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Ptushenko VV, Bondarenko GN, Vinogradova EN, Glagoleva ES, Karpova OV, Ptushenko OS, Shibzukhova KA, Solovchenko AE, Lobakova ES. Chilling Upregulates Expression of the PsbS and LhcSR Genes in the Chloroplasts of the Green Microalga Lobosphaera incisa IPPAS C-2047. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:1699-1706. [PMID: 36717458 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922120240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of excited chlorophyll states is essential for protecting the photosynthetic apparatus (PSA) from the excessive light-induced damage in all groups of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. The key component of the NPQ mechanism in green algae and some other groups of algae and mosses is the LhcSR protein of the light harvesting complex (LHC) protein superfamily. In vascular plants, LhcSR is replaced by PsbS, another member of the LHC superfamily and a subunit of photosystem II (PSII). PsbS also performs the photoprotective function in mosses. For a long time, PsbS had been believed to be nonfunctional in green algae, although the corresponding gene was discovered in the genome of these organisms. The first evidence of the PsbS accumulation in the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in response to the increase in irradiance was obtained only six years ago. However, the observed increase in the PsbS content was short-termed (on an hour-timescale). Here, we report a significant (more than three orders of magnitude) and prolonged (four days) upregulation of PsbS expression in response to the chilling-induced high-light stress followed by a less significant (~ tenfold) increase in the PsbS expression for nine days. This is the first evidence for the long-term upregulation of the PsbS expression in green alga (Chlorophyta) in response to stress. Our data indicate that the role of PsbS in the PSA of Chlorophyta is not limited to the first-line defense against stress, as it was previously assumed, but includes full-scale participation in the photoprotection of PSA from the environmental stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily V Ptushenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia. .,Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | | | - Elizaveta N Vinogradova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Kurchatov Institute National Research Center, 123182 Moscow Russia
| | - Elena S Glagoleva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga V Karpova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Oxana S Ptushenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Karina A Shibzukhova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.,Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexei E Solovchenko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Pskov State University, Pskov, 128000, Russia
| | - Elena S Lobakova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Structure of the stress-related LHCSR1 complex determined by an integrated computational strategy. Commun Biol 2022; 5:145. [PMID: 35177775 PMCID: PMC8854571 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03083-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) are pigment-protein complexes whose main function is to capture sunlight and transfer the energy to reaction centers of photosystems. In response to varying light conditions, LH complexes also play photoregulation and photoprotection roles. In algae and mosses, a sub-family of LHCs, light-harvesting complex stress-related (LHCSR), is responsible for photoprotective quenching. Despite their functional and evolutionary importance, no direct structural information on LHCSRs is available that can explain their unique properties. In this work, we propose a structural model of LHCSR1 from the moss P. patens, obtained through an integrated computational strategy that combines homology modeling, molecular dynamics, and multiscale quantum chemical calculations. The model is validated by reproducing the spectral properties of LHCSR1. Our model reveals the structural specificity of LHCSR1, as compared with the CP29 LH complex, and poses the basis for understanding photoprotective quenching in mosses. The structure of the moss P. patens light-harvesting complex stress-related 1 (LHCSR1) is determined using a multi-scale computational approach for investigations of its photoprotective function.
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