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Duan Y, Wang L, Li X, Wang W, Wang J, Liu X, Zhong Y, Cao N, Tong M, Ge W, Guo Y, Li R. Arabidopsis SKU5 Similar 11 and 12 play crucial roles in pollen tube integrity, growth and guidance. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:598-614. [PMID: 34775642 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pollen tube integrity, growth and guidance are crucial factors in plant sexual reproduction. Members of the plant Skewed5 (SKU5) Similar (SKS) family show strong similarity to multicopper oxidases (MCOs), but they lack conserved histidines in MCO active sites. The functions of most SKS family members are unknown. Here, we show that Arabidopsis pollen-expressed SKS11 and SKS12 play important roles in pollen tube integrity, growth and guidance. The sks11sks12 mutant exhibited significantly reduced male fertility. Most of the pollen from sks11sks12 plants burst when germinated, and the pollen tubes grew slowly and exhibited defective growth along the funiculus and micropyle. SKS11-GFP and SKS12-mCherry were detected at the cell wall in pollen tubes. The contents of several cell wall polysaccharides and arabinogalactans were decreased in the pollen tube cell walls of sks11sks12 plants. Staining with a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive dye and use of the H2 O2 sensor HyPer revealed that the ROS content in the pollen tubes of sks11sks12 plants was remarkably reduced. SKS11444His-Ala , in which the last conserved histidine was mutated, could restore the mutant phenotypes of sks11sks12. Thus, SKS11/12 are required for pollen tube integrity, growth and guidance possibly by regulating the ROS level and cell wall polysaccharide deposition or remodeling in pollen tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Duan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Limin Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Xueling Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Wanlei Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Zhong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Nana Cao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Mengjuan Tong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Weina Ge
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Yi Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Normal University, Shijia Zhuang, Hebei, 050024, P.R. China
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Chen Y, Zhu W, Shi S, Wu L, Du S, Jin L, Yang K, Zhao W, Yang J, Guo L, Wang Z, Zhang Y. Use of RNAi With OsMYB76R as a Reporter for Candidate Genes Can Efficiently Create and Verify Gametophytic Male Sterility in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:728193. [PMID: 34552609 PMCID: PMC8451479 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.728193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gametophytic male sterility (GMS) plays an important role in the study of pollen development and seed propagation of recessive nuclear male sterile lines insensitive to the environmental conditions in hybrid rice breeding. Since the inherent phenotypic and genetic characteristics of GMS, it is very difficult to find and identify the GMS mutants. However, due to the abundance of gene transcription data, a large number of pollen-specific genes have been found, and most of them may be associated with GMS. To promote the study of these genes in pollen development and heterosis utilization, in this study, an easy and efficient method of creating and identifying GMS was established using RNAi and OsMYB76R as a reporter. First, the OsC1/OsMYB76 gene involved in anthocyanin synthesis was modified, and we have validated that the modified OsMYB76R is workable as the same as the pre-modified OsMYB76 gene. Then, the ascorbic acid oxidase gene OsPTD1 was downregulated using RNAi, driven by its own promoter that resulted in abnormal pollen tube growth. Finally, the RNAi elements were linked with OsMYB76R and transformed into an osmyb76 mutant, and the distortion of purple color segregation was found in T1 and F1 generations. This indicates that the OsPTD1 GMS was prepared successfully. Compared to current methods, there are several advantages to this method. First, time is saved in material preparation, as one generation less needs to be compared than in the conventional method, and mutation screening can be avoided. In addition, for identification, the cost is lower; PCR, electrophoresis, and other processes are not needed; and no expensive chemicals or instruments are required. Finally, the results are more accurate, with much lower background effects, and no damage to the plant. The result is an easy, efficient, low-cost, and accurate method of preparing and identifying GMS genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Shudan Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Lina Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuanglin Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Liangshen Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Kuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenjia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongwei Wang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology in Yunnan, School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Scarpin MR, Sigaut L, Temprana SG, Boccaccio GL, Pietrasanta LI, Muschietti JP. Two Arabidopsis late pollen transcripts are detected in cytoplasmic granules. PLANT DIRECT 2017; 1:e00012. [PMID: 31245661 PMCID: PMC6508577 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Many of mRNAs synthesized during pollen development are translated after germination, and we hypothesize that they are stored in cytoplasmic granules. We analyzed the cellular localization of the SKS14 and AT59 Arabidopsis mRNAs, which are orthologues of the tobacco NTP303 and tomato LAT59 pollen mRNAs, respectively, by artificially labeling the transcripts with a MS2-GFP chimera. A MATLAB-automated image analysis helped to identify the presence of cytoplasmic SKS14 and AT59 mRNA granules in mature pollen grains. These mRNA granules partially colocalized with VCS and DCP1, two processing body (PB) proteins. Finally, we found a temporal correlation between SKS14 protein accumulation and the disappearance of SKS14 mRNA granules during pollen germination. These results contribute to unveil a mechanism for translational regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- María R. Scarpin
