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Dudek A, Strugała-Danak P, Kral T, Hof M, Pruchnik H. An analysis of interactions between three structurally diverse anthocyanidins, as well as their glucosides, and model biological membranes, albumin, and plasmid DNA. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12883. [PMID: 37558717 PMCID: PMC10412636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to investigate the differences in the interaction of three structurally diverse anthocyanidins, namely peonidin, petunidin, and delphinidin, as well as their glucosides with model biological membranes, human albumin, and plasmid DNA in order to look into their structure-activity relationships. Fluorimetric studies, as well as ATR-FTIR analyses, were jointly used in order to determine the changes observed in both the hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers of cell-mimic membranes (MM) which reflected the membrane lipid composition of tumour cells and red blood cell membranes (RBCM). Our results showed that anthocyanins and anthocyanidins can cause an increase in the packing order of the polar heads of lipids, as well as interact with their deeper layers by reducing the fluidity of lipid chains. The results presented here indicate that all compounds tested here possessed the ability to bind to human serum albumin (HSA) and the presence of a glucose molecule within the structures formed by anthocyanidin reduces their ability to bind to proteins. Using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, it was demonstrated that the compounds tested here were capable of forming stable complexes with plasmid DNA and, particularly, strong DNA conformational changes were observed in the presence of petunidin and corresponding glucoside, as well as delphinidin. The results we obtained can be useful in comprehending the anthocyanins therapeutic action as molecular antioxidants and provide a valuable insight into their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Dudek
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paulina Strugała-Danak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Teresa Kral
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejskova 3, 18223, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hof
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejskova 3, 18223, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Hanna Pruchnik
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
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Strugała P, Urbaniak A, Kuryś P, Włoch A, Kral T, Ugorski M, Hof M, Gabrielska J. Antitumor and antioxidant activities of purple potato ethanolic extract and its interaction with liposomes, albumin and plasmid DNA. Food Funct 2021; 12:1271-1290. [PMID: 33434253 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01667e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to broadly determine the biological activities of purple potato ethanolic extract of the Blue Congo variety (BCE). The antioxidant activity of BCE was determined in relation to liposome membranes, and peroxidation was induced by UVB and AAPH. To clarify the antioxidant activity of BCE, we investigated its interactions with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions of a membrane using fluorimetric and FTIR methods. Next, we investigated the cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic activities of BCE in two human colon cancer cell lines (HT-29 and Caco-2) and in normal cells (IPEC-J2). In addition, the ability to inhibit enzymes that are involved in pro-inflammatory reactions was examined. Furthermore, BCE interactions with serum albumin and plasmid DNA were investigated using steady state fluorescence spectroscopy and a single molecule fluorescence technique (TCSPC-FCS). We proved that BCE effectively protects lipid membranes against the process of peroxidation and successfully inhibits the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. Furthermore, it interacts with the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts of lipid membranes as well as with albumin and plasmid DNA. It was observed that BCE is more cytotoxic against colon cancer cell lines than normal IPEC-J2 cells; it also induces apoptosis in cancer cell lines, but does not induce cell death in normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Strugała
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anna Urbaniak
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rudolfa Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Patryk Kuryś
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Teresa Kral
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland. and Department of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejskova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Maciej Ugorski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Martin Hof
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejskova 3, 18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Janina Gabrielska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
