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Agbana P, Park JE, Rychahou P, Kim KB, Bae Y. Carfilzomib-Loaded Ternary Polypeptide Nanoparticles Stabilized by Polycationic Complexation. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:711-717. [PMID: 37673172 PMCID: PMC10979393 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a second-generation proteasome inhibitor showing great efficacy in multiple myeloma treatment, yet its clinical applications for other diseases such as solid cancers are limited due to low aqueous solubility and poor biostability. Ternary polypeptide nanoparticles (tPNPs) are drug carriers that we previously reported to overcome these pharmaceutical limitations by entrapping CFZ in the core of the nanoparticles and protecting the drugs from degradation in biological media. However, preclinical studies revealed that tPNPs would require further improvement in particle stability to suppress initial burst drug release and thus achieve prolonged inhibition of proteasome activity with CFZ against tumor cells in vivo. In this study, CFZ-loaded tPNPs are stabilized by polycations which have varying pKa values and thus differently modulate nanoparticle stability in response to solution pH. Through polyion complexation, the polycations appeared to stabilize the core of tPNPs entrapping CFZ-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes while allowing for uniform particle size before and after freeze drying. Interestingly, CFZ-loaded tPNPs (CFZ/tPNPs) showed pH-dependent drug release kinetics, which accelerated CFZ release as solution acidity increased (pH < 6) without compromising particle stability at the physiological condition (pH 7.4). In vitro cytotoxicity and proteasome activity assays confirmed that tPNPs stabilized with cationic polymers improved bioactivity of CFZ against CFZ-resistant cancer cells, which would be greatly beneficial in combination with pH-dependent drug release for treatment of solid cancers with drug resistance and tumor microenvironment acidosis by using CFZ and other proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preye Agbana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Piotr Rychahou
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Kyung-Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Younsoo Bae
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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2
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Gómez-Lázaro L, Martín-Sabroso C, Aparicio-Blanco J, Torres-Suárez AI. Assessment of In Vitro Release Testing Methods for Colloidal Drug Carriers: The Lack of Standardized Protocols. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:103. [PMID: 38258113 PMCID: PMC10819705 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Although colloidal carriers have been in the pipeline for nearly four decades, standardized methods for testing their drug-release properties remain to be established in pharmacopeias. The in vitro assessment of drug release from these colloidal carriers is one of the most important parameters in the development and quality control of drug-loaded nano- and microcarriers. This lack of standardized protocols occurs due to the difficulties encountered in separating the released drug from the encapsulated one. This review aims to compare the most frequent types of release testing methods (i.e., membrane diffusion techniques, sample and separate methods and in situ detection techniques) in terms of the advantages and disadvantages of each one and of the key parameters that influence drug release in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gómez-Lázaro
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-L.); (C.M.-S.); (A.I.T.-S.)
| | - Cristina Martín-Sabroso
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-L.); (C.M.-S.); (A.I.T.-S.)
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, Complutense University Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Aparicio-Blanco
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-L.); (C.M.-S.); (A.I.T.-S.)
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, Complutense University Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Torres-Suárez
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-L.); (C.M.-S.); (A.I.T.-S.)
