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Khramov DE, Rostovtseva EI, Matalin DA, Konoshenkova AO, Nedelyaeva OI, Volkov VS, Balnokin YV, Popova LG. Novel Proteins of the High-Affinity Nitrate Transporter Family NRT2, SaNRT2.1 and SaNRT2.5, from the Euhalophyte Suaeda altissima: Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5648. [PMID: 38891835 PMCID: PMC11171637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Two genes of nitrate transporters SaNRT2.1 and SaNRT2.5, putative orthologs of high-affinity nitrate transporter genes AtNRT2.1 and AtNRT2.5 from Arabidopsis thaliana, were cloned from the euhalophyte Suaeda altissima. Phylogenetic bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that the proteins SaNRT2.1 and SaNRT2.5 exhibited higher levels of homology to the corresponding proteins from the plants of family Amaranthaceae; the similarity of amino acid sequences between proteins SaNRT2.1 and SaNRT2.5 was lower (54%). Both SaNRT2.1 and SaNRT2.5 are integral membrane proteins forming 12 transmembrane helices as predicted by topological modeling. An attempt to demonstrate nitrate transporting activity of SaNRT2.1 or SaNRT2.5 by heterologous expression of the genes in the yeast Hansenula (Ogataea) polymorpha mutant strain Δynt1 lacking the only yeast nitrate transporter was not successful. The expression patterns of SaNRT2.1 and SaNRT2.5 were studied in S. altissima plants that were grown in hydroponics under either low (0.5 mM) or high (15 mM) nitrate and salinity from 0 to 750 mM NaCl. The growth of the plants was strongly inhibited by low nitrogen supply while stimulated by NaCl; it peaked at 250 mM NaCl for high nitrate and at 500 mM NaCl for low nitrate. Under low nitrate supply, nitrate contents in S. altissima roots, leaves and stems were reduced but increased in leaves and stems as salinity in the medium increased. Potassium contents remained stable under salinity treatment from 250 to 750 mM NaCl. Quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated that without salinity, SaNRT2.1 was expressed in all organs, its expression was not influenced by nitrate supply, while SaNRT2.5 was expressed exclusively in roots-its expression rose about 10-fold under low nitrate. Salinity increased expression of both SaNRT2.1 and SaNRT2.5 under low nitrate. SaNRT2.1 peaked in roots at 500 mM NaCl with 15-fold increase; SaNRT2.5 peaked in roots at 500 mM NaCl with 150-fold increase. It is suggested that SaNRT2.5 ensures effective nitrate uptake by roots and functions as an essential high-affinity nitrate transporter to support growth of adult S. altissima plants under nitrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Vadim S. Volkov
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (D.E.K.); (E.I.R.); (D.A.M.); (A.O.K.); (O.I.N.); (Y.V.B.)
| | | | - Larissa G. Popova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (D.E.K.); (E.I.R.); (D.A.M.); (A.O.K.); (O.I.N.); (Y.V.B.)