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Pruchnik H, Kral T, Hof M. Interaction of Newly Platinum(II) with Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine Complex with DNA and Model Lipid Membrane. J Membr Biol 2017; 250:461-470. [PMID: 28741121 PMCID: PMC5613069 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-017-9972-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Structural properties of plasmid DNA and model lipid membrane treated with newly synthesized platinum(II) complex cis-[PtCl2{P(CH2CH2COOH)3}2] (cis-DTCEP for short) were studied and compared with effects of anticancer drug cisplatin, cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2] (cis-DDP for short). Time Correlated Single Photon Counting Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (TCSPC-FCS) was employed to study interactions between those platinum complexes and DNA. The TCSPC-FCS results suggest that bonding of cis-DTCEP derivative to DNA leads to plasmid strain realignment towards much more compact structure than in the case of cis-DDP. Application of both differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy to platinum complexes/DPPC showed that cis-DTCEP slightly increases the phospholipid’s main phase transition temperature resulting in decreased fluidity of the model membrane. The newly investigated compound—similarly to cis-DDP—interacts mainly with the DPPC head group however not only by the means of electrostatic forces: this compound probably enters into hydrophilic region of the lipid bilayer and forms hydrogen bonds with COO groups of glycerol and PO2− group of DPPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Pruchnik
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Teresa Kral
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.,J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the ASCR, v.v.i., Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hof
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the ASCR, v.v.i., Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23, Prague 8, Czech Republic
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Albuquerque LJC, Annes K, Milazzotto MP, Mattei B, Riske KA, Jäger E, Pánek J, Štěpánek P, Kapusta P, Muraro PIR, De Freitas AGO, Schmidt V, Giacomelli C, Bonvent JJ, Giacomelli FC. Efficient Condensation of DNA into Environmentally Responsive Polyplexes Produced from Block Catiomers Carrying Amine or Diamine Groups. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:577-586. [PMID: 26677726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular delivery of nucleic acids requires a vector system as they cannot diffuse across lipid membranes. Although polymeric transfecting agents have been extensively investigated, none of the proposed gene delivery vehicles fulfill all of the requirements needed for an effective therapy, namely, the ability to bind and compact DNA into polyplexes, stability in the serum environment, endosome-disrupting capacity, efficient intracellular DNA release, and low toxicity. The challenges are mainly attributed to conflicting properties such as stability vs efficient DNA release and toxicity vs efficient endosome-disrupting capacity. Accordingly, investigations aimed at safe and efficient therapies are still essential to achieving gene therapy clinical success. Taking into account the mentioned issues, herein we have evaluated the DNA condensation ability of poly(ethylene oxide)113-b-poly[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate]50 (PEO113-b-PDPA50), poly(ethylene oxide)113-b-poly[2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]50 (PEO113-b-PDEA50), poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate]70-b-poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate10-co-2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate47-co-2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate47] (POEGMA70-b-P(OEGMA10-co-DEA47-co-DPA47), and poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate]70-b-poly{oligo(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate10-co-2-methylacrylic acid 2-[(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)methylamino]ethyl ester44} (POEGMA70-b-P(OEGMA10-co-DAMA44). Block copolymers PEO113-b-PDEA50 and POEGMA70-b-P(OEGMA10-co-DEA47-co-DPA47) were evidenced to properly condense DNA into particles with a desirable size for cellular uptake via endocytic pathways (R(H) ≈ 65-85 nm). The structure of the polyplexes was characterized in detail by scattering techniques and atomic force microscopy. The isothermal titration calorimetric data revealed that the polymer/DNA binding is endothermic; therefore, the process in entropically driven. The combination of results supports that POEGMA70-b-P(OEGMA10-co-DEA47-co-DPA47) condenses DNA more efficiently and with higher thermodynamic outputs than does PEO113-b-PDEA50. Finally, circular dichroism spectroscopy indicated that the conformation of DNA remained the same after complexation and that the polyplexes are very stable in the serum environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindomar J C Albuquerque
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC , Santo André 09210-170, Brazil
| | - Kelly Annes
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC , Santo André 09210-170, Brazil
| | - Marcella P Milazzotto