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, Complutense University Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Chen C, Sun M, Wang J, Su L, Lin J, Yan X. Active cargo loading into extracellular vesicles: Highlights the heterogeneous encapsulation behaviour. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12163. [PMID: 34719860 PMCID: PMC8558234 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have demonstrated unique advantages in serving as nanocarriers for drug delivery, yet the cargo encapsulation efficiency is far from expectation, especially for hydrophilic chemotherapeutic drugs. Besides, the intrinsic heterogeneity of EVs renders it difficult to evaluate drug encapsulation behaviour. Inspired by the active drug loading strategy of liposomal nanomedicines, here we report the development of a method, named "Sonication and Extrusion-assisted Active Loading" (SEAL), for effective and stable drug encapsulation of EVs. Using doxorubicin-loaded milk-derived EVs (Dox-mEVs) as the model system, sonication was applied to temporarily permeabilize the membrane, facilitating the influx of ammonium sulfate solution into the lumen to establish the transmembrane ion gradient essential for active loading. Along with extrusion to downsize large mEVs, homogenize particle size and reshape the nonspherical or multilamellar vesicles, SEAL showed around 10-fold enhancement of drug encapsulation efficiency compared with passive loading. Single-particle analysis by nano-flow cytometry was further employed to reveal the heterogeneous encapsulation behaviour of Dox-mEVs which would otherwise be overlooked by bulk-based approaches. Correlation analysis between doxorubicin auto-fluorescence and the fluorescence of a lipophilic dye DiD suggested that only the lipid-enclosed particles were actively loadable. Meanwhile, immunofluorescence analysis revealed that more than 85% of the casein positive particles was doxorubicin free. These findings further inspired the development of the lipid-probe- and immuno-mediated magnetic isolation techniques to selectively remove the contaminants of non-lipid enclosed particles and casein assemblies, respectively. Finally, the intracellular assessments confirmed the superior performance of SEAL-prepared mEV formulations, and demonstrated the impact of encapsulation heterogeneity on therapeutic outcome. The as-developed cargo-loading approach and nano-flow cytometry-based characterization method will provide an instructive insight in the development of EV-based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxiang Chen
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenFujianPeople's Republic of China
| | - Mengdi Sun
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenFujianPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenFujianPeople's Republic of China
| | - Liyun Su
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianPeople's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Lin
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Food and Biological EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamenFujianPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- Department of Chemical Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianPeople's Republic of China
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4
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Jackson S, Agbana P, Kim KB, Bae Y. Effects of Organic Acids on Drug Release From Ternary Polypeptide Nanoparticles Entrapping Carfilzomib. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:1172-1177. [PMID: 34551351 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is an FDA-approved proteasome inhibitor with antineoplastic properties against various cancers, yet its short blood retention time after intravenous injection (< 30 min) makes clinical applications limited to multiple myeloma. We previously developed ternary polypeptide nanoparticles (tPNPs) as a new nanoparticle formulation of CFZ to overcome these limitations. The formulation was prepared by polyion complexation between poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-glutamate) block copolymers (PEG-PLE) and CFZ-cyclodextrin (CD) inclusion complexes, where CDs were positively charged with 7 primary amines attached while PEG-PLE carried 100 carboxyl groups per polymer chain. Although tPNPs greatly improved biostability of CFZ, CFZ-loaded tPNPs (CFZ-tPNPs) still showed burst drug release and mediocre drug retention under physiological conditions. To address these issues, organic acids are tested as stabilizers in this study to improve particle stability and drug retention for tPNPs. Charge densities in the core of CFZ-tPNPs were optimized with selected organic acids such as citric acid (CA) and lactic acid (LA) at varying mixing ratios. Organic acids successfully maintained small particle size suitable for intravenous injection and drug delivery (diameters < 60 nm), improved CFZ solubility (> 1 mg/mL), allowed for lyophilization and easy reconstitution in various buffers, enhanced drug retention (> 60% post 24 h incubation), and suppressed burst drug release in the first 6 h following solubilization. These results demonstrate that organic acid stabilized tPNPs are useful as an injection formulation of CFZ, which may expand the utility of the proteasome inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharonda Jackson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Preye Agbana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Kyung-Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Younsoo Bae
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Alhakamy NA, Ahmed OA, Fahmy UA, Asfour HZ, Alghaith AF, Mahdi WA, Alshehri S, Md S. Development, Optimization and Evaluation of 2-Methoxy-Estradiol Loaded Nanocarrier for Prostate Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:682337. [PMID: 34335251 PMCID: PMC8322574 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.682337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of antineoplastic agents possessing a selective target to the nucleus of the cancer cells could be enhanced through novel formulation approaches. Thus, toward the improvement of the anticancer potential of 2-methoxy estradiol (2 ME) on prostate cancer, the drug was entrapped into the hydrophobic micelles core formulated with Phospholipon 90G and d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS). Optimization of the formulation was done by Box-Behnken statistical design using Statgraphics software to standardize percentages of TPGS and phospholipid to obtain the smallest particle size. The optimized formulation was found to be spherical with nanometer size of 152 ± 5.2 nm, and low PDI (0.234). The