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Lee HD, Chun J, Kim S, Aleksandra N, Lee C, Yoon D, Lee HJ, Kim YB. Comparative Biodistribution Study of Baculoviral and Adenoviral Vector Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:185-191. [PMID: 37830223 PMCID: PMC10840461 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2308.08042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Various types of vaccines have been developed against COVID-19, including vector vaccines. Among the COVID-19 vaccines, AstraZeneca's chimpanzee adenoviral vaccine was the first to be commercialized. For viral vector vaccines, biodistribution studies are critical to vaccine safety, gene delivery, and efficacy. This study compared the biodistribution of the baculoviral vector vaccine (AcHERV-COVID19) and the adenoviral vector vaccine (Ad-COVID19). Both vaccines were administered intramuscularly to mice, and the distribution of the SARS-CoV-2 S gene in each tissue was evaluated for up to 30 days. After vaccination, serum and various tissue samples were collected from the mice at each time point, and IgG levels and DNA copy numbers were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. AcHERV-COVID19 and Ad-COVID19 distribution showed that the SARS-CoV-2 spike gene remained predominantly at the injection site in the mouse muscle. In kidney, liver, and spleen tissues, the AcHERV-COVID19 group showed about 2-4 times higher persistence of the SARS-CoV-2 spike gene than the Ad-COVID19 group. The distribution patterns of AcHERV-COVID19 and Ad-COVID19 within various organs highlight their contrasting biodistribution profiles, with AcHERV-COVID19 exhibiting a broader and prolonged presence in the body compared to Ad-COVID19. Understanding the biodistribution profile of AcHERV-COVID19 and Ad-COVID19 could help select viral vectors for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Dong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungmin Chun
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyun Kim
- KR BioTech Co. Ltd., Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nowakowska Aleksandra
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanyeong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyoung Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-jung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
- KR BioTech Co. Ltd., Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vivo Distribution of 99mTc Radiolabelled Docetaxel Loaded Folic Acid-Thiolated Chitosan Enveloped Liposomes. BIONANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-01053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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3
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Dave KM, Han L, Jackson MA, Kadlecik L, Duvall CL, S Manickam D. DNA Polyplexes of a Phosphorylcholine-Based Zwitterionic Polymer for Gene Delivery. Pharm Res 2020; 37:176. [PMID: 32860072 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02899-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We tested polyplexes of a diblock polymer containing a pH-responsive, endosomolytic core (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and butyl methacrylate; DB) and a zwitterionic Poly (methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC) corona for the delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) to glioblastoma cells. METHODS We studied the physicochemical characteristics of the DNA polyplexes such as particle hydrodynamic diameter and surface potential. Cytocompatibility of free PMPC-DB polymer and pDNA polyplexes with U-87MG and U-138MG glioma cell lines were evaluated using the ATP assay. The transfection activity of luciferase pDNA polyplexes was measured using a standard luciferase assay. Anti-proliferative, apoptotic, and cell migration inhibitory activities of PMPC-DB/Interferon-beta (IFN-β1) pDNA polyplexes were examined using ATP assay, flow cytometry, and wound closure assay, respectively. RESULTS PMPC-DB copolymer condensed pDNA into nanosized polyplexes. DNA polyplexes showed particle diameters ranging from ca. 100-150 nm with narrow polydispersity indices and near electroneutral zeta potential values. PMPC-DB/Luciferase pDNA polyplexes were safe and showed an 18-fold increase in luciferase expression compared to the gold standard PEI polyplexes in U-87MG cells. PMPC-DB/IFN-β1 polyplexes induced apoptosis, demonstrated anti-proliferative effects, and retarded cell migration in glioblastoma cells. CONCLUSION The results described herein should guide the future optimization of PMPC-DB/DNA delivery systems for in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandarp M Dave
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Linjiang Han
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Meredith A Jackson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Lindsay Kadlecik
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA
| | - Craig L Duvall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Devika S Manickam
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15282, USA.
