible that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) recovers more slowly compared to other brain areas, and there are compounding effects of improvements in anxiety and depression, and metacognitive deficits on subjective EF assessments. Future research should seek to validate the clinical utility of the BG by comparing against established neuroimaging methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Powell
- Research Centre for Brain and Behaviour, School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark Tommerdahl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yasir Abbasi
- Maudsley Health - Al Amal Psychiatric Hospital, Dubai
| | - Harry Sumnall
- Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, Liverpool, UK
| | - Catharine Montgomery
- Research Centre for Brain and Behaviour, School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.,Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, Liverpool, UK
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Owen M, Guta MP. Physically Sufficient Neural Mechanisms of Consciousness. Front Syst Neurosci 2019; 13:24. [PMID: 31333422 PMCID: PMC6622321 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2019.00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural correlates of consciousness (for brevity NCC) are foundational to the scientific study of consciousness. Chalmers (2000) has provided the most informative and influential definition of NCC, according to which neural correlates are minimally sufficient for consciousness. However, the sense of sufficiency needs further clarification since there are several relevant senses with different entailments. In section one of this article, we give an overview of the desiderata for a good definition of NCC and Chalmers’s definition. The second section analyses the merit of understanding the sufficiency of neural correlates for corresponding consciousness according to three relevant types of sufficiency: logical, metaphysical, and physical. In section three, a theoretical approach to consciousness studies is suggested in light of the sense in which NCC are sufficient for consciousness. Section four addresses a concern some might have about this approach. By the end, it will become apparent that our conception of NCC has important implications for research methodology, neuroethics, and the vitality of the search for NCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Owen
- Department of Philosophy, Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA, United States
| | - Mihretu P Guta
- Department of Philosophy, Biola University, La Mirada, CA, United States.,Department of Philosophy, Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA, United States
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Abiko K, Shiga T, Katoh C, Hirata K, Kuge Y, Kobayashi K, Ikeda S, Ikoma K. Relationship between intelligence quotient (IQ) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen in patients with neurobehavioural disability after traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj 2018; 32:1367-1372. [DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1496478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kagari Abiko
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sapporo Azabu Neurosurgical Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tohru Shiga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hokkaido University School of medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Chietsugu Katoh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hokkaido University School of medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenji Hirata
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hokkaido University School of medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuji Kuge
- Department of Tracer kinetics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kobayashi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hokkaido University School of medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ikeda
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Ikoma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
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7
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Brain disease, connectivity, plasticity and cognitive therapy: A neurological view of mental disorders. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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Galetto V, Sacco K. Neuroplastic Changes Induced by Cognitive Rehabilitation in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2017; 31:800-813. [DOI: 10.1177/1545968317723748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. Cognitive deficits are among the most disabling consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI), leading to long-term outcomes and interfering with the individual’s recovery. One of the most effective ways to reduce the impact of cognitive disturbance in everyday life is cognitive rehabilitation, which is based on the principles of brain neuroplasticity and restoration. Although there are many studies in the literature focusing on the effectiveness of cognitive interventions in reducing cognitive deficits following TBI, only a few of them focus on neural modifications induced by cognitive treatment. The use of neuroimaging or neurophysiological measures to evaluate brain changes induced by cognitive rehabilitation may have relevant clinical implications, since they could add individualized elements to cognitive assessment. Nevertheless, there are no review studies in the literature investigating neuroplastic changes induced by cognitive training in TBI individuals. Objective. Due to lack of data, the goal of this article is to review what is currently known on the cerebral modifications following rehabilitation programs in chronic TBI. Methods. Studies investigating both the functional and structural neural modifications induced by cognitive training in TBI subjects were identified from the results of database searches. Forty-five published articles were initially selected. Of these, 34 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Results. Eleven studies were found that focused solely on the functional and neurophysiological changes induced by cognitive rehabilitation. Conclusions. Outcomes showed that cerebral activation may be significantly modified by cognitive rehabilitation, in spite of the severity of the injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Galetto
- Imaging and Cerebral Plasticity Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Centro Puzzle, Turin, Italy
| | - Katiuscia Sacco
