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Thayumanasundaram S, Venkatesan TR, Ousset A, Van Hollebeke K, Aerts L, Wübbenhorst M, Van den Mooter G. Complementarity of mDSC, DMA, and DRS Techniques in the Study of Tg and Sub- Tg Transitions in Amorphous Solids: PVPVA, Indomethacin, and Amorphous Solid Dispersions Based on Indomethacin/PVPVA. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:2299-2315. [PMID: 35674392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, glasses, a subset of amorphous solids, have gained attention in various fields, such as polymer chemistry, optical fibers, and pharmaceuticals. One of their characteristic features, the glass transition temperature (Tg) which is absent in 100% crystalline materials, influences several material properties, such as free volume, enthalpy, viscosity, thermodynamic transitions, molecular motions, physical stability, mechanical properties, etc. In addition to Tg, there may be several other temperature-dependent transitions known as sub-Tg transitions (or β-, γ-, and δ-relaxations) which are identified by specific analytical techniques. The study of Tg and sub-Tg transitions occurring in amorphous solids has gained much attention because of its importance in understanding molecular kinetics, and it requires the combination of conventional and novel characterization techniques. In the present study, three different analytical techniques [modulated differential scanning calorimetry (mDSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS)] were used to perform comprehensive qualitative/quantitative characterization of molecular relaxations, miscibility, and molecular interactions present in an amorphous polymer (PVPVA), a model drug (indomethacin, IND), and IND/PVPVA-based amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). This is the first ever reported DMA study on PVPVA in its powder form, which avoids the contribution of solvent to the mechanical properties when a self-standing polymer film is used. A good correlation between the techniques in determining the Tg value of PVPVA, IND, and IND/PVPVA-based ASDs is established, and the negligible difference (within 10 °C) is attributed to the different material properties assessed in each technique. However, the overall Tg behavior, the decrease in Tg with increase in drug loading in ASDs, is universally observed in all the above-mentioned techniques, which reveals their complementarity. DMA and DRS techniques are used to study the different sub-Tg transitions present in PVPVA, amorphous IND, and IND/PVPVA-based ASDs because these transitions are normally too weak or too broad for mDSC to detect. For IND/PVPVA-based ASDs, both techniques show a shift of sub-Tg transitions (or secondary relaxation peaks) toward the high-temperature region from -140 to -45 °C. Thus, this paper outlines the usage of different solid-state characterization techniques in understanding the different molecular dynamics present in the polymer, drug, and their interactions in ASDs with the integrated information obtained from individual techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thulasinath Raman Venkatesan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.,Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Aymeric Ousset
- Department of Product Design and Performance, UCB Pharma, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Kim Van Hollebeke
- Department of Product Design and Performance, UCB Pharma, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
| | - Luc Aerts
- Department of Product Design and Performance, UCB Pharma, 1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
| | | | - Guy Van den Mooter
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Topical Film-Forming Chlorhexidine Gluconate Sprays for Antiseptic Application. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061124. [PMID: 35745696 PMCID: PMC9229052 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Topical film-forming sprays of chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG-FFS) were developed for antiseptic application. Various polymers and solvents were studied for their potential as film-forming polymers and solvent systems, respectively. To produce CHG-FFS, the optimal polymer and solvent were selected, and their physicochemical properties were evaluated. The in vivo evaluation of CHG-FFS was investigated for the satisfaction of the dosage forms, time required for the film formation, film appearance, and adhesion on the skin. Antibacterial activity was also studied in vitro and in vivo. The optimized formulation was assessed for the in vitro cell line evaluations of the cytotoxicity and wound healing. The results demonstrate that Eudragit® S100, Eudragit® L100, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) have the ability to be used as film-forming polymers in an ethanolic solution. A clear and flexible film was obtained from transparent homogenous solutions of CHG-FFS after actuation. They generated the fast thin film formation on the skin with the satisfaction of the dosage forms. Furthermore, the formulations inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and provided antiseptic activity in vivo. However, PVA was found to be an optimal film-forming polymer for promoting CHG adhesion on the skin. The CHG-FFS obtained from the PVA also provided a CHG film, which was non-toxic to human skin cells and did not interfere with the wound healing process. Therefore, the developed CHG-FFS could be a promising candidate for topical antiseptic application.