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Zou Y, Wan L, Blacklock J, Xie L, Carroll S, Oupicky D, Mao G. In Situ AFM Analysis Investigating Disassembly of DNA Nanoparticles and Nanofilms. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1943:199-209. [PMID: 30838618 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9092-4_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic vector-based gene delivery continues to gain strength as viable alternatives to viral vectors due to safety and other concerns. DNA release dynamics is key to the understanding and control of gene delivery from nanosystems. Here we describe atomic force microscope (AFM) application to the understanding of DNA release dynamics from bioreducible polycation-based nanosystems. The two nanosystems are polyplex nanoparticles and layer-by-layer (LbL) films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Lei Wan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jenifer Blacklock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Lingxiao Xie
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sean Carroll
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David Oupicky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Guangzhao Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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5
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Chen G, Wang K, Wang Y, Wu P, Sun M, Oupický D. Fluorination Enhances Serum Stability of Bioreducible Poly(amido amine) Polyplexes and Enables Efficient Intravenous siRNA Delivery. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29280311 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The use of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in cancer treatment has been limited by the lack of effective systemic delivery methods. Although synthetic polycations have been widely explored in siRNA delivery, polycation/siRNA polyplexes often suffer from insufficient stability in vivo. Here, rationally designed siRNA delivery systems that meet the requirements for systemic siRNA delivery to distant tumors are reported. The hypothesis that modular design of delivery systems based on poly(amido amine)s that combine fluorination for systemic stability with bioreducibility for easy intracellular siRNA release, and PEGylation for improved safety and colloidal stability will overcome problems with contradicting siRNA delivery demands is tested. PEGylated, fluorinated, and bioreducible copolymers (PEG-PCD-F) with different degree of fluorination are thus synthesized. The fluorinated copolymers readily formed polyplexes with siRNA and achieved greatly improved gene silencing efficacy in multiple cell lines in vitro when compared with nonfluorinated controls. The results show fluorination-induced enhancement of stability, cellular uptake, and endosomal escape of the polyplexes, while exhibiting efficient siRNA release in reducing intracellular environment. PEG-PCD-F polyplexes with siRNA against Bcl2 inhibit breast tumor growth following systemic intravenous administration. The results provide strong evidence of successful combination of bioreducibility with fluorination and PEGylation to achieve systemic siRNA polyplex delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Pharmaceutics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Kaikai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Pharmaceutics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Yixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Pharmaceutics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Pengkai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Pharmaceutics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - Minjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Pharmaceutics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
| | - David Oupický
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Department of Pharmaceutics; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing 210009 China
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Nebraska Medical Center; Omaha NE 68198 USA
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Drozd SF, Surkov SA, Glazkov MV. Some characteristics of transgenic clones of mouse R1 line embryonic stem cells. BIOL BULL+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359016030031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Oupický D, Li J. Bioreducible polycations in nucleic acid delivery: past, present, and future trends. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:908-22. [PMID: 24678057 PMCID: PMC4410047 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polycations that are degradable by reduction of disulfide bonds are developed for applications in delivery of nucleic acids. This Feature Article surveys methods of synthesis of bioreducible polycations and discusses current understanding of the mechanism of action of bioreducible polyplexes. Emphasis is placed on the relationship between the biological redox environment and toxicity, trafficking, transfection activity, and in vivo behavior of bioreducible polycations and polyplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Oupický
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Durham Research Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5830, USA.