- Imaging and Cerebral Plasticity Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Lubrini G, Martín-Montes A, Díez-Ascaso O, Díez-Tejedor E. Brain disease, connectivity, plasticity and cognitive therapy: A neurological view of mental disorders. Neurologia 2017; 33:187-191. [PMID: 28454990 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our conception of the mind-brain relationship has evolved from the traditional idea of dualism to current evidence that mental functions result from brain activity. This paradigm shift, combined with recent advances in neuroimaging, has led to a novel definition of brain functioning in terms of structural and functional connectivity. The purpose of this literature review is to describe the relationship between connectivity, brain lesions, cerebral plasticity, and functional recovery. DEVELOPMENT Assuming that brain function results from the organisation of the entire brain in networks, brain dysfunction would be a consequence of altered brain network connectivity. According to this approach, cognitive and behavioural impairment following brain damage result from disrupted functional organisation of brain networks. However, the dynamic and versatile nature of these circuits makes recovering brain function possible. Cerebral plasticity allows for functional reorganisation leading to recovery, whether spontaneous or resulting from cognitive therapy, after brain disease. CONCLUSIONS Current knowledge of brain connectivity and cerebral plasticity provides new insights into normal brain functioning, the mechanisms of brain damage, and functional recovery, which in turn serve as the foundations of cognitive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lubrini
- Servicio de Neurología, Centro de Ictus, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Área de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación IdiPAZ, Madrid, España
| | - A Martín-Montes
- Servicio de Neurología, Centro de Ictus, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Área de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación IdiPAZ, Madrid, España
| | - O Díez-Ascaso
- Servicio de Neurología, Centro de Ictus, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Área de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación IdiPAZ, Madrid, España
| | - E Díez-Tejedor
- Servicio de Neurología, Centro de Ictus, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Área de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación IdiPAZ, Madrid, España.
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10
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Boele FW, Grant R, Sherwood P. Challenges and support for family caregivers of glioma patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.12968/bjnn.2017.13.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin Grant
- Consultant neurologist, Edinburgh Centre for Neuro-Oncology
| | - Paula Sherwood
- Professor, University of Pittsburgh (Acute and Tertiary Care, School of Nursing)
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11
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Sacco K, Gabbatore I, Geda E, Duca S, Cauda F, Bara BG, Bosco FM. Rehabilitation of Communicative Abilities in Patients with a History of TBI: Behavioral Improvements and Cerebral Changes in Resting-State Activity. Front Behav Neurosci 2016; 10:48. [PMID: 27047353 PMCID: PMC4801860 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A targeted training program for the rehabilitation of communicative abilities—Cognitive Pragmatic Treatment (CPT)—has been developed and previously tested on a sample of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), whose performance was found to have improved. Since cortical plasticity has been recognized as the main mechanism of functional recovery, we investigated whether and how behavioral improvements following the training program are accompanied by brain modifications. Eight TBI patients took part in the training program and were behaviorally assessed pre- and post-treatment; six of these patients were also evaluated with pre- and post-treatment resting state (rs) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). At the end of the rehabilitation program patients showed improvement in overall communicative performance, in both comprehension and production tasks. A follow-up retest revealed the stability of these results 3 months after completing the training program. At the brain level, we found significant increases in the amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) index in the bilateral precentral gyrus, in the right middle and superior temporal gyri, in the right cingulate gyrus, and in the left inferior parietal lobule. We discuss these differences of brain activity in terms of their possible contribution to promoting recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuscia Sacco
- Imaging and Cerebral Plasticity Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of TurinTurin, Italy; Center for Cognitive Science, Department of Psychology, University of TurinTurin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of TurinTurin, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gabbatore
- Faculty of Humanities, Research Unit of Logopedics, Child Language Research Center, University of Oulu Oulu, Finland
| | - Elisabetta Geda
- Imaging and Cerebral Plasticity Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Turin Turin, Italy
| | - Sergio Duca
- Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of TurinTurin, Italy; GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital, Department of Psychology, University of TurinTurin, Italy
| | - Franco Cauda
- Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of TurinTurin, Italy; GCS-fMRI, Koelliker Hospital, Department of Psychology, University of TurinTurin, Italy
| | - Bruno G Bara
- Center for Cognitive Science, Department of Psychology, University of TurinTurin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of TurinTurin, Italy
| | - Francesca M Bosco
- Center for Cognitive Science, Department of Psychology, University of TurinTurin, Italy; Neuroscience Institute of Turin, University of TurinTurin, Italy
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12