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Zaitoon A, Lim LT, Scott-Dupree C. Activated release of ethyl formate vapor from its precursor encapsulated in ethyl Cellulose/Poly(Ethylene oxide) electrospun nonwovens intended for active packaging of fresh produce. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Ma X, Liu Y, Fan L, Yan W. Ethyl cellulose particles loaded with α-tocopherol for inhibiting thermal oxidation of soybean oil. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 252:117169. [PMID: 33183619 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Most endogenous antioxidants degrade and lose efficiency during frying. The study aimed to inhibit thermal oxidation of soybean oil by fabricating α-tocopherol loaded particles with ethyl cellulose (EC) of different viscosity grades (M9, M70 and M200) via anti-solvent method. As the viscosity of ethyl cellulose increased, particle size decreased from micrometer to nanometer. Confocal laser scanning microscope confirmed successful encapsulation and uniform distribution of α-tocopherol in the loaded particles. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that loaded particles protected α-tocopherol from oxidation and degradation. Meanwhile, Fourier transformed infrared demonstrated that α-tocopherol interacted with EC through hydrogen bond and hydrophobic effects. With excellent dispersibility in soybean oil, loaded particles effectively inhibited thermal oxidation of soybean oil and loaded M200 nanoparticles was the most effective, which performed far better than tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ). Therefore, the nanoparticles offered a promising way to enhance oxidative stability of oils during thermal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Liuping Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Weiqiang Yan
- Huineng Biotechnology (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd, Huaian, 223000, China
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5
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
Polymers are essential components of many drug delivery systems and biomedical products. Despite the utility of many currently available polymers, there exists a demand for materials with improved characteristics and functionality. Due to the extensive safety testing required for new excipient approval, the introduction and use of new polymers is considerably limited. The blending of currently approved polymers provides a valuable solution by which the limitations of individual polymers can be addressed.
Main body
Polymer blends combine two or more polymers resulting in improved, augmented, or customized properties and functionality which can result in significant advantages in drug delivery applications. This review discusses the rationale for the use of polymer blends and blend polymer-polymer interactions. It provides examples of their use in commercially marketed products and drug delivery systems. Examples of polymer blends in amorphous solid dispersions and biodegradable systems are also discussed. A classification scheme for polymer blends based on the level of material processing and interaction is presented.
Conclusion
The use of polymer blends represents a valuable and under-utilized resource in addressing a diverse range of drug delivery challenges. It is anticipated that new drug molecule development challenges such as bioavailability enhancement and the demand for enabling excipients will lead to increased applications of polymer blends in pharmaceutical products.
Graphical abstract
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Design, fabrication and characterisation of drug-loaded vaginal films: State-of-the-art. J Control Release 2020; 327:477-499. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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7
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Heredia-Guerrero JA, Ceseracciu L, Guzman-Puyol S, Paul UC, Alfaro-Pulido A, Grande C, Vezzulli L, Bandiera T, Bertorelli R, Russo D, Athanassiou A, Bayer IS. Antimicrobial, antioxidant, and waterproof RTV silicone-ethyl cellulose composites containing clove essential oil. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 192:150-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cheng L, Gai X, Wen H, Liu D, Tang X, Wang Y, Wang T, Pan W, Yang X. Aqueous Polymer Dispersion Coating Used for Osmotic Pump Tablets: Membrane Property Investigation and IVIVC Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:242-250. [PMID: 28695327 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0837-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the fundamental properties of propranolol hydrochloride osmotic pump tablets coated by aqueous polymer dispersion, simultaneously exploring the in vitro and in vivo correlation of the tablet. The physicochemical properties and parameters of aqueous polymer dispersion membranes (SEM, water uptake, and water vapor transmission coefficient) were investigated. In addition, the release behavior and the in vitro release and in vivo absorption profiles of the tablets coated by aqueous polymer dispersion were investigated by comparing with propranolol hydrochloride osmotic pump tablets coated by an organic solvent. Results showed that the similarity factor (f 2) between cellulose acetate-coated tablet and Eudragit-coated tablet was 78.1, and f 2 between cellulose acetate-coated tablet and Kollicoat-coated tablet was 77.6. The linear IVIVC of Eudragit-coated and Kollicoat-coated osmotic pump tablets was determined, which confirmed excellent correlation between the absorption in vivo and the drug release in vitro. Consequently, the membrane coated by aqueous polymer dispersion or organic solvent has similar in vitro release rates of controlled release. Also, compared with organic solvent coating, aqueous polymer dispersion has numerous advantages, such as reduced toxicity and no environmental damage. Therefore, the aqueous polymer dispersion technology has enormous potential as a replacement of organic solvent coating.
