1
|
Rama Krishna VS, Adak S, Jana P, Bheemireddy V, Bandyopadhyay S. Mimicking the Energy Funnel of the Photosynthetic Unit Using a Dendrimer-Dye Supramolecular Assembly. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3481-3486. [PMID: 34487427 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthesis involves light-harvesting complexes where an array of antenna pigment channels the absorbed solar energy to the reaction centre of a photosystem. This work reports a supramolecular dendrimer-dye assembly that mimics the natural light-harvesting mechanism. A dendrimeric molecule based on two-fluorophores has been constructed with three coumarin units at the end of three long arms and a 7-diethylaminocoumarin unit at the interior. The molecule self-aggregates in water into spherical micelles, which can encapsulate a rose-bengal dye (RB). On excitation, peripheral coumarin units shuttled the energy to the loaded RB dye reaction center via a two-step cascade resonance energy transfer (RET). The energy absorbed in the periphery is funnelled efficiently, resulting in a strong emission from the dye that resembles an energy funnel. The energy transfer cascade has been studied with both steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Molecular dynamics simulations of the self-assembled aggregates in water were also in agreement with the experimental observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Siva Rama Krishna
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumen Adak
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Palash Jana
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Varun Bheemireddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhajit Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang J, Matula AJ, Swierk JR, Romano N, Wu Y, Batista VS, Crabtree RH, Lindsey JS, Wang H, Brudvig GW. Unusual Stability of a Bacteriochlorin Electrocatalyst under Reductive Conditions. A Case Study on CO2 Conversion to CO. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Adam J. Matula
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - John R. Swierk
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Neyen Romano
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Yueshen Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Victor S. Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Jonathan S. Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Hailiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hood D, Sahin T, Parkes‐Loach PS, Jiao J, Harris MA, Dilbeck P, Niedzwiedzki DM, Kirmaier C, Loach PA, Bocian DF, Lindsey JS, Holten D. Expanding Covalent Attachment Sites of Nonnative Chromophores to Encompass the C‐Terminal Hydrophilic Domain in Biohybrid Light‐Harvesting Architectures. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Don Hood
- Department of Chemistry Washington University St. Louis MO 63130-4889 USA
| | - Tuba Sahin
- Department of Chemistry North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695-8204 USA
| | | | - Jieying Jiao
- Department of Chemistry University of California Riverside CA 92521-0403 USA
| | - Michelle A. Harris
- Department of Chemistry Washington University St. Louis MO 63130-4889 USA
| | - Preston Dilbeck
- Department of Chemistry Washington University St. Louis MO 63130-4889 USA
| | | | - Christine Kirmaier
- Department of Chemistry Washington University St. Louis MO 63130-4889 USA
| | - Paul A. Loach
- Department of Molecular Biosciences Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208-3500 USA
| | - David F. Bocian
- Department of Chemistry University of California Riverside CA 92521-0403 USA
| | - Jonathan S. Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695-8204 USA
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry Washington University St. Louis MO 63130-4889 USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mancini JA, Kodali G, Jiang J, Reddy KR, Lindsey JS, Bryant DA, Dutton PL, Moser CC. Multi-step excitation energy transfer engineered in genetic fusions of natural and synthetic light-harvesting proteins. J R Soc Interface 2017; 14:rsif.2016.0896. [PMID: 28179548 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2016.0896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic proteins designed and constructed from first principles with minimal reference to the sequence of any natural protein have proven robust and extraordinarily adaptable for engineering a range of functions. Here for the first time we describe the expression and genetic fusion of a natural photosynthetic light-harvesting subunit with a synthetic protein designed for light energy capture and multi-step transfer. We demonstrate excitation energy transfer from the bilin of the CpcA subunit (phycocyanin α subunit) of the cyanobacterial photosynthetic light-harvesting phycobilisome to synthetic four-helix-bundle proteins accommodating sites that specifically bind a variety of selected photoactive tetrapyrroles positioned to enhance energy transfer by relay. The examination of combinations of different bilin, chlorin and bacteriochlorin cofactors has led to identification of the preconditions for directing energy from the bilin light-harvesting antenna into synthetic protein-cofactor constructs that can be customized for light-activated chemistry in the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Mancini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Goutham Kodali