- Instituto de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor N. Torres” (INGEBI‐CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Lorena Sigaut
- Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA‐CONICET)Departamento de FísicaFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresCiudad UniversitariaBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Silvio G. Temprana
- Fundación Instituto LeloirIIBBA‐CONICETFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesDepartamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y CelularUniversidad de Buenos AiresCiudad UniversitariaBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Graciela L. Boccaccio
- Fundación Instituto LeloirIIBBA‐CONICETFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesDepartamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y CelularUniversidad de Buenos AiresCiudad UniversitariaBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Lía I. Pietrasanta
- Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA‐CONICET)Departamento de FísicaFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresCiudad UniversitariaBuenos AiresArgentina
- Centro de Microscopías AvanzadasFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresCiudad UniversitariaBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Jorge P. Muschietti
- Instituto de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor N. Torres” (INGEBI‐CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología ExperimentalFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresCiudad UniversitariaBuenos AiresArgentina
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Alagna F, Cirilli M, Galla G, Carbone F, Daddiego L, Facella P, Lopez L, Colao C, Mariotti R, Cultrera N, Rossi M, Barcaccia G, Baldoni L, Muleo R, Perrotta G. Transcript Analysis and Regulative Events during Flower Development in Olive (Olea europaea L.). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152943. [PMID: 27077738 PMCID: PMC4831748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification and characterization of transcripts involved in flower organ development, plant reproduction and metabolism represent key steps in plant phenotypic and physiological pathways, and may generate high-quality transcript variants useful for the development of functional markers. This study was aimed at obtaining an extensive characterization of the olive flower transcripts, by providing sound information on the candidate MADS-box genes related to the ABC model of flower development and on the putative genetic and molecular determinants of ovary abortion and pollen-pistil interaction. The overall sequence data, obtained by pyrosequencing of four cDNA libraries from flowers at different developmental stages of three olive varieties with distinct reproductive features (Leccino, Frantoio and Dolce Agogia), included approximately 465,000 ESTs, which gave rise to more than 14,600 contigs and approximately 92,000 singletons. As many as 56,700 unigenes were successfully annotated and provided gene ontology insights into the structural organization and putative molecular function of sequenced transcripts and deduced proteins in the context of their corresponding biological processes. Differentially expressed genes with potential regulatory roles in biosynthetic pathways and metabolic networks during flower development were identified. The gene expression studies allowed us to select the candidate genes that play well-known molecular functions in a number of biosynthetic pathways and specific biological processes that affect olive reproduction. A sound understanding of gene functions and regulatory networks that characterize the olive flower is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiammetta Alagna
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Cirilli
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecophysiology and Biotechnology of Woody Plants, Department of Agricultural and Forestry Science, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Giulio Galla
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Genomics, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carbone
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TRISAIA Research Center, Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Loretta Daddiego
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TRISAIA Research Center, Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Paolo Facella
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TRISAIA Research Center, Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Loredana Lopez
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TRISAIA Research Center, Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Chiara Colao
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecophysiology and Biotechnology of Woody Plants, Department of Agricultural and Forestry Science, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Roberto Mariotti
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
| | - Nicolò Cultrera
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
| | - Martina Rossi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gianni Barcaccia
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Genomics, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Luciana Baldoni
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
- * E-mail: (RM); (LB)
| | - Rosario Muleo
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecophysiology and Biotechnology of Woody Plants, Department of Agricultural and Forestry Science, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