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Sritharadol R, Nakpheng T, Wan Sia Heng P, Srichana T. Development of a topical mupirocin spray for antibacterial and wound-healing applications. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:1715-1728. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1339077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rutthapol Sritharadol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Titpawan Nakpheng
- Nanotech-PSU Excellence Center on Drug Delivery System, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Paul Wan Sia Heng
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Teerapol Srichana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Nanotech-PSU Excellence Center on Drug Delivery System, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
- Drug Delivery System Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
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Rajabi-Siahboomi AR, Mehta RY, Ambudkar V, Dias V, Tiwari S. Ethylcellulose Applications in Multiparticulate Systems. ADVANCES IN DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7012-4_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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11
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A study on the plasticization of sustained release coatings for their ability to withstand the damaging effects of compaction on coated pellets. Asian J Pharm Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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12
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Yang D, Peng X, Zhong L, Cao X, Chen W, Zhang X, Liu S, Sun R. “Green” films from renewable resources: Properties of epoxidized soybean oil plasticized ethyl cellulose films. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 103:198-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Meng X, Yang D, Keyvan G, Michniak-Kohn B, Mitra S. Synthesis and immobilization of micro-scale drug particles in cellulosic films. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 86:181-8. [PMID: 21524894 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The anti-solvent synthesis of micron-scale particles, their stabilization, and subsequent self-assembly into polymer films suitable for drug delivery is presented. The colloidal particles were stabilized using low molecular weight hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), while drug encapsulation was carried out with high molecular weight HPMC and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Griseofulvin (GF) was used as the model drug compound, and the polymer films were evaluated in terms of their surface morphology, mechanical properties and in vitro drug release. In general, the release rates were best described by first-order and Hixson-Crowell kinetic models, and in a typical film containing 57% HPMC, 100% of GF was released within 50 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxin Meng
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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14
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Lin WJ, Shiue GR. Elucidation of two water leachable polymers impact on microporous membrane performance and drug permeation. J Memb Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Angadi SC, Manjeshwar LS, Aminabhavi TM. Stearic Acid-Coated Chitosan-Based Interpenetrating Polymer Network Microspheres: Controlled Release Characteristics. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie102479m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudha C. Angadi
- Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580 003, India
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16
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Meng X, Yang D, Mitra S. Simultaneous synthesis, stabilization, and self-assembly of microscale drug particles in polymer films. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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17
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Porter SC, Felton LA. Techniques to assess film coatings and evaluate film-coated products. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:128-42. [DOI: 10.3109/03639040903433757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Martín del Valle EM, Galán MA, Carbonell RG. Drug Delivery Technologies: The Way Forward in the New Decade. Ind Eng Chem Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ie800886m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva M. Martín del Valle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Salamanca, Pl. de los Caídos s/n, 37008 Salamanca, Spain, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Miguel A. Galán
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Salamanca, Pl. de los Caídos s/n, 37008 Salamanca, Spain, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Ruben G. Carbonell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Salamanca, Pl. de los Caídos s/n, 37008 Salamanca, Spain, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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Chen S, Zhu J, Ma F, Fang Q, Li Y. Preparation and Characterization of Solid Dispersions of Dipyridamole with a Carrier “Copolyvidonum Plasdone®S-630”. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 33:888-99. [PMID: 17729107 DOI: 10.1080/03639040701199209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Solid dispersions (SDs) of dipyridamole (DIP) with a novel carrier copolyvidonum Plasdone S-630 (CoPVP) were developed by solvent evaporation method. The solid state of SDs of DIP with CoPVP (SDs CoPVP) was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and polarizing microscopy, compared with that of SDs of DIP with polyvinylpyrrolidone Plasdone K-29/32 (SDs PVP). FT-IR analysis demonstrated the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between DIP and CoPVP or PVP in SDs. DSC and XRD studies indicated that DIP presented in amorphous state in both SDs CoPVP and SDs PVP at higher weight ratios. The dissolution property of SDs CoPVP was significantly improved in comparison of pure DIP and physical mixtures with CoPVP (PM CoPVP). Both SDs CoPVP and SDs PVP powder showed the favorable flowability. However, SDs CoPVP showed better compressibility than SDs PVP. The lower hydroscopicity of SDs CoPVP could be advantageous to the stability to SDs. This study proves the potential of CoPVP as a carrier in the formulations of SDs for poorly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