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Nedelyaeva OI, Khramov DE, Khalilova LA, Konoshenkova AO, Ryabova AV, Popova LG, Volkov VS, Balnokin YV. Molecular Cloning, Expression and Transport Activity of SaNPF6.3/SaNRT1.1, a Novel Protein of the Low-Affinity Nitrate Transporter Family from the Euhalophyte Suaeda altissima (L.) Pall. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:845. [PMID: 37888016 PMCID: PMC10608580 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13100845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The SaNPF6.3 gene, a putative ortholog of the dual-affinity nitrate (NO3-) transporter gene AtNPF6.3/AtNRT1.1 from Arabidopsis thaliana, was cloned from the euhalophyte Suaeda altissima. The nitrate transporting activity of SaNPF6.3 was studied by heterologous expression of the gene in the yeast Hansenula (Ogataea) polymorpha mutant strain Δynt1 lacking the original nitrate transporter. Expression of SaNPF6.3 in Δynt1 cells rescued their ability to grow on the selective medium in the presence of nitrate and absorb nitrate from this medium. Confocal laser microscopy of the yeast cells expressing the fused protein GFP-SaNPF6.3 revealed GFP (green fluorescent protein) fluorescence localized predominantly in the cytoplasm and/or vacuoles. Apparently, in the heterologous expression system used, only a relatively small fraction of the GFP-SaNPF6.3 reached the plasma membrane of yeast cells. In S. altissima plants grown in media with either low (0.5 mM) or high (15 mM) NO3-; concentrations, SaNPF6.3 was expressed at various ontogenetic stages in different organs, with the highest expression levels in roots, pointing to an important role of SaNPF6.3 in nitrate uptake. SaNPF6.3 expression was induced in roots of nitrate-deprived plants in response to raising the nitrate concentration in the medium and was suppressed when the plants were transferred from sufficient nitrate to the lower concentration. When NaCl concentration in the nutrient solution was elevated, the SaNPF6.3 transcript abundance in the roots increased at the low nitrate concentration and decreased at the high one. We also determined nitrate and chloride concentrations in the xylem sap excreted by detached S. altissima roots as a function of their concentrations in the root medium. Based on a linear increase in Cl- concentrations in the xylem exudate as the external Cl- concentration increased and the results of SaNPF6.3 expression experiments, we hypothesize that SaNPF6.3 is involved in chloride transport along with nitrate transport in S. altissima plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga I. Nedelyaeva
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (D.E.K.); (L.A.K.); (A.O.K.); (L.G.P.); (Y.V.B.)
| | - Dmitrii E. Khramov
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (D.E.K.); (L.A.K.); (A.O.K.); (L.G.P.); (Y.V.B.)
| | - Lyudmila A. Khalilova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (D.E.K.); (L.A.K.); (A.O.K.); (L.G.P.); (Y.V.B.)
| | - Alena O. Konoshenkova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (D.E.K.); (L.A.K.); (A.O.K.); (L.G.P.); (Y.V.B.)
| | - Anastasia V. Ryabova
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia;
| | - Larissa G. Popova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (D.E.K.); (L.A.K.); (A.O.K.); (L.G.P.); (Y.V.B.)
| | - Vadim S. Volkov
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (D.E.K.); (L.A.K.); (A.O.K.); (L.G.P.); (Y.V.B.)
| | - Yurii V. Balnokin
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127276, Russia; (D.E.K.); (L.A.K.); (A.O.K.); (L.G.P.); (Y.V.B.)
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Cheng J, Tan H, Shan M, Duan M, Ye L, Yang Y, He L, Shen H, Yang Z, Wang X. Genome-wide identification and characterization of the NPF genes provide new insight into low nitrogen tolerance in Setaria. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1043832. [PMID: 36589108 PMCID: PMC9795848 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1043832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Nitrogen (N) is essential for plant growth and yield production and can be taken up from soil in the form of nitrate or peptides. The NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1/PEPTIDE TRANSPORTER family (NPF) genes play important roles in the uptake and transportation of these two forms of N. Methods Bioinformatic analysis was used to identify and characterize the NPF genes in Setaria. RNA-seq was employed to analyze time-series low nitrate stress response of the SiNPF genes. Yeast and Arabidopsis mutant complementation were used to test the nitrate transport ability of SiNRT1.1B1 and SiNRT1.1B2. Results We identified 92 and 88 putative NPF genes from foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) and its wild ancestor green foxtail (Setaria viridis L.), respectively. These NPF genes were divided into eight groups according to their sequence characteristics and phylogenetic relationship, with similar intron-exon structure and motifs in the same subfamily. Twenty-six tandem duplication and 13 segmental duplication events promoted the expansion of SiNPF gene family. Interestingly, we found that the tandem duplication of the SiNRT1.1B gene might contribute to low nitrogen tolerance of foxtail millet. The gene expression atlas showed that the SiNPFs were divided into two major clusters, which were mainly expressed in root and the above ground tissues, respectively. Time series transcriptomic analysis further revealed the response of these SiNPF genes to short- and long- time low nitrate stress. To provide natural variation of gene information, we carried out a haplotype analysis of these SiNPFs and identified 2,924 SNPs and 400 InDels based on the re-sequence data of 398 foxtail millet accessions. We also predicted the three-dimensional structure of the 92 SiNPFs and found that the conserved proline 492 residues were not in the substrate binding pocket. The interactions of SiNPF proteins withNO 3 - were analyzed using molecular docking and the pockets were then identified. We found that the SiNPFs-NO 3 - binding energy ranged from -3.8 to -2.7 kcal/mol. Discussion Taken together, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the NPF gene family in Setaria and will contribute to function dissection of these genes for crop breeding aimed at improving high nitrogen use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Cheng
