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Generalova Y, Sipkina N, Alekseeva G. Determination of related impurities in a new active pharmaceutical ingredient – Sodium 4,4′-(propanediamido)dibenzoate. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shah M, Patel N, Tripathi N, Vyas VK. Capillary electrophoresis methods for impurity profiling of drugs: A review of the past decade. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:15-28. [PMID: 35573874 PMCID: PMC9073252 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is widely used for the impurity profiling of drugs that contain stereochemical centers in their structures, analysis of biomolecules, and characterization of biopharmaceuticals. Currently, CE is the method of choice for the analysis of foodstuffs and the determination of adulterants. This article discusses the general theory and instrumentation of CE as well as the classification of various CE techniques. It also presents an overview of research on the applications of different CE techniques in the impurity profiling of drugs in the past decade. The review briefly presents a comparison between CE and liquid chromatography methods and highlights the strengths of CE using drug compounds as examples. This review will help scientists, fellow researchers, and students to understand the applications of CE techniques in the impurity profiling of drugs. An overview of research related to the use of capillary electrophoresis in the impurity profiling of drugs is presented. The principle, instrumentation, and different types of capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods are outlined here. Applications of different of CE methods with the chemical structures of drugs and their impurities are highlighted. A brief description is also provided on the analysis of Pharmacopeial monographs using CE methods. A comparison of CE with liquid chromatography for impurity profiling and analysis of drugs is presented in this review.
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Badulla WFS, Dal Poçan AG, Atkoşar Z, Arlı G. Capillary Electrophoresis Method for Determination of Escitalopram Oxalate in Urine Samples and Different Dosage Forms. J Chromatogr Sci 2020; 58:759-769. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmaa036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Application of capillary electrophoresis (CE) has become a rapidly growing analytical technique for the estimation of drugs in pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological fluids. In this study, an effective and sensitive method was developed for the determination of escitalopram oxalate (ESC-OX) by CE with diode-array detection at 200 nm. The separation was achieved by a fused silica capillary with 40 cm effective length (48.5 cm total, 75 μm i.d.). The background electrolyte was composed of 15 mM phosphate buffer (pH 2.5). The applied potential was 22.5 kV, and the samples were injected at 50 mbar pressure for 10 s. Metoprolol was used as an internal standard (IS). The migration time under these optimum conditions was 6.51 ± 0.07 and 6.73 ± 0.08 min for ESC-OX and IS, respectively, with total run time 7 min. The method was validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity and sensitivity. The limit of detection was calculated as 3.85 and 5.07 ng mL−1 for standard and urine samples, respectively. The developed method was employed successfully for the determination of ESC-OX in different pharmaceutical dosage forms and spiked human urine after simple liquid–liquid extraction with good recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa F S Badulla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aden University, Al-Jumhuriah St., Khormakser District, Aden, Yemen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Yunusemre Kampüsü, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Arın G Dal Poçan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Yunusemre Kampüsü, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zeki Atkoşar
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Yunusemre Kampüsü, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Göksel Arlı
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Yunusemre Kampüsü, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Adamova EM, Ivanov VM. Methods for the determination of local anesthetic agents. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934816120029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Székely-Szentmiklósi B, Hancu G, Székely-Szentmiklósi I, Kovács B, Kelemen H. Simultaneous determination of atorvastatin and ezetimibe from combined pharmaceutical products by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000116122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Kanakapura B, Penmatsa VK. Analytical methods for determination of terbinafine hydrochloride in pharmaceuticals and biological materials. J Pharm Anal 2016; 6:137-149. [PMID: 29403974 PMCID: PMC5762490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Terbinafine is a new powerful antifungal agent indicated for both oral and topical treatment of mycosessince. It is highly effective in the treatment of determatomycoses. The chemical and pharmaceutical analysis of the drug requires effective analytical methods for quality control and pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies. Ever since it was introduced as an effective antifungal agent, many methods have been developed and validated for its assay in pharmaceuticals and biological materials. This article reviews the various methods reported during the last 25 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basavaiah Kanakapura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Vamsi Krishna Penmatsa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
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Kanakapura B, Penmatsa VK. A Review of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Nateglinide in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Samples. Pharm Chem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-016-1386-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Maruszak W, Cybulski M. Simultaneous determination of the counter ion and possible impurity from the synthetic route in the pharmaceutical substance prasugrel hydrochloride. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 105:32-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sieradzka E, Witt K, Milnerowicz H. The application of capillary electrophoresis techniques in toxicological analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1507-13. [PMID: 24828301 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) comprises a group of techniques used to separate chemical mixtures. Analytical separation is based on different electrophoretic mobilities, thereby allowing qualitative and quantitative evaluations to be made. The application of CE in medical science, especially in toxicological studies, is developing rapidly because of the short time required for analysis and its high sensitivity, selectivity and ability to determine substances of an acidic, alkaline and neutral character. This review focuses on the possibility of applying CE in toxicological analysis. Advances in different CE analyses and detection techniques connected with this method are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Sieradzka
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
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Stability-indicating capillary zone electrophoresis method for the assessment of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and its correlation with reversed-phase liquid chromatography method and bioassay. Talanta 2012; 94:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Multivariate Optimization and Validation of a CZE Method for the Analysis of Pridinol Mesylate and Meloxicam in Tablets. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-011-2108-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sangoi MS, Wrasse-Sangoi M, Oliveira PR, Rolim CMB, Steppe M. Simultaneous determination of aliskiren and hydrochlorothiazide from their pharmaceutical preparations using a validated stability-indicating MEKC method. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:1859-66. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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DALMORA SL, NOGUEIRA DR, D’AVILA FB, SOUTO RB, LEAL DP. Development and Validation of a Stability-indicating Capillary Zone Electrophoretic Method for the Assessment of Entecavir and Its Correlation with Liquid Chromatographic Methods. ANAL SCI 2011; 27:265-70. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.27.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Diogo Paim LEAL