- * E-mail: (RM); (LB)
| | - Gaetano Perrotta
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TRISAIA Research Center, Rotondella (MT), Italy
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Lambret-Frotté J, Artico S, Muniz Nardeli S, Fonseca F, Brilhante Oliveira-Neto O, Grossi-de-Sá MF, Alves-Ferreira M. Promoter isolation and characterization of GhAO-like1, a Gossypium hirsutum gene similar to multicopper oxidases that is highly expressed in reproductive organs. Genome 2015; 59:23-36. [PMID: 26692462 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2015-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is one of the most economically important cultivated crops. It is the major source of natural fiber for the textile industry and an important target for genetic modification for both biotic stress and herbicide tolerance. Therefore, the characterization of genes and regulatory regions that might be useful for genetic transformation is indispensable. The isolation and characterization of new regulatory regions is of great importance to drive transgene expression in genetically modified crops. One of the major drawbacks in cotton production is pest damage; therefore, the most promising, cost-effective, and sustainable method for pest control is the development of genetically resistant cotton lines. Considering this scenario, our group isolated and characterized the promoter region of a MCO (multicopper oxidase) from Gossypium hirsutum, named GhAO-like1 (ascorbate oxidase-like1). The quantitative expression, together with the in vivo characterization of the promoter region reveals that GhAO-like1 has a flower- and fruit-specific expression pattern. The GUS activity is mainly observed in stamens, as expected considering that the GhAO-like1 regulatory sequence is enriched in cis elements, which have been characterized as a target of reproductive tissue specific transcription factors. Both histological and quantitative analyses in Arabidopsis thaliana have confirmed flower (mainly in stamens) and fruit expression of GhAO-like1. In the present paper, we isolated and characterized both in silico and in vivo the promoter region of the GhAO-like1 gene. The regulatory region of GhAO-like1 might be useful to confer tissue-specific expression in genetically modified plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lambret-Frotté
- a Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sinara Artico
- a Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sarah Muniz Nardeli
- a Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernando Fonseca
- b Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Fatima Grossi-de-Sá
- b Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.,c Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB), Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcio Alves-Ferreira
- a Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Hafidh S, Breznenová K, Růžička P, Feciková J, Čapková V, Honys D. Comprehensive analysis of tobacco pollen transcriptome unveils common pathways in polar cell expansion and underlying heterochronic shift during spermatogenesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 12:24. [PMID: 22340370 PMCID: PMC3305590 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many flowering plants produce bicellular pollen. The two cells of the pollen grain are destined for separate fates in the male gametophyte, which provides a unique opportunity to study genetic interactions that govern guided single-cell polar expansion of the growing pollen tube and the coordinated control of germ cell division and sperm cell fate specification. We applied the Agilent 44 K tobacco gene chip to conduct the first transcriptomic analysis of the tobacco male gametophyte. In addition, we performed a comparative study of the Arabidopsis root-hair trichoblast transcriptome to evaluate genetic factors and common pathways involved in polarized cell-tip expansion. RESULTS Progression of pollen grains from freshly dehisced anthers to pollen tubes 4 h after germination is accompanied with > 5,161 (14.9%) gametophyte-specific expressed probes active in at least one of the developmental stages. In contrast, > 18,821 (54.4%) probes were preferentially expressed in the sporophyte. Our comparative approach identified a subset of 104 pollen tube-expressed genes that overlap with root-hair trichoblasts. Reverse genetic analysis of selected candidates demonstrated that Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (CSD1), a WD-40 containing protein (BP130384), and Replication factor C1 (NtRFC1) are among the central regulators of pollen-tube tip growth. Extension of our analysis beyond the second haploid mitosis enabled identification of an opposing-dynamic accumulation of core regulators of cell proliferation and cell fate determinants in accordance with the progression of the germ cell cycle. CONCLUSIONS The current study provides a foundation to isolate conserved regulators of cell tip expansion and those that are unique for pollen tube growth to the female gametophyte. A transcriptomic data set is presented as a benchmark for future functional studies using developing pollen as a model. Our results demonstrated previously unknown functions of certain genes in pollen-tube tip growth. In addition, we highlighted the molecular dynamics of core cell-cycle regulators in the male gametophyte and postulated the first genetic model to account for the differential timing of spermatogenesis among angiosperms and its coordination with female gametogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Hafidh
- Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Breznenová
- Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Růžička
- Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Feciková
- Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Věra Čapková
- Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - David Honys
- Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- Department of Plant Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 5, 128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic
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Ushijima K, Nakano R, Bando M, Shigezane Y, Ikeda K, Namba Y, Kume S, Kitabata T, Mori H, Kubo Y. Isolation of the floral morph-related genes in heterostylous flax (Linum grandiflorum): the genetic polymorphism and the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations of the S locus. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 69:317-31. [PMID: 21923744 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Heterostylous species have two types of flowers, thrum and pin morphs, and these are controlled by a single diallelic locus designated the 'S locus'; fertilization between these two types of flowers is successful. The S gene and the molecular mechanism by which it operates remain to be uncovered, although heterostyly has been studied since the time of Darwin. We compared transcripts and proteins of the thrum and pin flowers of heterostylous flax (Linum grandiflorum) to characterize the molecular differences between them and to elucidate the molecular machinery of heterostyly. Twelve floral morph-related genes were eventually isolated by an integrated study of subtraction and 2D-PAGE analyses, and four genes, TSS1, LgAP1, LgMYB21 and LgSKS1, were predicted to be related to heterostyly. TSS1, a thrum style-specific gene, showed some features suitable for the S gene. Although its biological function is unclear, TSS1 was expressed only in the thrum style and is probably linked to the S locus. LgMYB21, another thrum style gene, would be involved in floral morphogenesis. LgMYB21 was highly expressed in the thrum style, which is shorter than the pin style, and its overexpression in Arabidopsis reduced pistil length. Furthermore, a comparison of transcript and protein accumulations showed no differences in the mRNA accumulation of some thrum-specific proteins, including LgSKS1, suggesting that these are regulated by floral morph-specific post-transcriptional regulation. The Linum S locus regulates not only S specificity but also many floral phenotypes. Dynamic regulation of transcripts and proteins would be necessary for the pleiotropic function of the Linum S locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Ushijima
- Graduate School of Natural Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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Dickinson HG, Grant-Downton R. Bridging the generation gap: flowering plant gametophytes and animal germlines reveal unexpected similarities. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2009; 84:589-615. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.2009.00088.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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9
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Honys D, Rĕnák D, Feciková J, Jedelský PL, Nebesárová J, Dobrev P, Capková V. Cytoskeleton-associated large RNP complexes in tobacco male gametophyte (EPPs) are associated with ribosomes and are involved in protein synthesis, processing, and localization. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:2015-31. [PMID: 19714881 DOI: 10.1021/pr8009897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The progamic phase of male gametophyte development involves activation of synthetic and catabolic processes required for the rapid growth of the pollen tube. It is well-established that both transcription and translation play an important role in global and specific gene expression patterns during pollen maturation. On the contrary, germination of many pollen species has been shown to be largely independent of transcription but vitally dependent on translation of stored mRNAs. Here, we report the first structural and proteomic data about large ribonucleoprotein particles (EPPs) in tobacco male gametophyte. These complexes are formed in immature pollen where they contain translationally silent mRNAs. Although massively activated at the early progamic phase, they also serve as a long-term storage of mRNA transported along with the translational machinery to the tip region. Moreover, EPPs were shown to contain ribosomal subunits, rRNAs and a set of mRNAs. Presented results extend our view of EPP complexes from mere RNA storage and transport compartment in particular stages of pollen development to the complex and well-organized machinery devoted to mRNA storage, transport and subsequent controlled activation resulting in protein synthesis, processing and precise localization. Such an organization is extremely useful in fast tip-growing pollen tube. There, massive and orchestrated protein synthesis, processing, and transport must take place in accurately localized regions. Moreover, presented complex role of EPPs in tobacco cytoplasmic mRNA and protein metabolism makes them likely to be active in another plant species too. Expression of vast majority of the closest orthologues of EPP proteins also in Arabidopsis male gametophyte further extends this concept from tobacco to Arabidopsis, the model species with advanced tricellular pollen.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Honys