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC , Santo André 09210-170, Brazil
| | - Bruno Mattei
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo , São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Karin A Riske
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo , São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Eliézer Jäger
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR , 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Pánek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR , 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Štěpánek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR , 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Kapusta
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paulo I R Muraro
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Augusto G O De Freitas
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Cristiano Giacomelli
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria , Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Jean-Jacques Bonvent
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC , Santo André 09210-170, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Giacomelli
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC , Santo André 09210-170, Brazil
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New cytotoxic butyltin complexes with 2-sulfobenzoic acid: Molecular interaction with lipid bilayers and DNA as well as in vitro anticancer activity. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 243:107-18. [PMID: 26585592 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
New butyltin complexes with 2-sulfobenzoic acid: [Sn(C4H9)2{O3SC6H4COO-2}(H2O)]·(C2H5OH) (DBTsbz), [Sn(C4H9)3{O3SC6H4COOH-2}] (TBTsbz) and [Sn2(C4H9)6{μ-O3SC6H4COO-2}] (DTBTsbz) are very effective cytotoxic agents against tumor cells. The molecular interaction of these complexes with lipid membranes and DNA has been investigated. The IR spectra and changes of (1)H, (13)C chemical shifts suggest that SO3 and COO groups of 2-sulfobenzoato ligand interact with O atom of glycerin fragment of DPPC. Moreover, the compounds form Sn-OP bonds with phosphate groups of DPPC, which was shown by the lower frequency shift of the νs(PO2(-)) and νas(PO2(-)) band, by change of (31)P NMR signals and by DFT calculation. Another possibility is the interaction of the phosphate group of DPPC owing to formation of hydrogen bond O-H…O-P between water molecule coordinated to Sn and oxygen atom from the phosphate group. Using TCSPC-FCS we characterized DNA supramolecular assemblies' formation upon increasing TBTsbz, DTBTsbz and DBTsbz concentration. Diffusion time, lifetime and particle number changes are altered systematically with increasing Ccomp/CDNAbp ratio in following effectiveness order DBTsbz > TBTsbz > DTBTsbz. From those parameters we can conclude that all these compounds lead to a change of DNA winding, strand but not to DNA compaction. Investigated compounds show very high cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines. All compounds exhibit efficient in vitro antitumor activity toward Jurkat (T-cell leukemia), CL-1 (T-lymphoblastoid cell line), GL-1 (B cell lymphoma cell line) and D-17 (canine osteosarcoma). The DBTsbz is more effective then carboplatin against canine osteosarcoma.
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Yang J, Wu D, Xie D, Feng F, Schanze KS. Ion-Induced Aggregation of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes Studied by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:16314-24. [DOI: 10.1021/jp408370e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Danlu Wu
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Dongping Xie
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Fude Feng
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Kirk S. Schanze
- Department of Chemistry and
Center for Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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Misiak P, Wilk KA, Kral T, Woźniak E, Pruchnik H, Frąckowiak R, Hof M, Różycka-Roszak B. New gluconamide-type cationic surfactants: Interactions with DNA and lipid membranes. Biophys Chem 2013; 180-181:44-54. [PMID: 23838623 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New linear cationic surfactants - 2-(alkyldimethylammonio)ethylgluconamide bromides, denoted as CnGAB, n=10, 12, 14 and 16 - were synthesized from natural resources and characterized with respect to their potential as gene-delivery agents in gene therapy applications. Interactions with plasmid DNA and with model membranes were studied both experimentally and theoretically. The compounds with n=12, 14 and 16 show exponentially increasing ability to fully condense DNA. C16GAB condenses DNA at 1:1 surfactant to nucleotide molar ratio. Furthermore, CnGABs interact with model membrane, slightly lowering the temperature of the main phase transition Tm of the DPPC bilayer. C10GAB is found to interact only at the membrane surface. C16GAB reduces Tm less than C12GAB and C14GAB, and forms domains in the bilayer at the surfactant/DPPC molar ratio of 0.1 and higher. The results suggest that C16GAB can be a promising candidate for building gene-delivery carrier systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Misiak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