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Helin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Shan
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Mengmeng Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Ling Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Yulu Yang
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Lu He
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Huimin Shen
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Zhirong Yang
- Department of Basic Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xingchun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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Xiao Q, Chen Y, Liu C, Robson F, Roy S, Cheng X, Wen J, Mysore K, Miller AJ, Murray JD. MtNPF6.5 mediates chloride uptake and nitrate preference in Medicago roots. EMBO J 2021; 40:e106847. [PMID: 34523752 PMCID: PMC8561640 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020106847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The preference for nitrate over chloride through regulation of transporters is a fundamental feature of plant ion homeostasis. We show that Medicago truncatula MtNPF6.5, an ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana AtNPF6.3/NRT1.1, can mediate nitrate and chloride uptake in Xenopus oocytes but is chloride selective and that its close homologue, MtNPF6.7, can transport nitrate and chloride but is nitrate selective. The MtNPF6.5 mutant showed greatly reduced chloride content relative to wild type, and MtNPF6.5 expression was repressed by high chloride, indicating a primary role for MtNPF6.5 in root chloride uptake. MtNPF6.5 and MtNPF6.7 were repressed and induced by nitrate, respectively, and these responses required the transcription factor MtNLP1. Moreover, loss of MtNLP1 prevented the rapid switch from chloride to nitrate as the main anion in nitrate-starved plants after nitrate provision, providing insight into the underlying mechanism for nitrate preference. Sequence analysis revealed three sub-types of AtNPF6.3 orthologs based on their predicted substrate-binding residues: A (chloride selective), B (nitrate selective), and C (legume specific). The absence of B-type AtNPF6.3 homologues in early diverged plant lineages suggests that they evolved from a chloride-selective MtNPF6.5-like protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiying Xiao
- CAS‐JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science (CEPAMS)Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences (CEMPS)Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE)Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Yi Chen
- John Innes CentreNorwich Research Park, NorwichUK
| | - Cheng‐Wu Liu
- John Innes CentreNorwich Research Park, NorwichUK
- Present address:
School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Fran Robson
- John Innes CentreNorwich Research Park, NorwichUK
| | - Sonali Roy
- John Innes CentreNorwich Research Park, NorwichUK
- Noble Research InstituteArdmoreOKUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jeremy D Murray
- CAS‐JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science (CEPAMS)Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences (CEMPS)Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology (SIPPE)Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- John Innes CentreNorwich Research Park, NorwichUK
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Morales de Los Ríos L, Corratgé-Faillie C, Raddatz N, Mendoza I, Lindahl M, de Angeli A, Lacombe B, Quintero FJ, Pardo JM. The Arabidopsis protein NPF6.2/NRT1.4 is a plasma membrane nitrate transporter and a target of protein kinase CIPK23. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 168:239-251. [PMID: 34656860 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate and potassium nutrition is tightly coordinated in vascular plants. Physiological and molecular genetics studies have demonstrated that several NPF/NRT1 nitrate transporters have a significant impact on both uptake and the root-shoot partition of these nutrients. However, how these traits are biochemically connected remain controversial since some NPF proteins, e.g. NPF7.3/NRT1.5, have been suggested to mediate K+/H+ exchange instead of nitrate fluxes. Here we show that NPF6.2/NRT1.4, a protein that gates nitrate accumulation at the leaf petiole of Arabidopsis thaliana, also affects the root/shoot distribution of potassium. We demonstrate that NPF6.2/NRT1.4 is a plasma membrane nitrate transporter phosphorylated at threonine-98 by the CIPK23 protein kinase that is a regulatory hub for nitrogen and potassium nutrition. Heterologous expression of NPF6.2/NRT1.4 and NPF7.3/NRT1.5 in yeast mutants with altered potassium uptake and efflux systems showed no evidence of nitrate-dependent potassium transport by these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Morales de Los Ríos
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosyntheis (IBVF), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - Claire Corratgé-Faillie
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, 34060, Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Natalia Raddatz
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosyntheis (IBVF), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - Imelda Mendoza
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosyntheis (IBVF), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - Marika Lindahl
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosyntheis (IBVF), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - Alexis de Angeli
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, 34060, Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Benoit Lacombe
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, 34060, Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - Francisco J Quintero
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosyntheis (IBVF), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - José M Pardo
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosyntheis (IBVF), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Seville, Spain.