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria
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Elbashir AA, Aboul-Enein HY. Applications of capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (CE-C4D) in pharmaceutical and biological analysis. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 24:1038-44. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Recent advances of capillary electrophoresis in pharmaceutical analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:29-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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17
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Saka C. Review of Analytical Methods for Identification and Determination of Triptans. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10408340802569522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Amini A, Lodén H, Pettersson C, Arvidsson T. Principles for different modes of multiple-injection CZE. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:3952-8. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Lodén H, Pettersson C, Arvidsson T, Amini A. Quantitative determination of salbutamol in tablets by multiple-injection capillary zone electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1207:181-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2008] [Revised: 08/11/2008] [Accepted: 08/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nogueira DR, da Silva Sangoi M, da Silva LM, Todeschini V, Dalmora SL. Determination of rupatadine in pharmaceutical formulations by a validated stability-indicating MEKC method. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:3098-105. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Mol R, de Jong GJ, Somsen GW. Cyclodextrin-based nonaqueous electrokinetic chromatography with UV and mass spectrometric detection: Application to the impurity profiling of amiodarone. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:3575-81. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Jankovics P, Németh T, Németh-Palotás J, Kőszegi-Szalai H. Amlodipine Besilate Screening in Pharmaceutical Preparations by CE. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0620-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Dalmora SL, Sangoi MDS, da Silva LM, Macedo RO, Barth T. Validation of a capillary zone electrophoresis method for the comparative determination of etoricoxib in pharmaceutical formulations. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:169-76. [PMID: 18069701 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200700272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A CZE method was developed and validated for the analysis of etoricoxib in pharmaceutical dosage forms, using prilocaine as an internal standard. The CZE method was carried out on a fused-silica capillary (50 microm id, effective length 40 cm). The BGE consisted of 25 mM tris-phosphate solution at pH 2.5. The capillary temperature was maintained at 35 degrees C, the applied voltage was 25 kV, the injection was performed using the pressure mode at 50 mbar for 5 s, with detection at 234 nm using a photodiode array detector. The method was linear in the range of 2-150 microg/mL (r(2) = 0.9999). The specificity and stability-indicating capability were proven through the degradation studies and showing also that there was no interference of the excipients of the formulation. The accuracy was 99.49% with RSD of 0.66%. The limits of quantitation and detection were 2 and 0.58 microg/mL, respectively. Moreover, method validation demonstrated acceptable results for the precision, sensitivity, and robustness. The proposed method was successfully applied for the quantitative analysis of etoricoxib pharmaceutical formulations, and the results compared to the HPLC and LC-MS/MS methods, showing nonsignificant difference (p >0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Luiz Dalmora
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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7 Overview of current regulatory guidance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0149-6395(07)00007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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DALMORA SL, OLIVEIRA PR, BARTH T, TODESCHINI V. Development and Validation of a Stability-indicating Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography Method for the Determination of Ezetimibe in Pharmaceutical Formulations. ANAL SCI 2008; 24:499-503. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.24.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio L. DALMORA
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Health Science Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria
| | - Paulo R. OLIVEIRA
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Health Science Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria
| | - Thiago BARTH
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Health Science Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria
| | - Vítor TODESCHINI
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Health Science Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria
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Dalmora SL, Fronza M, Nogueira DR, Souto RB, Bernardi RM. Simultaneous Determination of Nimesulide and Valdecoxib by Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography Method. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070701588588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Luiz Dalmora
- a Department of Industrial Pharmacy , Health Science Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria‐RS, Brazil
| | - Márcio Fronza
- a Department of Industrial Pharmacy , Health Science Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria‐RS, Brazil
| | - Daniele Rubert Nogueira
- a Department of Industrial Pharmacy , Health Science Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria‐RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bizogne Souto
- a Department of Industrial Pharmacy , Health Science Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria‐RS, Brazil
| | - Raquel Martini Bernardi
- a Department of Industrial Pharmacy , Health Science Centre, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria‐RS, Brazil
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Çelebier M, Altinöz S. Development of a CZE Method for the Determination of Olmesartan Medoxomil in Tablets. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0424-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Suratman A, Wätzig H. Reproducible protein analysis by CE using linear polyacrylamide-coated capillaries and hydrochloric acid rinsing. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:2324-8. [PMID: 17539040 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Hydrochloric acid was investigated as a rinsing reagent to remove adsorbed proteins from linear polyacrylamide-coated capillaries for electrophoresis. Three model proteins were used, namely cytochrome c as a basic protein, beta-lactoglobulin as an acidic protein, and beta-casein as a more easily denaturing protein. In order to regenerate capillary surfaces, they have been rinsed for 5 min with 2 M hydrochloric acid, 5 min with water, and then 30 min with buffer after every tenth run. It was found important to perform this regeneration procedure on time. The obtained results show good repeatability of the apparent EOF mobility with percentage RSDs below 3% (n = 60) in various cases. These good results were mainly confirmed in long-term series with more than 200 runs each. Only very high concentrations (175 microM) of beta-lactoglobulin and beta-casein at pH 3.5 gave RSD% values above 5%. For these conditions, the further test of 85% m/m phosphoric acid as rinsing reagent showed a good repeatability of the apparent EOF mobilities as well.
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