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Abstract
Background Liposomes can be modified with different ligands to control their biological properties, such as longevity, targeting ability, and intracellular penetration, in a desired fashion. The aim of this study was to modify liposomes with a novel mannosylated polyethylene glycol-phosphatidylethanolamine (M-PEG-PE) ligand to achieve active targeted gene delivery. Methods Rat Kupffer cells were isolated and used as model cells for in vitro evaluation of cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency. The modified liposomes were intravenously injected into the rats, and Kupffer cells were isolated and analyzed by flow cytometry for in vivo gene delivery and expression. Results The M-PEG-PE-modified liposome-enhanced green fluorescence protein plasmid (M-PEG-PE-Lipo-pEGFP) complexes had a particle size of 237 nm and a loading efficiency of 90%. The M-PEG-PE-Lipo-pEGFP complexes displayed remarkably higher transfection efficiency than unmodified Lipo-pEGFP, both in vitro (51%–30%) and in vivo (43%–27%). Conclusion M-PEG-PE could function as an excellent active targeting ligand, and M-PEG-PE-modified liposomes could be promising active targeted drug delivery vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fansheng Kong
- Department of Hematology, General Hospital of Ji'nan Command, PLA, Ji'nan, People's Republic of China
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Li P, Liu D, Sun X, Liu C, Liu Y, Zhang N. A novel cationic liposome formulation for efficient gene delivery via a pulmonary route. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:245104. [PMID: 21543837 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/24/245104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The clinical success of gene therapy for lung cancer is not only dependent on efficient gene carriers but also on a suitable delivery route. A pulmonary delivery route can directly deliver gene vectors to the lung which is more efficient than a systemic delivery route. For gene carriers, cationic liposomes have recently emerged as leading non-viral vectors in worldwide gene therapy clinical trials. However, cytotoxic effects or apoptosis are often observed which is mostly dependent on the cationic lipid used. Therefore, an efficient and safe cationic lipid, 6-lauroxyhexyl lysinate (LHLN), previously synthesized by our group was first used to prepare cationic liposomes. Physicochemical and biological properties of LHLN-liposomes were investigated. LHLN-liposome/DNA complexes showed positive surface charge, spherical morphology, a relatively narrow particle size distribution and strong DNA binding capability. Compared with Lipofectamine2000, the new cationic liposome formulation using LHLN exhibited not only lower cytotoxicity (P < 0.05) but also similar transfection efficiency in A549 and HepG2 lung cancer cells for in vitro tests. When administered by intratracheal instillation into rat lungs for in vivo evaluation, LHLN-liposome/DNA complexes exhibited higher pulmonary gene transfection efficiency than Lipofectamine2000/DNA complexes (P < 0.05). These results suggested that LHLN-liposomes may have great potential for efficient pulmonary gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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Lipopolythiourea/DNA interaction: a biophysical study. Biophys Chem 2010; 148:68-73. [PMID: 20227164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2010.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 02/20/2010] [Accepted: 02/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolythioureas (LPT) are original non cationic systems representing an alternative to cationic lipids. Their high transfection efficiency prompted us to investigate further their biophysical properties, and in particular how thiourea lipids interact with DNA. The interaction of lipopolythiourea with DNA was investigated by fluorescence correlation microscopy (FCS). Influence of the lipid length and nature of the thiourea head on the thiourea/DNA interaction were studied. FCS revealed a strong interaction between lipopolythiourea and DNA, occurring at 1 equivalent of a thiourea lipid by a DNA phosphate group, and leading to a condensed plasmid state. From previous in vitro experiments, we could conclude that the lipid leading to the more condensed state of DNA was also the more efficient to transfect cells.