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jianbing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | | | - Jonathan S Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Donald A Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - P Leslie Dutton
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christopher C Moser
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Swainsbury DJK, Martin EC, Vasilev C, Parkes-Loach PS, Loach PA, Neil Hunter C. Engineering of a calcium-ion binding site into the RC-LH1-PufX complex of Rhodobacter sphaeroides to enable ion-dependent spectral red-shifting. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2017; 1858:927-938. [PMID: 28826909 PMCID: PMC5604489 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The reaction centre-light harvesting 1 (RC-LH1) complex of Thermochromatium (Tch.) tepidum has a unique calcium-ion binding site that enhances thermal stability and red-shifts the absorption of LH1 from 880nm to 915nm in the presence of calcium-ions. The LH1 antenna of mesophilic species of phototrophic bacteria such as Rhodobacter (Rba.) sphaeroides does not possess such properties. We have engineered calcium-ion binding into the LH1 antenna of Rba. sphaeroides by progressively modifying the native LH1 polypeptides with sequences from Tch. tepidum. We show that acquisition of the C-terminal domains from LH1 α and β of Tch. tepidum is sufficient to activate calcium-ion binding and the extent of red-shifting increases with the proportion of Tch. tepidum sequence incorporated. However, full exchange of the LH1 polypeptides with those of Tch. tepidum results in misassembled core complexes. Isolated α and β polypeptides from our most successful mutant were reconstituted in vitro with BChl a to form an LH1-type complex, which was stabilised 3-fold by calcium-ions. Additionally, carotenoid specificity was changed from spheroidene found in Rba. sphaeroides to spirilloxanthin found in Tch. tepidum, with the latter enhancing in vitro formation of LH1. These data show that the C-terminal LH1 α/β domains of Tch. tepidum behave autonomously, and are able to transmit calcium-ion induced conformational changes to BChls bound to the rest of a foreign antenna complex. Thus, elements of foreign antenna complexes, such as calcium-ion binding and blue/red switching of absorption, can be ported into Rhodobacter sphaeroides using careful design processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J K Swainsbury
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
| | - Elizabeth C Martin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Cvetelin Vasilev
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela S Parkes-Loach
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Hogan 2100, 2205 Tech Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Paul A Loach
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Hogan 2100, 2205 Tech Drive, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang N, Jiang J, Liu M, Taniguchi M, Mandal AK, Evans-Storms RB, Pitner JB, Bocian DF, Holten D, Lindsey JS. Bioconjugatable, PEGylated Hydroporphyrins for Photochemistry and Photomedicine. Narrow-Band, Near-Infrared-Emitting Bacteriochlorins. NEW J CHEM 2016; 40:7750-7767. [PMID: 28133433 DOI: 10.1039/c6nj01155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic bacteriochlorins absorb in the near-infrared (NIR) region and are versatile analogues of natural bacteriochlorophylls. The utilization of these chromophores in energy sciences and photomedicine requires the ability to tailor their physicochemical properties, including the incorporation of units to impart water solubility. Herein, we report the synthesis, from two common bacteriochlorin building blocks, of five wavelength-tunable, bioconjugatable and water-soluble bacteriochlorins along with two non-bioconjugatable benchmarks. Each bacteriochlorin bears short polyethylene glycol (PEG) units as the water-solubilizing motif. The PEG groups are located at the 3,5-positions of aryl groups at the pyrrolic β-positions to suppress aggregation in aqueous media. A handle containing a single carboxylic acid is incorporated to allow bioconjugation. The seven water-soluble bacteriochlorins in water display Qy absorption into the NIR range (679-819 nm), sharp emission (21-36 nm full-width-at-half-maximum) and modest fluorescence quantum yield (0.017-0.13). Each bacteriochlorin is neutral (non-ionic) yet soluble in organic (e.g., CH2Cl2, DMF) and aqueous solutions. Water solubility was assessed using absorption spectroscopy by changing the concentration ∼1000-fold (190-690 µM to 0.19-0.69 µM) with a reciprocal change in pathlength (0.1-10 cm). All bacteriochlorins showed excellent solubility in water, except for a bacteriochlorin-imide that gave slight aggregation at higher concentrations. One bacteriochlorin was conjugated to a mouse polyclonal IgG antibody for use in flow cytometry with compensation beads for proof-of-principle. The antibody conjugate of B2-NHS displayed a sharp signal upon ultraviolet laser excitation (355 nm) with NIR emission measured with a 730/45 nm bandpass filter. Overall, the study gives access to a set of water-soluble bacteriochlorins with desirable photophysical properties for use in multiple fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuonuo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| | - Jianbing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| | - Mengran Liu