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20
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Polymer blends for controlled release coatings. J Control Release 2008; 125:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2007] [Accepted: 09/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chow KT, Chan LW, Heng PWS. Formulation of Hydrophilic Non-Aqueous Gel: Drug Stability in Different Solvents and Rheological Behavior of Gel Matrices. Pharm Res 2007; 25:207-17. [PMID: 17909742 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-007-9457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Accepted: 09/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was aimed at formulating a hydrophilic non-aqueous gel for topical delivery of the model moisture-sensitive drug, minocycline hydrochloride (MH). METHODS Stability study of MH dissolved in water and various hydrophilic non-aqueous solvents was performed over a period of four months in order to select a suitable non-aqueous solvent for MH gel. To improve MH stability, the effect of different cation additives on MH stability in the selected solvent was investigated. Non-aqueous gel matrices were prepared from three different types of hydrophilic polymers in glycerin-propylene glycol mixture with Mg(2+) cation additive. Oscillatory shear rheometry was performed on the gel matrices using a cone-and-plate rheometer. RESULTS MH stability was affected by the type of solvent employed and the duration of storage. Different cation additives affected the extent of MH stabilization through MH-cation complex formation. Rheological properties of the non-aqueous gel matrices were significantly affected by the type and concentration of polymer, and the vehicle ratios in the formulations. CONCLUSIONS MH stabilization could be achieved using the selected glycerin-propylene glycol mixture containing MgCl(2). Gel matrix formulated using this solvent system and 3%w/w N-vinylacetamide/sodium acrylate copolymer had demonstrated the most favorable rheological properties as a gel for topical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keat Theng Chow
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Kim MS, Kim JS, Kang SH, Yoo YH, Lee S, Park JS, Woo JS, Hwang SJ. Influence of water soluble additives and HPMCP on drug release from sureleaseê-coated pellets containing tamsulosin hydrochloride. Arch Pharm Res 2007; 30:1008-13. [PMID: 17879755 DOI: 10.1007/bf02993970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of various water-soluble additives and HPMCP as an enteric polymer into Surelease for the developement of oral controlled release system containg tamsulosin hydrochloride. The drug loaded pellets were coated with only Surelease or Surelease containing HPMC, PEG 4000, mannitol and HPMCP (20% w/w). In case of HPMC and PEG 4000 as additives into Surelease film, the rapid drug release was observed in pH 1.2 while the higher drug release was achieved by adding HPMCP into Surelease as well as by increasing the amount of HPMCP (10, 20, and 30% w/w) in pH 7.2. The incorporation of HPMCP into Surelease showed pH-denpendent drug release due to its pH-dependent nature. Therefore, the incorporation of HPMCP into Surelease based on aqueous coating formulation is an effective way to develop oral controlled release delivery systems containing tamsulosin hydrochloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Soo Kim
- National Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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Siepmann F, Hoffmann A, Leclercq B, Carlin B, Siepmann J. How to adjust desired drug release patterns from ethylcellulose-coated dosage forms. J Control Release 2007; 119:182-9. [PMID: 17391796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2006] [Revised: 02/02/2007] [Accepted: 02/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide an easy and efficient tool to adjust desired drug release kinetics from (aqueous) ethylcellulose-coated solid dosage forms and to better understand the underlying mass transport mechanisms. Pure ethylcellulose films are poorly permeable for many substances and can result in very low release rates for certain drugs from coated dosage forms, if the film coatings are completely formed and remain intact upon exposure to the release media. To increase the permeability of the polymeric membranes, different amounts of a water-soluble poly(vinyl alcohol)-poly(ethylene glycol) graft copolymer (PVA-PEG graft copolymer) were added to an aqueous ethylcellulose dispersion (Aquacoat ECD). Importantly, the presence of only a low percentage of this hydrophilic copolymer significantly increased the resulting water uptake rate and extent, dry weight loss and drug permeability of the films. In contrast to hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), the PVA-PEG graft copolymer does not cause flocculation of the colloidal coating dispersion (leading to potentially variable release rates). Interestingly, the transport of water as well as of the model drug theophylline through the polymeric networks was primarily controlled by pure diffusion. The penetration kinetics could be quantitatively described by Fick's law of diffusion, irrespective of the type of release medium and PVA-PEG graft copolymer content. Most important from a practical point of view, a broad spectrum of pH-independent drug release rates can easily be obtained from drug-loaded pellets by simply varying the PVA-PEG graft copolymer content. An appropriate curing step after coating is required, but interestingly the investigated curing conditions (differing in time and relative humidity) resulted in very similar drug release patterns, indicating that stable film structures are likely to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Siepmann
- College of Pharmacy, JE 2491, University of Lille, 3 Rue du Professeur Laguesse, 59006 Lille, France