- Laboratory of Pollen Biology, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, v. v. i., Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Nizampatnam NR, Doodhi H, Kalinati Narasimhan Y, Mulpuri S, Viswanathaswamy DK. Expression of sunflower cytoplasmic male sterility-associated open reading frame, orfH522 induces male sterility in transgenic tobacco plants. PLANTA 2009; 229:987-1001. [PMID: 19151958 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-009-0888-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 01/03/2009] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Sterility in the universally exploited PET1-CMS system of sunflower is associated with the expression of orfH522, a novel mitochondrial gene. Definitive evidence that ORFH522 is directly responsible for male sterility is lacking. To test the hypothesis that ORFH522 is sufficient to induce male sterility, a set of chimeric constructs were developed. The cDNA of orfH522 was cloned in-frame with yeast coxIV pre-sequence, and was expressed under tapetum-specific promoter TA29 (construct designated as TCON). For developing control vectors, orfH522 was cloned without the transit peptide under TA29 promoter (TON) or orfH522 was cloned with or without transit peptide under the constitutive CaMV35S promoter (SCOP and SOP). Among several independent transformants obtained with each of the gene cassettes, one third of the transgenics (6/17) with TCON were completely male sterile while more than 10 independent transformants obtained with each of the control vectors were fertile. The male sterile plants were morphologically similar to fertile plants, but had anthers that remained below the stigmatic surface at anthesis. RT-PCR analysis of the sterile plants confirmed the anther-specific expression of orfH522 and bright-field microscopy demonstrated ablation of the tapetal cell layer. Premature DNA fragmentation and programmed cell death was observed at meiosis stage in the anthers of sterile plants. Stable transmission of induced male sterility trait was confirmed in test cross progeny. This constitutes the first report at demonstrating the induction of male sterility by introducing orfH522 gene that could be useful for genetic engineering of male sterility.
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Chen D, Zhao J. Free IAA in stigmas and styles during pollen germination and pollen tube growth of Nicotiana tabacum. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2008; 134:202-15. [PMID: 18485059 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2008.01125.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Although many studies have emphasized the importance of auxin in plant growth and development, the thorough understanding of its effect on pollen-pistil interactions is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of free IAA in pollen-pistil interactions during pollen germination and tube growth in Nicotiana tabacum L. through using histo and subcellular immunolocalization with auxin monoclonal antibodies, quantification by HPLC and ELISA together with GUS staining in DR5::GUS-transformed plants. The results showed that free IAA in unpollinated styles was higher in the apical part and basal part than in the middle part, and it was more abundant in the transmitting tissue (TT). At the stage of pollen germination, IAA reached its highest content in the stigma and was mainly distributed in TT. After the pollen tubes entered the styles, the signal increased in the part where pollen tubes would enter and then rapidly declined in the part where pollen tubes had penetrated. Subcellular localization confirmed the presence of IAA in TT cells of stigmas and styles. Accordingly, a schematic diagram summarizes the changing pattern of free IAA level during flowering, pollination and pollen tube growth. Furthermore, we presented evidence that low concentration of exogenous IAA could, to a certain extent, facilitate in vitro pollen tube growth. These results suggest that IAA may be directly or indirectly involved in the pollen-pistil interactions. Additionally, some improvements of the IAA immunolocalization technique were made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- Department of Plant Development Biology, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Plant Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Shimomura S. Identification of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored plasma membrane protein interacting with the C-terminus of auxin-binding protein 1: a photoaffinity crosslinking study. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 60:663-77. [PMID: 16649105 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-005-5471-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2005] [Accepted: 11/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic peptides corresponding to the C-terminus of auxin-binding protein 1 (ABP1) have been shown to function as auxin agonists. To define a C-terminal receptor, photoaffinity crosslinking experiments were performed using an azido derivative of a C-terminal peptide and plasma membranes from maize (Zea mays L.). The crosslinking reaction was monitored by immunoblotting using anti-ABP1 antibodies. The crosslinked proteins were isolated by 2D gel electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometric analysis. Further, the noncrosslinked forms of these proteins were also identified. Two proteins with apparent molecular masses of 73 kDa (termed C-terminal peptide-binding protein 1, CBP1) and 35 kDa (CBP2) were specifically linked with the C-terminal peptide. CBP2 is a cytoplasmic protein that consists of two conserved domains that are characteristic of a ricin-type lectin domain. CBP2 remained in the detergent-insoluble particles and was released from the particles by the addition of monosaccharides such as methyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside. CBP1 was released from the membranes by treatment with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, indicating that CBP1 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored plasma membrane protein. CBP1 was found to be a copper-binding protein, and is highly homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana SKU5 that contributes to directional root growth processes. Further, it is similar to A. thaliana SKS6 that contributes to cotyledon vascular patterning and to Nicotiana tabacum NTP303 that contributes to pollen tube growth. The present results indicate that ABP1 may contribute to directional cell growth processes via the GPI-anchored plasma membrane protein SKU5 and its family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Shimomura
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Kannondai 2-1-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan.