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Cullen B, Brennan D, Manly T, Evans JJ. Towards Validation of a New Computerised Test of Goal Neglect: Preliminary Evidence from Clinical and Neuroimaging Pilot Studies. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148127. [PMID: 26824704 PMCID: PMC4732681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Goal neglect is a significant problem following brain injury, and is a target for rehabilitation. It is not yet known how neural activation might change to reflect rehabilitation gains. We developed a computerised multiple elements test (CMET), suitable for use in neuroimaging paradigms. Design Pilot correlational study and event-related fMRI study. Methods In Study 1, 18 adults with acquired brain injury were assessed using the CMET, other tests of goal neglect (Hotel Test; Modified Six Elements Test) and tests of reasoning. In Study 2, 12 healthy adults underwent fMRI, during which the CMET was administered under two conditions: self-generated switching and experimenter-prompted switching. Results Among the clinical sample, CMET performance was positively correlated with both the Hotel Test (r = 0.675, p = 0.003) and the Modified Six Elements Test (r = 0.568, p = 0.014), but not with other clinical or demographic measures. In the healthy sample, fMRI demonstrated significant activation in rostro-lateral prefrontal cortex in the self-generated condition compared with the prompted condition (peak 40, 44, 4; ZE = 4.25, p(FWEcorr) = 0.026). Conclusions These pilot studies provide preliminary evidence towards the validation of the CMET as a measure of goal neglect. Future studies will aim to further establish its psychometric properties, and determine optimum pre- and post-rehabilitation fMRI paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breda Cullen
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - David Brennan
- Department of Clinical Physics, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Manly
- Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan J. Evans
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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13
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Convento S, Russo C, Zigiotto L, Bolognini N. Transcranial Electrical Stimulation in Post-Stroke Cognitive Rehabilitation. EUROPEAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2016. [DOI: 10.1027/1016-9040/a000238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Cognitive rehabilitation is an important area of neurological rehabilitation, which aims at the treatment of cognitive disorders due to acquired brain damage of different etiology, including stroke. Although the importance of cognitive rehabilitation for stroke survivors is well recognized, available cognitive treatments for neuropsychological disorders, such as spatial neglect, hemianopia, apraxia, and working memory, are overall still unsatisfactory. The growing body of evidence supporting the potential of the transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES) as tool for interacting with neuroplasticity in the human brain, in turn for enhancing perceptual and cognitive functions, has obvious implications for the translation of this noninvasive brain stimulation technique into clinical settings, in particular for the development of tES as adjuvant tool for cognitive rehabilitation. The present review aims at presenting the current state of art concerning the use of tES for the improvement of post-stroke visual and cognitive deficits (except for aphasia and memory disorders), showing the therapeutic promises of this technique and offering some suggestions for the design of future clinical trials. Although this line of research is still in infancy, as compared to the progresses made in the last years in other neurorehabilitation domains, current findings appear very encouraging, supporting the development of tES for the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Convento
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Russo
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Zigiotto
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Bolognini
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- NeuroMi – Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
The brain is highly plastic after stroke or epilepsy; however, there is a paucity of brain plasticity investigation after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This mini review summarizes the most recent evidence of brain plasticity in human TBI patients from the perspective of advanced magnetic resonance imaging. Similar to other forms of acquired brain injury, TBI patients also demonstrated both structural reorganization as well as functional compensation by the recruitment of other brain regions. However, the large scale brain network alterations after TBI are still unknown, and the field is still short of proper means on how to guide the choice of TBI rehabilitation or treatment plan to promote brain plasticity. The authors also point out the new direction of brain plasticity investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Kou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA ; Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Armin Iraji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Hayden ME, Plenger P, Bison K, Kowalske K, Masel B, Qualls D. Treatment effect versus pretreatment recovery in persons with traumatic brain injury: a study regarding the effectiveness of postacute rehabilitation. PM R 2013; 5:319-27; quiz 327. [PMID: 23375632 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate functional improvement following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) after admission to a postacute treatment facility, focusing on the time since injury and analysis of recovery by degree of impairment at admission. DESIGN A retrospective study of patients who received treatment at a postacute rehabilitation facility. SETTING Postacute rehabilitation for persons with acquired brain injury that involved transdisciplinary teams. PATIENTS Patients (n = 1274) were admitted for treatment less than 5 years after TBI and were assessed on our outcome measures at least 3 times. The patients were then grouped by the time since injury and the severity of impairment at admission. METHODS Patients received comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment 5 days per week, 6 hours per day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Function was assessed by using the Pate Environmentally Relevant Program Outcome System (PERPOS) scale at admission, discharge, and approximately every 2 weeks during treatment. By using these assessment scores, the rate and degree of improvement were monitored. RESULTS Postacute rehabilitation yielded significant gains in functioning, with 69% of all patients who demonstrated clinically meaningful gains. The time since injury had a significant impact on gains made in rehabilitation (Ftime × time-since-treatment group interaction = 17.75; P < .001), with the 0-3 months post injury group outperforming each other group (P < .001 for each comparison). This effect was statistically significant (P < .001) for each of the 3 severity-at-intake subgroups analyzed but was stronger for the severe (F314 = 9.05) and moderate-to-severe (F425 = 7.32) than for the mild-to-moderate (F533 = 2.95) severity-at-intake groups. CONCLUSIONS Postacute rehabilitation is associated with functional gains for individuals with TBI beyond what can be explained by undirected recovery. These findings provide evidence for postacute rehabilitation as effective care after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ellen Hayden
- Pate Rehabilitation, 2655 Villa Creek Drive, Suite 140, Dallas, TX 74254, USA.