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Wei J, Zheng Y, Feng H, Qu H, Fan X, Yamaji N, Ma JF, Xu G. OsNRT2.4 encodes a dual-affinity nitrate transporter and functions in nitrate-regulated root growth and nitrate distribution in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1095-1107. [PMID: 29385597 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant NRT2 nitrate transporters commonly require a partner protein, NAR2, for transporting nitrate at low concentrations, but their role in plants is not well understood. In this study, we characterized the gene for one of these transporters in the rice genome, OsNRT2.4, in terms of its activity and roles in rice grown in environments with different N supply. In Xenopus oocytes, OsNRT2.4 alone without OsNAR2 co-expression facilitated nitrate uptake showing biphasic kinetics at a wide concentration range, with high- and low-affinity KM values of 0.15 and 4 mM, respectively. OsNRT2.4 did not have nitrate efflux or IAA influx activity. In rice roots, OsNRT2.4 was expressed mainly in the base of lateral root primordia. Knockout of OsNRT2.4 decreased lateral root number and length, and the total N uptake per plant at both 0.25 and 2.5 mM NO3- levels. In the shoots, OsNRT2.4 was expressed mainly in vascular tissues, and its knockout decreased the growth and NO3--N distribution. Knockout of OsNRT2.4, however, did not affect rice growth and N uptake under conditions without N or with only NH4+ supply. We conclude that OsNRT2.4 functions as a dual-affinity nitrate transporter and is required for nitrate-regulated root and shoot growth of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Huimin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Hongye Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - Naoki Yamaji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Jian Feng Ma
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, China
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Wen Z, Kaiser BN. Unraveling the Functional Role of NPF6 Transporters. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:973. [PMID: 30042774 PMCID: PMC6048437 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter (NPF) family represents a growing list of putative nitrate permeable transport proteins expressed within multiple cell types and tissues across a diverse range of plant species. Their designation as nitrate permeable and/or selective transporters is slowly being defined as more genes are characterized and their functional activities tested both in planta and in vitro. The most notable of the NPF family has been the Arabidopsis thaliana homolog, AtNPF6.3, previously known as AtNRT1.1 or CHL1. AtNPF6.3 has traditionally been characterized as a dual-affinity nitrate transporter contributing to root nitrate uptake in Arabidopsis. It has also been identified as a nitrate sensor which regulates the expression of high-affinity nitrate transport proteins NRT2s and lateral root development as a part of the primary nitrate response in plants. The sensor function of AtNPF6.3 has also been attributed to its auxin transport activity. Other homologs of AtNPF6.3 are now being described highlighting the variability in their functional capabilities (alternative substrates and kinetics) linking to structural aspects of the proteins. This review focusses on NPF6.3-like transport proteins and the knowledge that has been gained since their initial discovery over two decades ago. The review will investigate from a structural point of view how NPF6.3-like proteins may transport nitrate as well as other ions and what can be learned from structural uniqueness about predicted activities in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Wen
- *Correspondence: Zhengyu Wen, Brent N. Kaiser,
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NRT2.4 and NRT2.5 Are Two Half-Size Transporters from the Chlamydomonas NRT2 Family. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy6010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sialin (SLC17A5) functions as a nitrate transporter in the plasma membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:13434-9. [PMID: 22778404 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1116633109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo recycling of nitrate (NO(3)(-)) and nitrite (NO(2)(-)) is an important alternative pathway for the generation of nitric oxide (NO) and maintenance of systemic nitrate-nitrite-NO balance. More than 25% of the circulating NO(3)(-) is actively removed and secreted by salivary glands. Oral commensal bacteria convert salivary NO(3)(-) to NO(2)(-), which enters circulation and leads to NO generation. The transporters for NO(3)(-) in salivary glands have not yet been identified. Here we report that sialin (SLC17A5), mutations in which cause Salla disease and infantile sialic acid storage disorder (ISSD), functions as an electrogenic 2NO(3)(-)/H(+) cotransporter in the plasma membrane of salivary gland acinar cells. We have identified an extracellular pH-dependent anion current that is carried by NO(3)(-) or