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McCubbin AG, Lee C, Hetrick A. Identification of genes showing differential expression between morphs in developing flowers of Primula vulgaris. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00497-006-0022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cox CM, Swain SM. Localised and non-localised promotion of fruit development by seeds in Arabidopsis. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2006; 33:1-8. [PMID: 32689210 DOI: 10.1071/fp05136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2005] [Accepted: 08/29/2005] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, as in the majority of flowering plants, developing seeds promote fruit growth. One method to investigate this interaction is to use plants with reduced seed set and determine the effect on fruit growth. Plants homozygous for a transgene designed to ectopically express a gene encoding a gibberellin-deactivating enzyme exhibit reduced pollen tube elongation, suggesting that the plant hormone gibberellin is required for this process. Reduced pollen tube growth causes reduced seed set and decreased silique (fruit) size, and this genotype is used to explore the relationship between seed set and fruit elongation. A detailed analysis of seed set in the transgenic line reveals that reduced pollen tube growth decreases the probability of each ovule being fertilised. This effect becomes progressively more severe as the distance between the stigma and the ovule increases, revealing the complex biology underlying seed fertilisation. In terms of seed-promoted fruit growth, major localised and minor non-localised components that contribute to final silique length can be identified. This result demonstrates that despite the relatively small size of the fruit and associated structures, Arabidopsis can be used as a model to investigate fundamental questions in fruit physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Cox
- School of Agricultural Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic. 3083, Australia
| | - Stephen M Swain
- CSIRO Plant Industry, 585 River Ave, South Merbein, Vic. 3505, Australia
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Wang Z, Liang Y, Li C, Xu Y, Lan L, Zhao D, Chen C, Xu Z, Xue Y, Chong K. Microarray analysis of gene expression involved in anther development in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2005; 58:721-37. [PMID: 16158245 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-005-8267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2004] [Accepted: 06/01/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In flowering plants, anthers bear male gametophytes whose development is regulated by the elaborate coordination of many genes. In addition, both gibberellic acid (GA3) and jasmonic acid (JA) play important roles in anther development and pollen fertility. To facilitate the analysis of anther development genes and how GA3 and JA regulate anther development, we performed microarray experiments using a 10-K cDNA microarray with probes derived from seedlings, meiotic anthers, mature anthers and GA3- or JA-treated suspension cells of rice. The expression level change of 2155 genes was significantly (by 2-fold or greater) detected in anthers compared with seedlings. Forty-seven genes, representing genes with potential function in cell cycle and cell structure regulation, hormone response, photosynthesis, stress resistance and metabolism, were differentially expressed in meiotic and mature anthers. Moreover, 314 genes responded to either GA3 or JA treatment, and 24 GA3- and 82 JA-responsive genes showed significant changes in expression between meiosis and the mature anther stages. RT-PCR demonstrated that gene y656d05 was not only highly expressed in meiotic anthers but also induced by GA3. Strong RNA signals of y656d05 were detected in pollen mother cells and tapetum in in situ hybridization. Further characterization of these candidate genes can contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanism of anther development and the involvement of JA and GA3 signals in the control of anther development in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Research Center for Molecular & Developmental Biology, Key Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093, Beijing, China,
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