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Kim MS, Kim JS, You YH, Park HJ, Lee S, Park JS, Woo JS, Hwang SJ. Development and optimization of a novel oral controlled delivery system for tamsulosin hydrochloride using response surface methodology. Int J Pharm 2007; 341:97-104. [PMID: 17499949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2007.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2006] [Revised: 03/02/2007] [Accepted: 03/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop and optimize oral controlled-release formulations for tamsulosin hydrochloride using a combination of two cellulose ester derivatives, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP), with Surelease as a coating material. A three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design was used to prepare systematic model formulations, which were composed of three formulation variables, the content of HPMC (X(1)) and HPMCP (X(2)) and the coating level (X(3)), as independent variables. The response surface methodology (RSM) and multiple response optimization utilizing the polynomial equation were used to search for the optimal coating formulation with a specific release rate at different time intervals. The drug release percentages at 2, 3 and 5h were the target responses and were restricted to 15-30% (Y(1)), 50-65% (Y(2)) and 80-95% (Y(3)), respectively. The optimal coating formulation was achieved with 10% HPMC and 20% HPMCP at a coating level of 25%, and the observed responses coincided well with the predicted values from the RSM optimization technique. The drug release from pellets coated with the optimized formulation showed a controlled-release pattern (zero-order), in comparison with a commercial product (Harunal capsule). In conclusion, a novel, oral, controlled-release delivery system for tamsulosin hydrochloride was successfully developed by incorporating HPMC and HPMCP as coating additives into Surelease aqueous ethylcellulose dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Soo Kim
- National Research Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
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Saw CLL, Olivo M, Soo KC, Heng PWS. Spectroscopic characterization and photobleaching kinetics of hypericin-N-methyl pyrrolidone formulations. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2006; 5:1018-23. [PMID: 17077897 DOI: 10.1039/b602807a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypericin (HY) is a promising photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT). It was recently reported that appropriate use of N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) enhanced in vivo PDT efficacy of HY and enhanced in vivo delivery of HY. This present study further investigates the use of NMP and other known non-toxic pharmaceutical additives, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, K29/32) and copolyvidonum (S630), for formulating HY to enhance its delivery with photodynamic activity as a goal in mind. Hence, the first objective of this study was to characterize the solubilization of HY by NMP, K29/32 and S630. Thermodynamic considerations were used to explain the solvation process. Photobleaching is another important property of photosensitizers. There is no report on the photostability of HY in pharmaceutical formulations used for PDT. Therefore, the second objective of this study was to investigate the photobleaching of HY in these formulations. The fluorescence of HY was found to increase significantly in higher concentrations of NMP or when 5% of polymer was co-mixed with 5% of NMP solution. The photobleaching of HY in these formulations followed first-order kinetics. The loss of fluorescence paralleled to the loss of absorption of HY. The formulation of HY with 40% NMP was found to be the most stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Lay Lay Saw
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore, Singapore 117543
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Wilson PJ, Basit AW. Exploiting gastrointestinal bacteria to target drugs to the colon: An in vitro study using amylose coated tablets. Int J Pharm 2005; 300:89-94. [PMID: 16023805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2005] [Revised: 05/23/2005] [Accepted: 05/23/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The bacterial substrate amorphous amylose, in the form of a film coating, provides a means of delivering drugs to the colon. This coating has traditionally been applied to multi-unit systems, in part because of the small size and divided nature of this type of dosage form, which provides a large surface area for enzymatic attack and drug release. The present study was conducted to explore the utility of the coating for colonic targeting of single unit tablet systems. Amylose was combined with the water-insoluble polymer ethylcellulose, which acts as a structuring agent, in different proportions to produce film coatings of various thicknesses for application to mesalazine (mesalamine or 5-aminosalicylic acid)-containing tablets. Drug release from the coated products was assessed under pH dissolution conditions resembling the stomach and small intestine, and also in conditions simulating the colon using a batch culture fermenter inoculated with human faecal bacteria. The rate and extent of drug release was related to the ratio of amylose to ethylcellulose in the film and the thickness of the coating. Increasing the proportion of ethylcellulose in the film and/or the thickness of the coating depressed the rate of drug release in the conditions of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Drug release from the coated products was accelerated in the fermentation environment of the colon. This is attributed to bacterial digestion of the amylose component of the film coat producing pores for drug diffusion. This work indicates that amylose coated tablet formulations are promising vehicles for drug delivery to the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Wilson
- The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29/39 Brunswick Square, London WCIN 1AX, UK
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