sialic acid (SA), but not by Br(-), and is accompanied by intracellular acidification. Both responses were reduced by knockdown of sialin expression and increased by the plasma membrane-targeted sialin mutant (L22A-L23A). Fibroblasts from patients with ISSD displayed reduced SA- and NO(3)(-)-induced currents compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, expression of disease-associated sialin mutants in fibroblasts and salivary gland cells suppressed the H(+)-dependent NO(3)(-) conductance. Importantly, adenovirus-dependent expression of the sialinH183R mutant in vivo in pig salivary glands decreased NO(3)(-) secretion in saliva after intake of a NO(3)(-)-rich diet. Taken together, these data demonstrate that sialin mediates nitrate influx into salivary gland and other cell types. We suggest that the 2NO(3)(-)/H(+) transport function of sialin in salivary glands can contribute significantly to clearance of serum nitrate, as well as nitrate recycling and physiological nitrite-NO homeostasis.
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Bayle V, Arrighi JF, Creff A, Nespoulous C, Vialaret J, Rossignol M, Gonzalez E, Paz-Ares J, Nussaume L. Arabidopsis thaliana high-affinity phosphate transporters exhibit multiple levels of posttranslational regulation. THE PLANT CELL 2011; 23:1523-35. [PMID: 21521698 PMCID: PMC3101552 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.110.081067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, the PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER1 (PHT1) family encodes the high-affinity phosphate transporters. They are transcriptionally induced by phosphate starvation and require PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER TRAFFIC FACILITATOR (PHF1) to exit the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), indicating intracellular traffic as an additional level of regulation of PHT1 activity. Our study revealed that PHF1 acts on PHT1, upstream of vesicle coat protein COPII formation, and that additional regulatory events occur during PHT1 trafficking and determine its ER exit and plasma membrane stability. Phosphoproteomic and mutagenesis analyses revealed modulation of PHT1;1 ER export by Ser-514 phosphorylation status. Confocal microscopy analysis of root tip cells showed that PHT1;1 is localized to the plasma membrane and is present in intracellular endocytic compartments. More precisely, PHT1;1 was localized to sorting endosomes associated with prevacuolar compartments. Kinetic analysis of PHT1;1 stability and targeting suggested a modulation of PHT1 internalization from the plasma membrane to the endosomes, followed by either subsequent recycling (in low Pi) or vacuolar degradation (in high Pi). For the latter condition, we identified a rapid mechanism that reduces the pool of PHT1 proteins present at the plasma membrane. This mechanism is regulated by the Pi concentration in the medium and appears to be independent of degradation mechanisms potentially regulated by the PHO2 ubiquitin conjugase. We propose a model for differential trafficking of PHT1 to the plasma membrane or vacuole as a function of phosphate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Bayle
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique Cadarache, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie-Service de Biologie Végétale et de Microbiologie Environnementales, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6191 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique–Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Aix-Marseille II, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - Jean-François Arrighi
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique Cadarache, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie-Service de Biologie Végétale et de Microbiologie Environnementales, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6191 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique–Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Aix-Marseille II, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - Audrey Creff
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique Cadarache, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie-Service de Biologie Végétale et de Microbiologie Environnementales, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6191 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique–Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Aix-Marseille II, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
| | - Claude Nespoulous
- Laboratoire de Protéomique Fonctionnelle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique UR1199, Place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
| | - Jérôme Vialaret
- Laboratoire de Protéomique Fonctionnelle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique UR1199, Place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
| | - Michel Rossignol
- Laboratoire de Protéomique Fonctionnelle, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique UR1199, Place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