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16
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Kim J, Whyte J, Patel S, Europa E, Slattery J, Coslett HB, Detre JA. A perfusion fMRI study of the neural correlates of sustained-attention and working-memory deficits in chronic traumatic brain injury. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2012; 26:870-80. [PMID: 22357634 PMCID: PMC5650500 DOI: 10.1177/1545968311434553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given that traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in chronic alteration of baseline cerebral perfusion, a perfusion functional MRI (fMRI) method that dissociates resting- and task-related cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes can be useful in noninvasively investigating the neural correlates of cognitive dysfunction and recovery in TBI. OBJECTIVE The authors used continuous arterial spin-labeled (ASL) perfusion fMRI to characterize CBF at rest and during sustained-attention and working-memory tasks. METHODS A total of 18 to 21 individuals with moderate to severe TBI and 14 to 18 demographically matched healthy controls completed 3 continuous 6-minute perfusion fMRI scans (resting, visual sustained attention, and 2-back working memory). RESULTS For both tasks, TBI participants showed worse behavioral performance than controls. Voxelwise neuroimaging analysis of the 2-back task found that group differences in task-induced CBF changes were localized to bilateral superior occipital cortices and the left superior temporal cortex. Whereas controls deactivated these areas during task performance, TBI participants tended to activate these same areas. These regions were among those found to be disproportionately hypoperfused at rest after TBI. For both tasks, the control and TBI groups showed different patterns of correlation between performance and task-related CBF changes. CONCLUSIONS ASL perfusion fMRI demonstrated differences between individuals with TBI and healthy controls in resting perfusion and in task-evoked CBF changes as well as different patterns of performance-activation correlation. These results are consistent with the notion that sensory/attentional modulation deficits contribute to higher cognitive dysfunction in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghoon Kim
- Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Albert Einstein Healthcare Network, Elkins Park, PA 19027, USA.
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Cramer SC, Sur M, Dobkin BH, O'Brien C, Sanger TD, Trojanowski JQ, Rumsey JM, Hicks R, Cameron J, Chen D, Chen WG, Cohen LG, deCharms C, Duffy CJ, Eden GF, Fetz EE, Filart R, Freund M, Grant SJ, Haber S, Kalivas PW, Kolb B, Kramer AF, Lynch M, Mayberg HS, McQuillen PS, Nitkin R, Pascual-Leone A, Reuter-Lorenz P, Schiff N, Sharma A, Shekim L, Stryker M, Sullivan EV, Vinogradov S. Harnessing neuroplasticity for clinical applications. Brain 2011; 134:1591-609. [PMID: 21482550 PMCID: PMC3102236 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 620] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroplasticity can be defined as the ability of the nervous system to respond to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli by reorganizing its structure, function and connections. Major advances in the understanding of neuroplasticity have to date yielded few established interventions. To advance the translation of neuroplasticity research towards clinical applications, the National Institutes of Health Blueprint for Neuroscience Research sponsored a workshop in 2009. Basic and clinical researchers in disciplines from central nervous system injury/stroke, mental/addictive disorders, paediatric/developmental disorders and neurodegeneration/ageing identified cardinal examples of neuroplasticity, underlying mechanisms, therapeutic implications and common denominators. Promising therapies that may enhance training-induced cognitive and motor learning, such as brain stimulation and neuropharmacological interventions, were identified, along with questions of how best to use this body of information to reduce human disability. Improved understanding of adaptive mechanisms at every level, from molecules to synapses, to networks, to behaviour, can be gained from iterative collaborations between basic and clinical researchers. Lessons can be gleaned from studying fields related to plasticity, such as development, critical periods, learning and response to disease. Improved means of assessing neuroplasticity in humans, including biomarkers for predicting and monitoring treatment response, are needed. Neuroplasticity occurs with many variations, in many forms, and in many contexts. However, common themes in plasticity that emerge across diverse central nervous system conditions include experience dependence, time sensitivity and the importance of motivation and attention. Integration of information across disciplines should enhance opportunities for the translation of neuroplasticity and circuit retraining research into effective clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Cramer
- Department of Neurology, UC Irvine Medical Centre, 101 The City Drive South, Bldg 53, Rm 203, Orange, CA 92868-4280, USA.