entrapment efficiency of the micelles was 88.67 ± 3.21% with >93% release of 2 ME within 24 h. There was a 16-fold increase in apoptosis and an 8-fold increase in necrosis of the PC-3 cells when incubated with 2 ME micellar delivery compared to control cells (2.8 ± 0.2%). This increased apoptosis was further correlated with increased BAX expression (11.6 ± 0.7) and decreased BCL-2 expression (0.29 ± 0.05) in 2 ME micelles treated cells when compared to the control group. Further, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (∼50-fold) by the drug-loaded micelles and free drug compared to control cells was found to be due to the generation of ROS. Findings on cell cycle analysis revealed the significant arrest of the G2-M phase of the PC-3 cells when incubated with the optimized formulation. Simultaneously, a significantly increased number of cells in pre-G1 revealed the maximum apoptotic potential of the drug when delivered via micellar formulation. Finally, upregulation of caspase-9, p53, and NO, with downregulation of TNF-α, NF-κβ, and inflammatory mediators of the PC-3 cells established the superiority of the micellar approach against prostate cancer. In summary, the acquired results highlighted the potentiality of the 2 ME-micellar delivery tool for controlling the growth of prostate cancer cells for improved efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Usama A Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Z Asfour
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel F Alghaith
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael A Mahdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Jung BT, Lim M, Jung K, Li M, Dong H, Dube N, Xu T. Designing sub-20 nm self-assembled nanocarriers for small molecule delivery: Interplay among structural geometry, assembly energetics, and cargo release kinetics. J Control Release 2021; 329:538-551. [PMID: 32971202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biological constraints in diseased tissues have motivated the need for small nanocarriers (10-30 nm) to achieve sufficient vascular extravasation and pervasive tumor penetration. This particle size limit is only an order of magnitude larger than small molecules, such that cargo loading is better described by co-assembly processes rather than simple encapsulation. Understanding the structural, kinetic, and energetic contributions of carrier-cargo co-assembly is thus critical to achieve molecular-level control towards predictable in vivo behavior. These interconnected set of properties were systematically examined using sub-20 nm self-assembled nanocarriers known as three-helix micelles (3HM). Both hydrophobicity and the "geometric packing parameter" dictate small molecule compatibility with 3HM's alkyl tail core. Planar obelisk-like apomorphine and doxorubicin (DOX) molecules intercalated well within the 3HM core and near the core-shell interface, forming an integral component to the co-assembly, as corroborated by small-angle X-ray and neutron-scattering structural studies. DOX promoted crystalline alkyl tail ordering, which significantly increased (+63%) the activation energy of 3HM subunit exchange. Subsequently, 3HM-DOX displayed slow-release kinetics (t1/2 = 40 h) at physiological temperatures, with ~50× greater cargo preference for the micelle core as described by two drug partitioning coefficients (micellar core/shell Kp1 ~ 24, and shell/bulk solvent Kp2 ~ 2). The geometric and energetic insights between nanocarrier and their small molecule cargos developed here will aid in broader efforts to deconvolute the interconnected properties of carrier-drug co-assemblies. Adding this knowledge to pharmacological and immunological explorations will expand our understanding of nanomedicine behavior throughout all the physical and in vivo processes they are intended to encounter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benson T Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Marc Lim
- UCB-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Katherine Jung
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Michael Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - He Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Nikhil Dube
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 210 Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Material Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
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7
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Asem H, Zheng W, Nilsson F, Zhang Y, Hedenqvist MS, Hassan M, Malmström E. Functional Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery by Surface Engineering of Polymeric Nanoparticle Post-Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heba Asem
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Wenyi Zheng
- Division of Experimental Cancer Medicine (ECM), Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| | - Fritjof Nilsson
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
- Division of Polymeric Materials, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Yuning Zhang
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Mikael S. Hedenqvist
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
- Division of Polymeric Materials, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Division of Experimental Cancer Medicine (ECM), Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
- Clinical Research Centrum, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital-Huddinge, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| | - Eva Malmström
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Division of Coating Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-100 44, Sweden
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Frieboes HB, Raghavan S, Godin B. Modeling of Nanotherapy Response as a Function of the Tumor Microenvironment: Focus on Liver Metastasis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:1011. [PMID: 32974325 PMCID: PMC7466654 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) presents a challenging barrier for effective nanotherapy-mediated drug delivery to solid tumors. In particular for tumors less vascularized than the surrounding normal tissue, as in liver metastases, the structure of the organ itself conjures with cancer-specific behavior to impair drug transport and uptake by cancer cells. Cells and elements in the TME of hypovascularized tumors play a key role in the process of delivery and retention of anti-cancer therapeutics by nanocarriers. This brief review describes the drug transport challenges and how they are being addressed with advanced in vitro 3D tissue models as well as with in silico mathematical modeling. This modeling complements network-oriented techniques, which seek to interpret intra-cellular relevant pathways and signal transduction within cells and with their surrounding microenvironment. With a concerted effort integrating experimental observations with computational analyses spanning from the molecular- to the tissue-scale, the goal of effective nanotherapy customized to patient tumor-specific conditions may be finally realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann B. Frieboes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Shreya Raghavan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Biana Godin