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Wang Y, Li J, Oupický D. Polymeric Plerixafor: effect of PEGylation on CXCR4 antagonism, cancer cell invasion, and DNA transfection. Pharm Res 2014; 31:3538-48. [PMID: 24942536 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1440-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of PEG modification on pharmacologic and gene delivery properties of polymeric CXCR4 antagonist based on Plerixafor. METHODS Polymeric Plerixafor (PAMD) was synthesized from Plerixafor (AMD3100) and grafted with different amounts of PEG (2 kDa). CXCR4 antagonism of the synthesized polymers was determined using receptor redistribution assay. Inhibition of cancer cell invasion by the polyplexes of the synthesized polymers was assessed using Boyden-chamber method. Transfection activity of DNA polyplexes formed with the synthesized polymers was evaluated in U2OS osteosarcoma and B16F10 melanoma cells. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that modification of PAMD with PEG decreased toxicity of the polymers, while preserving their CXCR4 antagonism. Polyplexes prepared with PEG-PAMD inhibited invasion of cancer cells to an extent similar to the commercial CXCR4 antagonist Plerixafor. Negative effect of PEG on transfection activity of PEG-PAMD polyplexes could be overcome by using polyplexes formulated with a mixture of PAMD and PEG-PAMD. CONCLUSION Modification of PAMD with PEG is a viable strategy to preserve the desirable CXCR4 antagonism and ability to inhibit cancer cell invasion of PAMD, while improving safety and colloidal stability of the PAMD polyplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, 68198, USA
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9
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Rose L, Mahdipoor P, Kucharski C, Uludağ H. Pharmacokinetics and transgene expression of implanted polyethylenimine-based pDNA complexes. Biomater Sci 2014; 2:833-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c3bm60200a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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10
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Ryu K, Kim TI. Therapeutic gene delivery using bioreducible polymers. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 37:31-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Zou Y, Wan L, Blacklock J, Oupicky D, Mao G. In situ AFM analysis investigating disassembly of DNA nanoparticles and nano-films. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 948:183-193. [PMID: 23070771 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-140-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic vector-based gene delivery systems continue to gain strength as viable alternatives to viral vectors due to safety and other concerns. DNA release dynamics is key to the understanding and control of gene delivery from nano-systems. Here we describe atomic force microscope application to the understanding of DNA release dynamics from bioreducible polycation-based nano-systems. The two nano-systems are polyplex nanoparticles and layer-by-layer films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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12
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Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of Human Papillomavirus DNA Vaccine Delivered in Human Endogenous Retrovirus Envelope-Coated Baculovirus Vector. Pharm Res 2011; 29:585-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0598-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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13
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Patil RR, Yu J, Banerjee SR, Ren Y, Leong D, Jiang X, Pomper M, Tsui B, Kraitchman DL, Mao HQ. Probing in vivo trafficking of polymer/DNA micellar nanoparticles using SPECT/CT imaging. Mol Ther 2011; 19:1626-35. [PMID: 21750533 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2011.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful translation of nonviral gene delivery to therapeutic applications requires detailed understanding of in vivo trafficking of the vehicles. This report compares the pharmacokinetic and biodistribution profiles of polyethylene glycol-b-polyphosphoramidate (PEG-b-PPA)/DNA micellar nanoparticles after administration through intravenous infusion, intrabiliary infusion, and hydrodynamic injection using single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging. Nanoparticles were labeled with (111)In using an optimized protocol to retain their favorable physicochemical properties. Quantitative imaging analysis revealed different in vivo trafficking kinetics for PEG-b-PPA/DNA nanoparticles after different routes of administration. The intrabiliary infusion resulted in the highest liver uptake of micelles compared with the other two routes. Analysis of intrabiliary infusion by the two-compartment pharmacokinetic modeling revealed efficient retention of micelles in the liver and minimal micelle leakage from the liver to the blood stream. This study demonstrates the utility of SPECT/CT as an effective noninvasive imaging modality for the characterization of nanoparticle trafficking in vivo and confirms that intrabiliary infusion is an effective route for liver-targeted delivery of DNA-containing nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh R Patil
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Ogris M, Wagner E. To Be Targeted: Is the Magic Bullet Concept a Viable Option for Synthetic Nucleic Acid Therapeutics? Hum Gene Ther 2011; 22:799-807. [DOI: 10.1089/hum.2011.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Ogris
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 81377, Germany
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15
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Peptides for specific intracellular delivery and targeting of nanoparticles: implications for developing nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery. Ther Deliv 2010; 1:411-33. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.10.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of peptides to mediate the delivery and uptake of nanoparticle (NP) materials by mammalian cells has grown significantly over the past 10 years. This area of research has important implications for the development of new therapeutic materials and for the emerging field of NP-mediated drug delivery. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the delivery of various NPs by some of the more commonly employed cellular delivery peptides and discuss important related factors such as NP–peptide bioconjugation, uptake efficiency, intracellular fate and toxicity. We also highlight various demonstrations of therapeutic applications of NP–peptide conjugates where appropriate. The paper concludes with a brief forward-looking perspective discussing what can be expected as this field develops in the coming years.
