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Osmolovskaya N, Shumilina J, Kim A, Didio A, Grishina T, Bilova T, Keltsieva OA, Zhukov V, Tikhonovich I, Tarakhovskaya E, Frolov A, Wessjohann LA. Methodology of Drought Stress Research: Experimental Setup and Physiological Characterization. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E4089. [PMID: 30563000 PMCID: PMC6321153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the major stress factors affecting the growth and development of plants. In this context, drought-related losses of crop plant productivity impede sustainable agriculture all over the world. In general, plants respond to water deficits by multiple physiological and metabolic adaptations at the molecular, cellular, and organism levels. To understand the underlying mechanisms of drought tolerance, adequate stress models and arrays of reliable stress markers are required. Therefore, in this review we comprehensively address currently available models of drought stress, based on culturing plants in soil, hydroponically, or in agar culture, and critically discuss advantages and limitations of each design. We also address the methodology of drought stress characterization and discuss it in the context of real experimental approaches. Further, we highlight the trends of methodological developments in drought stress research, i.e., complementing conventional tests with quantification of phytohormones and reactive oxygen species (ROS), measuring antioxidant enzyme activities, and comprehensively profiling transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Osmolovskaya
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Julia Shumilina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199904 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Ahyoung Kim
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Anna Didio
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199904 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Tatiana Grishina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199904 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Bilova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Olga A Keltsieva
- Institute of Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Science, 190103 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Zhukov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Igor Tikhonovich
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Elena Tarakhovskaya
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Scientific Information, Russian Academy of Sciences Library, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199904 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Fischer BB, Hideg É, Krieger-Liszkay A. Production, detection, and signaling of singlet oxygen in photosynthetic organisms. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:2145-62. [PMID: 23320833 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE In photosynthetic organisms, excited chlorophylls (Chl) can stimulate the formation of singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)), a highly toxic molecule that acts in addition to its damaging nature as an important signaling molecule. Thus, due to this dual role of (1)O(2), its production and detoxification have to be strictly controlled. RECENT ADVANCES Regulation of pigment synthesis is essential to control (1)O(2) production, and several components of the Chl synthesis and pigment insertion machineries to assemble and disassemble protein/pigment complexes have recently been identified. Once produced, (1)O(2) activates a signaling cascade from the chloroplast to the nucleus that can involve multiple mechanisms and stimulate a specific gene expression response. Further, (1)O(2) signaling was shown to interact with signal cascades of other reactive oxygen species, oxidized carotenoids, and lipid hydroperoxide-derived reactive electrophile species. CRITICAL ISSUES Despite recent progresses, hardly anything is known about how and where the (1)O(2) signal is sensed and transmitted to the cytoplasm. One reason for that is the limitation of available detection methods challenging the reliable quantification and localization of (1)O(2) in plant cells. In addition, the process of Chl insertion into the reaction centers and antenna complexes is still unclear. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Unraveling the mechanisms controlling (1)O(2) production and signaling would help clarifying the specific role of (1)O(2) in cellular stress responses. It would further enable to investigate the interaction and sensitivity to other abiotic and biotic stress signals and thus allow to better understand why some stressors activate an acclimation, while others provoke a programmed cell death response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beat B Fischer
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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Luminescence of singlet oxygen in photosystem II complexes isolated from cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 containing monovinyl or divinyl chlorophyll a. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2012; 1817:1299-305. [PMID: 22387397 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The luminescence spectrum of singlet oxygen produced upon excitation at 674nm in the photochemically active photosystem II (PS II) complexes isolated from cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 containing different types of chlorophyll, i.e., monovinyl (wild-type) or divinyl (genetically modified) chlorophyll a. The yield of singlet oxygen, estimated using methylene blue as the standard, from the divinyl-chlorophyll PS II complex was more than five times greater than that from the monovinyl-chlorophyll PS II complex. These results are consistent with the observed difference in the sensitivity towards high intensity of light between the two cyanobacterial strains. The yield of singlet oxygen appeared to increase with the level of triplet chlorophyll, in the divinyl-chlorophyll PS II complex. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Photosynthesis Research for Sustainability: from Natural to Artificial.
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Sang M, Ma F, Xie J, Chen XB, Wang KB, Qin XC, Wang WD, Zhao JQ, Li LB, Zhang JP, Kuang TY. High-light induced singlet oxygen formation in cytochrome b(6)f complex from Bryopsis corticulans as detected by EPR spectroscopy. Biophys Chem 2009; 146:7-12. [PMID: 19861232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2009.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Revised: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 09/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to detect the light-induced formation of singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)*) in the intact and the Rieske-depleted cytochrome b(6)f complexes (Cyt b(6)f) from Bryopsis corticulans, as well as in the isolated Rieske Fe-S protein. It is shown that, under white-light illumination and aerobic conditions, chlorophyll a (Chl a) bound in the intact Cyt b(6)f can be bleached by light-induced (1)O(2)*, and that the (1)O(2)* production can be promoted by D(2)O or scavenged by extraneous antioxidants such as l-histidine, ascorbate, beta-carotene and glutathione. Under similar experimental conditions, (1)O(2)* was also detected in the Rieske-depleted Cyt b(6)f complex, but not in the isolated Rieske Fe-S protein. The results prove that Chl a cofactor, rather than Rieske Fe-S protein, is the specific site of (1)O(2)* formation, a conclusion which draws further support from the generation of (1)O(2)* with selective excitation of Chl a using monocolor red light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sang
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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