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Rencz F, Janssen MF. Time perspective profile and self-reported health on the EQ-5D. Qual Life Res 2024; 33:73-85. [PMID: 37682495 PMCID: PMC10784346 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03509-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Time perspective (TP) is a psychological construct that is associated with several health-related behaviours, including healthy eating, smoking and adherence to medications. In this study, we aimed to examine the associations of TP profile with self-reported health on the EQ-5D-5L and to detect which domains display response heterogeneity (cut-point shift) for TP. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of EQ-5D-5L data from a representative general population sample in Hungary (n = 996). The 17-item Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory was used to measure individuals' TP on five subscales: past-negative, past-positive, present-fatalist, present-hedonist and future. The associations between TP subscales and EQ-5D-5L domain scores, EQ VAS and EQ-5D-5L index values were analysed by using partial proportional odds models and multivariate linear regressions. RESULTS Respondents that scored higher on the past-negative and present-fatalist and lower on the present-hedonist and future subscales were more likely to report more health problems in at least one EQ-5D-5L domain (p < 0.05). Adjusting for socio-economic and health status, three EQ-5D-5L domains exhibited significant associations with various TP subscales (usual activities: present-fatalist and future, pain/discomfort: past-negative and future, anxiety/depression: past-negative, present-fatalist, present-hedonist and future). The anxiety/depression domain showed evidence of cut-point shift. CONCLUSIONS This study identified response heterogeneity stemming from psychological characteristics in self-reported health on the EQ-5D-5L. TP seems to play a double role in self-reported health, firstly as affecting underlying health and secondly as a factor influencing one's response behavior. These findings increase our understanding of the non-health-related factors that affect self-reported health on standardized health status measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanni Rencz
- Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, 8 Fővám tér, Budapest, 1093, Hungary.
| | - Mathieu F Janssen
- Section Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Penton H, Dayson C, Hulme C, Young T. An Investigation of Age-Related Differential Item Functioning in the EQ-5D-5L Using Item Response Theory and Logistic Regression. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2022; 25:1566-1574. [PMID: 35487819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In economic evaluations, quality of life is measured using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), such as the EQ-5D-5L. A key assumption for the validity of PROMs data is measurement invariance, which requires that PROM items and response options are interpreted the same across respondents. If measurement invariance is violated, PROMs exhibit differential item functioning (DIF), whereby individuals from different groups with the same underlying health respond differently, potentially biasing scores. One important group of healthcare consumers who have been shown to have different views or priorities over health is older adults. This study investigates age-related DIF in the EQ-5D-5L using item response theory (IRT) and ordinal logistic regression approaches. METHODS Multiple-group IRT models were used to investigate DIF, by assessing whether older adults aged 65+ years and younger adults aged 18 to 64 years with the same underlying health had different IRT parameter estimates and expected item and EQ-5D-5L level sum scores. Ordinal logistic regression was also used to examine whether DIF resulted in meaningful differences in expected EQ level sum scores. Effect sizes examined whether DIF indicated meaningful score differences. RESULTS The anxiety/depression item exhibited meaningful DIF in both approaches, with older adults less likely to report problems. Pain/discomfort and mobility exhibited DIF to a lesser extent. CONCLUSIONS When using the EQ-5D-5L to evaluate interventions and make resource allocation decisions, scoring bias due to DIF should be controlled for to prevent inefficient service provision, where the most cost-effective services are not provided, which could be detrimental to patients and the efficiency of health budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Penton
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, UK.