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| | - Masahiko Taniguchi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| | - Amit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4889
| | | | | | - David F Bocian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0403
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4889
| | - Jonathan S Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu M, Chen CY, Mandal AK, Chandrashaker V, Evans-Storms RB, Pitner JB, Bocian DF, Holten D, Lindsey JS. Bioconjugatable, PEGylated Hydroporphyrins for Photochemistry and Photomedicine. Narrow-Band, Red-Emitting Chlorins. NEW J CHEM 2016; 40:7721-7740. [PMID: 28154477 DOI: 10.1039/c6nj01154c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chromophores that absorb and emit in the red spectral region (600-700 nm), are water soluble, and bear a bioconjugatable tether are relatively rare yet would fulfill many applications in photochemistry and photomedicine. Here, three molecular designs have been developed wherein stable synthetic chlorins - analogues of chlorophylls - have been tailored with PEG groups for use in aqueous solution. The designs differ with regard to order of the installation (pre/post-formation of the chlorin macrocycle) and position of the PEG groups. Six PEGylated synthetic chlorins (three free bases, three zinc chelates) have been prepared, of which four are equipped with a bioconjugatable (carboxylic acid) tether. The most effective design for aqueous solubilization entails facial encumbrance where PEG groups project above and below the plane of the hydrophobic disk-like chlorin macrocycle. The chlorins possess strong absorption at ~400 nm (B band) and in the red region (Qy band); regardless of wavelength of excitation, emission occurs in the red region. Excitation in the ~400 nm region thus provides an effective Stokes shift of >200 nm. The four bioconjugatable water-soluble chlorins exhibit Qy absorption/emission in water at 613/614, 636/638, 698/700 and 706/710 nm. The spectral properties are essentially unchanged in DMF and water for the facially encumbered chlorins, which also exhibit narrow Qy absorption and emission bands (full-width-at-half maximum of each <25 nm). The water-solubility was assessed by absorption spectroscopy over the concentration range ~0.4 μM - 0.4 mM. One chlorin was conjugated to a mouse polyclonal IgG antibody for use in flow cytometry with compensation beads for proof-of-principle. The conjugate displayed a sharp signal when excited by a violet laser (405 nm) with emission in the 620-660 nm range. Taken together, the designs described herein augur well for development of a set of spectrally distinct chlorins with relatively sharp bands in the red region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Liu
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| | - Chih-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| | - Amit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4889
| | | | | | | | - David F Bocian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0403
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4889
| | - Jonathan S Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jiang J, Yang E, Reddy KR, Niedzwiedzki DM, Kirmaier C, Bocian DF, Holten D, Lindsey JS. Synthetic bacteriochlorins bearing polar motifs (carboxylate, phosphonate, ammonium and a short PEG). Water-solubilization, bioconjugation, and photophysical properties. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00759c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A bacteriochlorin scaffold has been derivatized for life sciences applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | - Eunkyung Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Washington University
- St. Louis
- USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry
- Washington University
- St. Louis
- USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jiang J, Taniguchi M, Lindsey JS. Near-infrared tunable bacteriochlorins equipped for bioorthogonal labeling. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00209e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nine new near-infrared absorbing (729–820 nm) synthetic bacteriochlorins are equipped with one of four reactive groups for bioorthogonal conjugation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Harris MA, Sahin T, Jiang J, Vairaprakash P, Parkes-Loach PS, Niedzwiedzki DM, Kirmaier C, Loach PA, Bocian DF, Holten D, Lindsey JS. Enhanced Light-Harvesting Capacity by Micellar Assembly of Free Accessory Chromophores and LH1-like Antennas. Photochem Photobiol 2014; 90:1264-76. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tuba Sahin
- Department of Chemistry; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC
| | - Jianbing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry; North Carolina State University; Raleigh NC
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul A. Loach
- Department of Molecular Biosciences; Northwestern University; Evanston IL
| | - David F. Bocian
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; Riverside CA
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry; Washington University; St. Louis MO
| | | |
Collapse
|