| | - Esperanza Gonzalez
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Javier Paz-Ares
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Laurent Nussaume
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique Cadarache, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie-Service de Biologie Végétale et de Microbiologie Environnementales, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6191 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique–Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Aix-Marseille II, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex, France
- Address correspondence to
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Suwannarangsee S, Oh DB, Seo JW, Kim CH, Rhee SK, Kang HA, Chulalaksananukul W, Kwon O. Characterization of alcohol dehydrogenase 1 of the thermotolerant methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 88:497-507. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2752-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 06/20/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Shibagaki N, Grossman AR. Binding of cysteine synthase to the STAS domain of sulfate transporter and its regulatory consequences. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:25094-102. [PMID: 20529854 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.126888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The sulfate ion (SO(4)(2-)) is transported into plant root cells by SO(4)(2-) transporters and then mostly reduced to sulfide (S(2-)). The S(2-) is then bonded to O-acetylserine through the activity of cysteine synthase (O-acetylserine (thiol)lyase or OASTL) to form cysteine, the first organic molecule of the SO(4)(2-) assimilation pathway. Here, we show that a root plasma membrane SO(4)(2-) transporter of Arabidopsis, SULTR1;2, physically interacts with OASTL. The interaction was initially demonstrated using a yeast two-hybrid system and corroborated by both in vivo and in vitro binding assays. The domain of SULTR1;2 shown to be important for association with OASTL is called the STAS domain. This domain is at the C terminus of the transporter and extends from the plasma membrane into the cytoplasm. The functional relevance of the OASTL-STAS interaction was investigated using yeast mutant cells devoid of endogenous SO(4)(2-) uptake activity but co-expressing SULTR1;2 and OASTL. The analysis of SO(4)(2-) transport in these cells suggests that the binding of OASTL to the STAS domain in this heterologous system negatively impacts transporter activity. In contrast, the activity of purified OASTL measured in vitro was enhanced by co-incubation with the STAS domain of SULTR1;2 but not with the analogous domain of the SO(4)(2-) transporter isoform SULTR1;1, even though the SULTR1;1 STAS peptide also interacts with OASTL based on the yeast two-hybrid system and in vitro binding assays. These observations suggest a regulatory model in which interactions between SULTR1;2 and OASTL coordinate internalization of SO(4)(2-) with the energetic/metabolic state of plant root cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakako Shibagaki
- Department of Plant Biology, The Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
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Cheon SA, Choo J, Ubiyvovk VM, Park JN, Kim MW, Oh DB, Kwon O, Sibirny AA, Kim JY, Kang HA. New selectable host-marker systems for multiple genetic manipulations based on TRP1, MET2 and ADE2 in the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Yeast 2009; 26:507-21. [PMID: 19653331 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest has been increasing in the thermotolerant methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha as a useful system for fundamental research and applied purposes. Only a few genetic marker genes and auxotrophic hosts are yet available for this yeast. Here we isolated and developed H. polymorpha TRP1, MET2 and ADE2 genes as selectable markers for multiple genetic manipulations. The H. polymorpha TRP1 (HpTRP1), MET2 (HpMET2) and ADE2 (HpADE2) genes were sequentially disrupted, using an HpURA3 pop-out cassette in H. polymorpha to generate a series of new multiple auxotrophic strains, including up to a quintuple auxotrophic strain. Unexpectedly, the HpTRP1 deletion mutants required additional tryptophan supplementation for their full growth, even on complex media such as YPD. Despite the clearly increased resistance to 5-fluoroanthranilic acid of the HpTRP1 deletion mutants, the HpTRP1 blaster cassette does not appear to be usable as a counter-selection marker in H. polymorpha. Expression vectors carrying HpADE2, HpTRP1 or HpMET2 with their own promoters and terminators as selectable markers were constructed and used to co-transform the quintuple auxotrophic strain for the targeted expression of a heterologous gene, Aspergillus saitoi MsdS, at the ER, the Golgi and the cell surface, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Ah Cheon
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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