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18
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Neural Plasticity After Acquired Brain Injury: Evidence from Functional Neuroimaging. PM R 2010; 2:S306-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Castellanos NP, Paúl N, Ordóñez VE, Demuynck O, Bajo R, Campo P, Bilbao A, Ortiz T, del-Pozo F, Maestú F. Reorganization of functional connectivity as a correlate of cognitive recovery in acquired brain injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 133:2365-81. [PMID: 20826433 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive processes require a functional interaction between specialized multiple, local and remote brain regions. Although these interactions can be strongly altered by an acquired brain injury, brain plasticity allows network reorganization to be principally responsible for recovery. The present work evaluates the impact of brain injury on functional connectivity patterns. Networks were calculated from resting-state magnetoencephalographic recordings from 15 brain injured patients and 14 healthy controls by means of wavelet coherence in standard frequency bands. We compared the parameters defining the network, such as number and strength of interactions as well as their topology, in controls and patients for two conditions: following a traumatic brain injury and after a rehabilitation treatment. A loss of delta- and theta-based connectivity and conversely an increase in alpha- and beta-band-based connectivity were found. Furthermore, connectivity parameters approached controls in all frequency bands, especially in slow-wave bands. A correlation between network reorganization and cognitive recovery was found: the reduction of delta-band-based connections and the increment of those based on alpha band correlated with Verbal Fluency scores, as well as Perceptual Organization and Working Memory Indexes, respectively. Additionally, changes in connectivity values based on theta and beta bands correlated with the Patient Competency Rating Scale. The current study provides new evidence of the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying neuronal plasticity processes after brain injury, and suggests that these changes are related with observed changes at the behavioural level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazareth P Castellanos
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Centre for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain.
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Harirchian MH, Rezvanizadeh A, Fakhri M, Oghabian MA, Ghoreishi A, Zarei M, Firouznia K, Ghanaati H. Non-invasive brain mapping of motor-related areas of four limbs in patients with clinically isolated syndrome compared to healthy normal controls. J Clin Neurosci 2010; 17:736-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2008] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Boyd LA, Vidoni ED, Daly JJ. Answering the call: the influence of neuroimaging and electrophysiological evidence on rehabilitation. Phys Ther 2007; 87:684-703. [PMID: 17429001 DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20060164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Functional recovery after brain damage or disease is dependent on the neuroplastic capability of the cortex and the nonaffected brain. Following cortical injury in the motor and sensory regions, the adjacent spared neural tissues and related areas undergo modifications that are required in order to drive more normal motor control. Current rehabilitation models seek to stimulate functional recovery by capitalizing on the inherent potential of the brain for positive reorganization after neurological injury or disease. This article discusses how neuroimaging and electrophysiological data can inform clinical practice; representative data from the modalities of functional magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetoencephalography, electroencephalography, and positron emission tomography are cited. Data from a variety of central nervous system disease and damage models are presented to illustrate how rehabilitation practices are beginning to be shaped and informed by neuroimaging and electrophysiological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara A Boyd
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 2B5.
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Abstract
Most patients show improvement in the weeks or months after a stroke. Recovery is incomplete, however, leaving most with significant impairment and disability. Because the brain does not grow back to an appreciable extent, this recovery occurs on the basis of change in function of surviving tissues. Brain mapping studies have characterized a number of processes and principles relevant to recovery from stroke in humans. The findings have potential application to improving therapeutics that aim to restore function after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuray Yozbatiran
- />Departments of Neurology and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, 92868 Irvine, California
- />School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Steven C. Cramer
- />Departments of Neurology and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, 92868 Irvine, California
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