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
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Jablonka L, Ashtikar M, Gao G, Jung F, Thurn M, Preuß A, Scheglmann D, Albrecht V, Röder B, Wacker MG. Advanced in silico modeling explains pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of temoporfin nanocrystals in humans. J Control Release 2019; 308:57-70. [PMID: 31247282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Foscan®, a formulation comprising temoporfin dissolved in a mixture of ethanol and propylene glycol, has been approved in Europe for palliative photodynamic therapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. During clinical and preclinical studies it was observed that considering the administration route, the drug presents a rather atypical plasma profile as plasma concentration peaks delayed. Possible explanations, as for example the formation of a drug depot or aggregation after intravenous administration, are discussed in current literature. In the present study an advanced in silico model was developed and evaluated for the detailed description of Foscan® pharmacokinetics. Therefore, in vitro release data obtained from experiments with the dispersion releaser technology investigating dissolution pressures of various release media on the drug as well as in vivo data obtained from a clinical study were included into the in silico models. Furthermore, precipitation experiments were performed in presence of biorelevant media and precipitates were analyzed by nanoparticle tracking analysis. Size analysis and particle fraction were also incorporated in this model and a sensitivity analysis was performed. An optimal description of the in vivo situation based on in vitro release and particle characterization data was achieved, as demonstrated by an absolute average fold error of 1.21. This in vitro-in vivo correlation provides an explanation for the pharmacokinetics of Foscan® in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jablonka
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt (Main), Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Mukul Ashtikar
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt (Main), Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Ge Gao
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt (Main), Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Fabian Jung
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt (Main), Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Manuela Thurn
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Project Group Translational Medicine and Pharmacology TMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt (Main), Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Annegret Preuß
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Volker Albrecht
- Biolitec research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Str. 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Beate Röder
- Department of Physics, Humboldt University Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117546, Singapore.
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Juriga D, Laszlo I, Ludanyi K, Klebovich I, Chae CH, Zrinyi M. Kinetics of dopamine release from poly(aspartamide)-based prodrugs. Acta Biomater 2018; 76:225-238. [PMID: 29940369 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of novel biocompatible and biodegradable polymer-based prodrugs that can be applied in complex drug delivery systems is one of the most researched fields in pharmaceutics. The kinetics of the drug release strongly depends on the physicochemical parameters of prodrugs as well as environmental properties, therefore precise kinetical description is crucial to design the appropriate polymer prodrug formula. The aim of the present study was to investigate the dopamine release from different poly(aspartamide) based dopamine drug conjugates in different environments and to work out a kinetic description which can be extended to describe drug release in similar systems. Poly(aspartamide) was conjugated with different amounts of dopamine. In order to alter the solubility of the conjugates, 2-aminoethanol was also grafted to the main chain. Chemical structure as well as physical properties such as solubility, lipophilicity measurements and thermogravimetric analysis has been carried out. Kinetics of dopamine release from the macromolecular prodrugs which has good water solubility has been studied and compared in different environments (phosphate buffer, Bromelain and α-Chymotrypsin). It was found that the kinetics of release in those solutions can be satisfactorily described by first order reaction rate. For poorly-soluble conjugates, the release of dopamine was considered as a result of coupling of diffusion and chemical reaction. Besides the time dependence of dopamine cleavage, a practical quantity, the half-life of the release of loading capacity has been introduced and evaluated. It was found, that dopamine containing macromolecular prodrugs exhibit prolonged release kinetics and the quantitative description of the kinetics, including the most important physical parameters provides a solid base for future pharmaceutical and medical studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Poly(aspartamide) based polymer-drug conjugates are promising for controlled and prolonged drug delivery due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study different poly(aspartamide) based dopamine conjugates were synthesized which can protect dopamine from deactivation in the human body. Since there is no satisfying kinetics description for drug release from covalent polymer-drug conjugates in the literature, dopamine release was investigated in different environments and a complete kinetical description was worked out. This study demonstrates that poly(aspartamide) is able to protect conjugated dopamine from deactivation and provide prolonged release in alkaline pH as well as in the presence of different enzymes. Furthermore, detailed kinetical descriptions were demonstrated which can be used in case of other covalent polymer-drug conjugates.