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Ghonaim HM, Li S, Blagbrough IS. N 1,N 12 -Diacyl Spermines: SAR Studies on Non-viral Lipopolyamine Vectors for Plasmid DNA and siRNA Formulation. Pharm Res 2009; 27:17-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ghonaim HM, Ahmed OAA, Pourzand C, Blagbrough IS. Varying the chain length in N4,N9-diacyl spermines: non-viral lipopolyamine vectors for efficient plasmid DNA formulation. Mol Pharm 2009; 5:1111-21. [PMID: 19434924 DOI: 10.1021/mp800062j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this work are to study the effect of varying the chain length in synthesized N4,N9-diacyl spermines on DNA condensation and then to compare their transfection efficiencies in cell lines. The five novel N4,N9-diacyl lipopolyamines: N4,N9-[didecanoyl, dilauroyl, dimyristoyl, dimyristoleoyl, and dipalmitoyl]-1,12-diamino-4,9-diazadodecane were synthesized from the naturally occurring polyamine spermine. The abilities of these novel compounds to condense DNA and to form nanoparticles were studied using ethidium bromide fluorescence quenching and nanoparticle characterization techniques. Transfection efficiency was studied in FEK4 primary skin cells and in an immortalized cancer cell line (HtTA), and compared with a saturated (distearoyl) analogue and also with the non-liposomal transfection formulation Lipogen, N4,N9-dioleoyl-1,12-diamino-4,9-diazadodecane. By incorporating two aliphatic chains and changing their length in a stepwise manner, we show efficient circular plasmid DNA (pEGFP) formulation and transfection of primary skin and cancer cell lines. Two C14 chains (both saturated or both cis-monounsaturated) were efficient transfecting agents, even in the presence of serum, but they were too toxic. N4,N9-Dioleoyl spermine efficiently condenses pDNA and achieves the highest transfection levels with the highest cell viability among the studied lipopolyamines in cultured cells even in the presence of serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan M Ghonaim
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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Yu W, Liu C, Ye J, Zou W, Zhang N, Xu W. Novel cationic SLN containing a synthesized single-tailed lipid as a modifier for gene delivery. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:215102. [PMID: 19423923 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/21/215102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) can bind DNA directly via ionic interaction and mediate in vitro gene transfection. However, toxicity is still an obstacle, which is strongly dependent on the cationic lipid used. In the present study, a novel single-tailed cationic lipid, 6-lauroxyhexyl lysinate (LHLN), was synthesized and used as a modifier to prepare stable SLN-DNA complexes by a nanoprecipitation method. The commonly used cationic lipid cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) modified SLN-DNA formulation served as a contrast. These two formulations were characterized and compared in terms of morphology, particle size, surface charge, DNA binding capacity, release profile, cytotoxicity, and transfection efficiency. The LHLN SLN-DNA complexes had a similar spherical morphology, a relatively narrow particle size distribution and a more remarkable DNA loading capability compared to the CTAB ones. Most importantly, LHLN modified SLN had a higher gene transfection efficiency than the naked DNA and CTAB ones, which was approximately equal to that of Lipofectamine-DNA complexes, and a lower cytotoxicity compared with CTAB-SLN and Lipofectamine 2000. Thus, the novel cationic SLN can achieve efficient transfection of plasmid DNA, and to some extent reduce the cytotoxicity, which might overcome some drawbacks of the conventional cationic nanocarriers in vivo and may become a promising non-viral gene therapy vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Ji'nan, People's Republic of China
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Design and synthesis of N4,N9-disubstituted spermines for non-viral siRNA delivery--structure-activity relationship studies of siFection efficiency versus toxicity. Pharm Res 2008; 26:286-95. [PMID: 18841447 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the effect of sequentially changing the chain length, oxidation level, and charge distribution in N4,N9-diacyl and N4,N9-dialkyl spermines on siRNA formulation, and then to compare their lipoplex transfection efficiency in cell lines. METHODS Eight N4,N9-diacyl polyamines: N4,N9-[didecanoyl, dilauroyl, dimyristoyl, dimyristoleoyl, dipalmitoyl, distearoyl, dioleoyl and diretinoyl]-1,12-diamino-4,9-diazadodecane were synthesized. Their abilities to bind to siRNA and form nanoparticles were studied using a RiboGreen intercalation assay and particle sizing. Two diamides were also reduced to afford tetraamines N4,N9-distearyl- and N4,N9-dioleyl-1,12-diamino-4,9-diazadodecane. Delivery of fluorescein-labelled Label IT RNAi Delivery Control was studied in FEK4 primary skin cells and in an immortalized cancer cell line (HtTA), and compared with TransIT-TKO. RESULTS The design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship studies of a series of N4,N9-disubstituted spermines as efficient vectors for non-viral siRNA delivery to primary skin and cancer cell lines is reported. These non-liposomal cationic lipids are promising siRNA carriers based on the naturally occurring polyamine spermine showing that C-18 is a better chain length as shorter chains are more toxic. CONCLUSIONS N4,N9-Distearoyl spermine and N4,N9-dioleoyl spermine are efficient siRNA formulation and delivery vectors, even in the presence of serum, comparable to TransIT-TKO. However, four positive charges distributed as in spermine was significantly more toxic.
