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Pasvolsky O, Heiman L, Popovtzer A, Zimra Y, Rabizadeh E, Barshack I, Mardoukh C, Raanani P, Rozovski U. Genomic analysis of metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma masquerading as acute leukemia. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 216:152779. [PMID: 31813602 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Blast appearing cells in the peripheral blood and bone marrow may occasionally arise from non-hematopoietic tissues. We present a 58 year old female who presented at our emergency room with symptomatic pancytopenia. Several months earlier she was diagnosed and treated for rhabdomyosracoma of the nasopharynx and entered remission. When we examined the bone-marrow aspirate we estimated the number of blasts at 25 %. Based on this evaluation, a provisional diagnosis of acute leukemia was made. However, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analysis revealed that the cells presumed to be blasts were in fact rhabdomyosarcoma cells masquerading as leukemia. The mutational landscapes of the primary tumor and the bone marrow metastasis had similar yet distinct profiles. Annotation analysis suggested that the primary and metastatic tumors use alternate mutations to activate the RAS/AKT signaling pathways. In this case, looking beyond the mutational profiling revealed an additional layer of similarity between both the original and metastatic samples, exposing a common and possibly targetable pathway. Application of annotation tools in clinical practice could enable extraction of valuable information from somatic mutational gene panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Pasvolsky
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lucille Heiman
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Pathology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Aron Popovtzer
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Head and Neck Tumor Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Yael Zimra
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Esther Rabizadeh
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Hemato-Oncology Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Iris Barshack
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - Corine Mardoukh
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - Pia Raanani
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Uri Rozovski
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Center, Beilinson Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel; Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Phase 2 study using oral thalidomide-cyclophosphamide-prednisone for idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease. Blood 2019; 133:1720-1728. [PMID: 30760451 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-11-884577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. The anti–interleukin 6 (IL-6) therapy siltuximab is not available everywhere, and is not effective for over one-half of patients. Alternative treatment approaches are urgently needed. In the first iMCD clinical trial directed against a target other than IL-6 signaling, we investigated a thalidomide-cyclophosphamide-prednisone (TCP) regimen in newly diagnosed iMCD patients. This single-center, single-arm, phase 2 study enrolled 25 newly diagnosed iMCD patients between June 2015 and June 2018. The TCP regimen (thalidomide 100 mg daily for 2 years; oral cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m2 weekly for 1 year; prednisone 1 mg/kg twice a week for 1 year) was administered for 2 years or until treatment failure. The primary end point was durable tumor and symptomatic response for at least 24 weeks. Twelve patients (48%) achieved the primary end point with no relapse, 3 patients (12%) demonstrated stable disease, and 10 patients (40%) were evaluated as treatment failure. Even when considering all patients, there were significant (P < .05) improvements in median symptom score, IL-6 level, hemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, albumin, and immunoglobulin G. Among responders, the median levels of all evaluated parameters significantly improved, to the normal range, after treatment. The regimen was well tolerated. One patient died of pulmonary infection and 1 patient had a grade 3 adverse event (rash); 2 patients died following disease progression. Estimated 1-year progression-free survival and overall survival were 60% and 88%, respectively. The TCP regimen is an effective and safe treatment of newly diagnosed iMCD patients, particularly when siltuximab is unavailable. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03043105.
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Secondary Hodgkin Lymphoma and Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) After Paclitaxel-Carboplatin Treatment in a Patient with Small Cell Lung Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 38:97-103. [PMID: 29668470 DOI: 10.2478/prilozi-2018-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein synchronous occurrence of Hodgkin lymphoma and secondary myelodysplastic syndrome in a 60 year old male patient with small cell lung cancer treated with combined chemotherapy (carboplatin and paclitaxel) and radiotherapy is presented. The objective of this report is to stress the importance of documenting and monitoring adverse drug reactions that arise from chemotherapy. After four years of treatment with the combined chemotherapy, the patient presented inguinal lymphadenopathy and enlarged lymph nodes and histopathology rapport was suggestive for plasmacytoid variant of Castleman disease. Three years later, biopsy of lymph node was performed and diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma - mixed cellularity has been established. Molecular analyses revealed presence of dominant monoclonal population of the immunoglobulin genes in the oligo/monoclonal background. Bone marrow biopsy findings suggested secondary myelodysplasia and revealed signs of hematopoietic cells dismaturation with signs of megaloblastic maturation of the erytropoetic lineage, appearance of ALIP (abnormal localization of immature precursors) in the myeloid lineage and dysplastic megakaryocytes. In addition, an increased level of polyclonal plasmacytes (lambda vs kappa was 60%:40%) was found. Hodgkin lymphoma and MDS occurring after 4 years of carboplatin/paclitaxel therapy might be contributed to the accumulation of alkylator-related DNA damage. This emphasize the need of outlining a monitoring plan regarding development of secondary leukemia and other malignant hematological proliferations should be outlined in the protocols.
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Lu QS, Xu N, Zhou X, Cai GX, Li L, Li YL, Lu ZY, Huang JX, Liu QF, Liu XL. [Clinical characteristics and prognosis of 35 patients with therapy-related hematological neoplasms]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2017; 37:221-6. [PMID: 27033760 PMCID: PMC7342953 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
目的 探讨治疗相关血液肿瘤的临床特征及预后。 方法 采用细胞形态学、流式细胞术、间期荧光原位杂交技术(I-FISH)、染色体核型分析对35例治疗相关血液肿瘤患者进行诊断和分型并回顾性分析其临床特征及预后。 结果 35例患者中,治疗相关急性髓系白血病(t-AML)20例,治疗相关急性淋巴细胞白血病(t-ALL)4例,治疗相关急性混合细胞白血病1例,治疗相关非霍奇金淋巴瘤(t-NHL) 8例,治疗相关骨髓增生异常综合征(t-MDS)2例。第一肿瘤至治疗相关恶性血液肿瘤的中位发病间隔期为29(16~90)个月,中位生存时间14(1~60)个月,3年累积生存率为17.1%。在25例治疗相关性急性白血病患者中,40.0%(10/25)合并复杂核型,36.0%(9/25)合并MLL断裂基因重排,12.0%(3/25)合并AML-ETO融合基因阳性,1例合并NPM1点突变,1例合并P16基因缺失。 结论 治疗相关血液肿瘤患者的预后差。
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Affiliation(s)
- Q S Lu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
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Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia in autoimmune diseases: caveats and pitfalls. Int J Clin Pharm 2015; 37:673-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s11096-015-0173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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