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Fernandez CA, Baumhover NJ, Duskey JT, Khargharia S, Kizzire K, Ericson MD, Rice KG. Metabolically stabilized long-circulating PEGylated polyacridine peptide polyplexes mediate hydrodynamically stimulated gene expression in liver. Gene Ther 2010; 18:23-37. [PMID: 20720577 PMCID: PMC2990782 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2010.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of PEGylated polyacridine peptides was developed that mediate potent stimulated gene transfer in the liver of mice. Polyacridine peptides, (Acr-X)n-Cys-PEG, possessing 2–6 repeats of Lys-acridine (Acr) spaced by either Lys, Arg, Leu or Glu, were Cys derivatized with polyethylene glycol (PEG 5000 Da) and evaluated as in vivo gene transfer agents. An optimal peptide of (Acr-Lys)6-Cys-PEG was able to bind to plasmid DNA (pGL3) with high affinity by polyintercalation, stabilize DNA from metabolism by DNAse and extend the pharmacokinetic half-life of DNA in the circulation for up to 2 hrs. A tail vein dose of PEGylated polyacridine peptide pGL3 polyplexes (1 μg in 50 μl), followed by a stimulatory hydrodynamic dose of normal saline at times ranging from 5–60 min post-DNA administration, led to a high level of luciferase expression in the liver, equivalent to levels mediated by direct hydrodynamic dosing of 1 μg of pGL3. The results establish the unique properties of PEGylated polyacridine peptides as a new and promising class of gene delivery peptides that facilitate reversible binding to plasmid DNA, protecting it from DNase in vivo resulting in an extended circulatory half-life, and release of transfection-competent DNA into the liver to mediate a high-level of gene expression upon hydrodynamic boost.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Fernandez
- Divisions of Pharmaceutics and Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Baumhover NJ, Anderson K, Fernandez CA, Rice KG. Synthesis and in vitro testing of new potent polyacridine-melittin gene delivery peptides. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:74-83. [PMID: 19968269 DOI: 10.1021/bc9003124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The combination of a polyacridine peptide modified with a melittin fusogenic peptide results in a potent gene transfer agent. Polyacridine peptides of the general formula (Acr-X)(n)-Cys were prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis, where Acr is Lys modified on its epsilon-amine with acridine, X is Arg, Leu, or Lys and n is 2, 3, or 4 repeats. The Cys residue was modified by either a maleimide-melittin or a thiolpyridine-Cys-melittin fusogenic peptide resulting in reducible or non-reducible polyacridine-melittin peptides. Hemolysis assays established that polyacridine-melittin peptides retained their membrane lytic potency relative to melittin at pH 7.4 and 5. When combined with plasmid DNA, the membrane lytic potency of polyacridine-melittin peptides was neutralized. Gene transfer experiments in multiple cell lines established that polyacridine-melittin peptides mediate expression as efficiently as PEI. The expression was very dependent upon a disulfide bond linking polyacridine to melittin. The gene transfer was most efficient when X is Arg and n is 3 or 4 repeats. These studies establish polyacridine peptides as a novel DNA binding anchor peptide.
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Numata K, Hamasaki J, Subramanian B, Kaplan DL. Gene delivery mediated by recombinant silk proteins containing cationic and cell binding motifs. J Control Release 2010; 146:136-43. [PMID: 20457191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Revised: 04/24/2010] [Accepted: 05/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Silk proteins are biodegradable and biocompatible, and can also be tailored to contain additional features via genetic engineering, suggesting utility for gene delivery. In the present study, novel silk-based block copolymers were bioengineered both with poly(L-lysine) domains to interact with plasmid DNA (pDNA) and RGD, to enhance cell-binding and transfection efficiency. Ionic complexes of these silk-polylysine-RGD block copolymers with pDNA were prepared, characterized and utilized for gene delivery to HeLa cells and human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells. The material systems were characterized by agarose gel electrophoresis, zeta-potentialmeter, atomic force microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Sizes and charges of the pDNA complexes were regulated by the polymer/nucleotide molar ratio. Samples with 30-lysine residues and 11 RGD sequences, prepared at the ratio of number of amines/phosphates from pDNA (N/P) of 2, had an average solution diameter of 186 nm and showed the highest transfection efficiency. The intracellular distribution of complexes of Cy5-labeled pDNA was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The Cy5-labeled pDNA was distributed near the cell membrane and around the nuclei, indicating that the pDNA was transferred near the nucleus. The results demonstrated the potential of bioengineered silk proteins with additional functional features as a new family of highly tailored gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Numata
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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19
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Gene therapy: a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling overview. Pharm Res 2010; 27:1487-97. [PMID: 20387096 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-010-0136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since gene therapy started over 20 years ago, more than one-thousand clinical trials have been carried out. Nonviral vectors present interesting properties for their clinical application, but their efficiency in vivo is relatively low, and further improvements in these vectors are needed. Elucidating how nonviral vectors behave at the intracellular level is enlightening for vector improvement and optimization. Model-based approach is a powerful tool to understand and describe the different processes that gene transfer systems should overcome inside the body. Model-based approach allows for proposing and predicting the effect of parameter changes on the overall gene therapy response, as well as the known application of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling in conventional therapies. The objective of this paper is to critically review the works in which the time-course of naked or formulated DNA have been quantitatively studied or modelled.
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