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Hassanzadeh P, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R. Ignoring the modeling approaches: Towards the shadowy paths in nanomedicine. J Control Release 2018; 280:58-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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A comparison of two biorelevant in vitro drug release methods for nanotherapeutics based on advanced physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 127:462-470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Nothnagel L, Wacker MG. How to measure release from nanosized carriers? Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 120:199-211. [PMID: 29751101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Novel drug delivery systems exhibit great potential in the formulation of poorly soluble compounds but have also been applied to reduce side effects of highly active drug molecules. Despite all efforts, there are only few technologies available to investigate the in vitro release of next-generation nanotherapeutics. In the following, different approaches for testing the drug release from nanoparticles in the fields of formulation development and quality control will be discussed. A variety of methods is available, starting from dialysis-based equipment, in situ measurements, flow-through devices and sample and separate setups. If possible, these methods should enable a more rapid formulation development and quality control of nanosized carriers as well as improve the prediction of in vivo performance and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Nothnagel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Nanosciences, Fraunhofer-Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Nanosciences, Fraunhofer-Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Hassanzadeh P, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R. Linkers: The key elements for the creation of efficient nanotherapeutics. J Control Release 2018; 270:260-267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Tethered polymer nanoassemblies for sustained carfilzomib release and prolonged suppression of proteasome activity. Ther Deliv 2017; 7:665-681. [PMID: 27790952 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2016-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Proteasome inhibitors, such as carfilzomib (CFZ), have shown potential to treat various types of cancers in preclinical models, but clinical applications are limited likely due to formulation and delivery issues. Results & methodology: Tethered polymer nanoassemblies (TNAs) were synthesized by tethering hydrophilic polymers and hydrophobic groups to charged polymer scaffolds, and then end-capping remaining amines on scaffold. Drug entrapment and drug release half-lives increased as charge was removed from scaffold. TNAs with sustained CFZ release maintained drug efficacy after preincubation and increased duration of proteasome inhibition in cancer cells compared with free CFZ. CONCLUSION TNAs fine-tuned CFZ release as charge was removed from polymer scaffold, which allowed for sustained proteasome inhibition in cancer cells and potentially enhanced anticancer efficacy.
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Comparison of Dialysis- and Solvatofluorochromism-Based Methods to Determine Drug Release Rates from Polymer Nanoassemblies. Pharm Res 2016; 34:394-407. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-2070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Curtis LT, Rychahou P, Bae Y, Frieboes HB. A Computational/Experimental Assessment of Antitumor Activity of Polymer Nanoassemblies for pH-Controlled Drug Delivery to Primary and Metastatic Tumors. Pharm Res 2016; 33:2552-64. [PMID: 27356524 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1981-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polymer nanoassemblies (PNAs) with drug release fine-tuned to occur in acidic tumor regions (pH < 7) while sparing normal tissues (pH = 7.4) were previously shown to hold promise as nanoparticle drug carriers to effectively suppress tumor growth with reduced systemic toxicity. However, therapeutic benefits of pH-controlled drug delivery remain elusive due to complex interactions between the drug carriers, tumor cells with varying drug sensitivity, and the tumor microenvironment. METHODS We implement a combined computational and experimental approach to evaluate the in vivo antitumor activity of acid-sensitive PNAs controlling drug release in pH 5 ~ 7.4 at different rates [PNA1 (fastest) > PNA2 > PNA3 (slowest)]. RESULTS Computational simulations projecting the transport, drug release, and antitumor activity of PNAs in primary and metastatic tumor models of colorectal cancer correspond well with experimental observations in vivo. The simulations also reveal that all PNAs could reach peak drug concentrations in tumors at 11 h post injection, while PNAs with slower drug release (PNA2 and PNA3) reduced tumor size more effectively than fast drug releasing PNA1 (24.5 and 20.3 vs 7.5%, respectively, as fraction of untreated control). CONCLUSION A combined computational/experimental approach may help to evaluate pH-controlled drug delivery targeting aggressive tumors that have substantial acidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis T Curtis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Lutz Hall 419, Louisville, Kentucky, 40208, USA
| | - Piotr Rychahou
- Markey Cancer Center and Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, 741 South Limestone,, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506, USA
| | - Younsoo Bae
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone,, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, USA.