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Blagbrough IS, Zara C. Animal models for target diseases in gene therapy--using DNA and siRNA delivery strategies. Pharm Res 2008; 26:1-18. [PMID: 18841450 PMCID: PMC7088656 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles, including lipopolyamines leading to lipoplexes, liposomes, and polyplexes are targeted drug carrier systems in the current search for a successful delivery system for polynucleic acids. This review is focused on the impact of gene and siRNA delivery for studies of efficacy, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics within the setting of the wide variety of in vivo animal models now used. This critical appraisal of the recent literature sets out the different models that are currently being investigated to bridge from studies in cell lines through towards clinical reality. Whilst many scientists will be familiar with rodent (murine, fecine, cricetine, and musteline) models, few probably think of fish as a clinically relevant animal model, but zebrafish, madake, and rainbow trout are all being used. Larger animal models include rabbit, cat, dog, and cow. Pig is used both for the prevention of foot-and-mouth disease and human diseases, sheep is a model for corneal transplantation, and the horse naturally develops arthritis. Non-human primate models (macaque, common marmoset, owl monkey) are used for preclinical gene vector safety and efficacy trials to bridge the gap prior to clinical studies. We aim for the safe development of clinically effective delivery systems for DNA and RNAi technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S Blagbrough
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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Ghonaim HM, Li S, Blagbrough IS. Very long chain N4, N9 -diacyl spermines: non-viral lipopolyamine vectors for efficient plasmid DNA and siRNA delivery. Pharm Res 2008; 26:19-31. [PMID: 18781381 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Accepted: 08/06/2008] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the effect of increasing the chain length over C-18 and varying the oxidation level in synthesized N4, N9-diacyl spermines on DNA and siRNA formulation, and then to compare their transfection efficiency in cell lines METHODS The five novel very long chain N4, N9-diacyl polyamines: N4, N9-[diarachidoyl, diarachidonoyl, dieicosenoyl, dierucoyl and dinervonoyl]-1,12-diamino-4,9-diazadodecane were synthesized. The abilities of these novel compounds to condense DNA and to form nanoparticles were studied using ethidium bromide fluorescence quenching and nanoparticle characterization techniques. Transfection efficiency was studied in FEK4 primary skin cells and in an immortalized cancer cell line (HtTA), and compared with the non-liposomal transfection formulation Lipogen, N4, N9-dioleoyl-1,12-diamino-4,9-diazadodecane. Also, the abilities of these compounds to condense siRNA and to form nanoparticles were studied using a RiboGreen intercalation assay and their abilities to deliver siRNA into cells were studied in FEK4 and HtTA cells using fluorescein-labelled Label IT(R) RNAi Delivery Control, a sequenced 21-mer from Mirus. RESULTS We show efficient pEGFP and siRNA formulation and delivery to primary skin and cancer cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Adding two C20 or C22 chains, both mono-cis-unsaturated, N4, N9-dieicosenoyl spermine and N4, N9-dierucoyl spermine, gave efficient siRNA delivery vectors, even in the presence of serum, comparable to TransIT-TKO and with excellent cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan M Ghonaim
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
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Yue H, Wu M, Xue C, Velayudham S, Liu H, Waldeck DH. Evolution in the Supramolecular Complexes between Poly(phenylene ethynylene)-Based Polyelectrolytes and Octadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide as Revealed by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:8218-26. [DOI: 10.1021/jp710229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Yue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, and Chemistry Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931
| | - Mingyan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, and Chemistry Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931
| | - Cuihua Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, and Chemistry Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931
| | - Singaravelu Velayudham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, and Chemistry Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931
| | - Haiying Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, and Chemistry Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, and Chemistry Department, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931
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On Mechanism of Intermediate-Sized Circular DNA Compaction Mediated by Spermine: Contribution of Fluorescence Lifetime Correlation Spectroscopy. J Fluoresc 2008; 18:679-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-008-0345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Equilibrium dynamics of spermine-induced plasmid DNA condensation revealed by fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy. Biophys J 2007; 94:L17-9. [PMID: 17965130 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.107.122408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The spermine-induced DNA condensation is a first-order phase transition. Here, we apply a novel technique fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy to analyze this transition in a greater detail. We show that the method allows for the observation of the condensed and uncondensed molecules simultaneously based solely on different fluorescence lifetimes of the intercalating fluorophore PicoGreen in the folded und unfolded domains of DNA. The auto- and cross-correlation functions reveal that a small fraction of the DNA molecules is involved in the dynamic intramolecular equilibrium. Careful inspection of the cross-correlation curves suggests that folding occurs gradually within milliseconds.
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