| | - Hermann B Frieboes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, Lutz Hall 419, Louisville, Kentucky, 40208, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA. .,James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
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Reichel D, Rychahou P, Bae Y. Polymer nanoassemblies with solvato- and halo-fluorochromism for drug release monitoring and metastasis imaging. Ther Deliv 2015; 6:1221-37. [PMID: 26446432 PMCID: PMC4977001 DOI: 10.4155/tde.15.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theranostics, an emerging technique that combines therapeutic and diagnostic modalities for various diseases, holds promise to detect cancer in early stages, eradicate metastatic tumors and ultimately reduce cancer mortality. METHODS & RESULTS This study reports unique polymer nanoassemblies that increase fluorescence intensity upon addition of hydrophobic drugs and either increase or decrease fluorescence intensity in acidic environments, depending on nanoparticle core environment properties. Extensive spectroscopic analyses were performed to determine optimal excitation and emission wavelengths, which enabled real time measurement of drugs releasing from the nanoassemblies and ex vivo imaging of acidic liver metastatic tumors from mice. CONCLUSION Polymer nanoassemblies with solvato- and halo-fluorochromic properties are promising platforms to develop novel theranostic tools for the detection and treatment of metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Reichel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536–0596, USA
| | - Piotr Rychahou
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, CC140, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 741 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Younsoo Bae
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536–0596, USA
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Fugit KD, Xiang TX, Choi DH, Kangarlou S, Csuhai E, Bummer PM, Anderson BD. Mechanistic model and analysis of doxorubicin release from liposomal formulations. J Control Release 2015; 217:82-91. [PMID: 26310713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reliable and predictive models of drug release kinetics in vitro and in vivo are still lacking for liposomal formulations. Developing robust, predictive release models requires systematic, quantitative characterization of these complex drug delivery systems with respect to the physicochemical properties governing the driving force for release. These models must also incorporate changes in release due to the dissolution media and methods employed to monitor release. This paper demonstrates the successful development and application of a mathematical mechanistic model capable of predicting doxorubicin (DXR) release kinetics from liposomal formulations resembling the FDA-approved nanoformulation DOXIL® using dynamic dialysis. The model accounts for DXR equilibria (e.g. self-association, precipitation, ionization), the change in intravesicular pH due to ammonia release, and dialysis membrane transport of DXR. The model was tested using a Box-Behnken experimental design in which release conditions including extravesicular pH, ammonia concentration in the release medium, and the dilution of the formulation (i.e. suspension concentration) were varied. Mechanistic model predictions agreed with observed DXR release up to 19h. The predictions were similar to a computer fit of the release data using an empirical model often employed for analyzing data generated from this type of experimental design. Unlike the empirical model, the mechanistic model was also able to provide reasonable predictions of release outside the tested design space. These results illustrate the usefulness of mechanistic modeling to predict drug release from liposomal formulations in vitro and its potential for future development of in vitro - in vivo correlations for complex nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle D Fugit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, US
| | - Tian-Xiang Xiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, US
| | - Du H Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Sogol Kangarlou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, US
| | - Eva Csuhai
- Division of Natural Sciences and Math, Transylvania University, Lexington, KY 40508, US
| | - Paul M Bummer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, US
| | - Bradley D Anderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, US.
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