| | - Christopher Dayson
- Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, England, UK
| | - Claire Hulme
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, England, UK
| | - Tracey Young
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, UK
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Ashford PA, Knight C, Heslin M, Clark AB, Kanaan M, Patel U, Stuart F, Kabir T, Grey N, Murray H, Hodgekins J, Reeve N, Marshall N, Painter M, Clarke J, Russo D, Stochl J, Leathersich M, Pond M, Fowler D, French P, Swart AM, Dixon-Woods M, Byford S, Jones PB, Perez J. Treating common mental disorder including psychotic experiences in the primary care improving access to psychological therapies programme (the TYPPEX study): protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial with nested economic and process evaluation of a training package for therapists. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e056355. [PMID: 35732378 PMCID: PMC9226877 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION At least one in four people treated by the primary care improving access to psychological therapies (IAPT) programme in England experiences distressing psychotic experiences (PE) in addition to common mental disorder (CMD). These individuals are less likely to achieve recovery. IAPT services do not routinely screen for nor offer specific treatments for CMD including PE. The Tailoring evidence-based psychological therapY for People with common mental disorder including Psychotic EXperiences study will evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of an enhanced training for cognitive behavioural therapists that aims to address this clinical gap. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a multisite, stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial. The setting will be IAPT services within three mental health trusts. The participants will be (1) 56-80 qualified IAPT cognitive behavioural therapists and (2) 600 service users who are triaged as appropriate for cognitive behavioural therapy in an IAPT service and have PE according to the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-Positive 15-items Scale. IAPT therapists will be grouped into eight study clusters subsequently randomised to the control-intervention sequence. We will obtain pseudonymous clinical outcome data from IAPT clinical records for eligible service users. We will invite service users to complete health economic measures at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome will be the proportion of patients with common mental disorder psychotic experiences who have recovered by the end of treatment as measured by the official IAPT measure for recovery. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study received the following approvals: South Central-Berkshire Research Ethics Committee on 28 April 2020 (REC reference 20/SC/0135) and Health Research Authority (HRA) on 23 June 2020. An amendment was approved by the Ethics Committee on 01 October 2020 and HRA on 27 October 2020. Results will be made available to patients and the public, the funders, stakeholders in the IAPT services and other researchers. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN93895792.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polly-Anna Ashford
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Therapies, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Clare Knight
- Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Margaret Heslin
- King's Health Economics, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Allan B Clark
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Mona Kanaan
- Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Ushma Patel
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Fulbourn, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Freya Stuart
- Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Thomas Kabir
- The McPin Foundation, London, Greater London, UK
| | - Nick Grey
- Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Worthing, West Sussex, UK
- Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, Brighton and Hove, UK
| | | | - J Hodgekins
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Nesta Reeve
- Norfolk and Suffolk NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Nicola Marshall
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Fulbourn, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | | | - James Clarke
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Fulbourn, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Debra Russo
- Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Jan Stochl
- Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
- Kinanthropology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Maria Leathersich
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Martin Pond
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | | | - Paul French
- Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Ann Marie Swart
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
| | - Mary Dixon-Woods
- THIS Institute (The Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute), University of Cambridge Primary Care Unit, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Sarah Byford
- Centre for the Economics of Mental and Physical Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Peter B Jones
- Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Jesus Perez
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
- Medicine, Universidad de Salamanca, IBSAL, Salamanca, Castilla y León, Spain
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Bilbao A, Martín-Fernández J, García-Pérez L, Mendezona JI, Arrasate M, Candela R, Acosta FJ, Estebanez S, Retolaza A. Psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L in patients with major depression: factor analysis and Rasch analysis. J Ment Health 2021; 31:506-516. [PMID: 33522336 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2021.1875422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EQ-5D is one of the most recommended questionnaires for cost-effectiveness studies. AIMS To study the psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L in patients with major depression. METHODS This prospective observational study included 433 patients with major depression who completed the EQ-5D-5L and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) questionnaires at baseline, of whom 310 also did six months later. The structural validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis, the item functioning by item response analysis, and reliability by Cronbach's alpha. Convergent validity and known-groups validity was studied using the PHQ-9 and a general health question. To assess responsiveness effect sizes were calculated. RESULTS The results supported the unidimensionality and showed adequate item functioning, with somewhat age-related item differential functioning for the mobility dimension. Cronbach's alpha was 0.77. The EQ-5D-5L showed a high correlation with the PHQ-9 and general health. The more severe the depression level and the poorer the general health, the lower the EQ-5D-5L scores (p < 0.001). Responsiveness parameters showed moderate changes among "improved" patients. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the adequate psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L in patients with major depression. It could be very useful for clinicians and researchers as an outcome measure and for use in economic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaia Bilbao
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Basurto University Hospital, Research Unit, Bilbao, Spain.,Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Spain.,Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Jesús Martín-Fernández
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Spain.,Oeste Multiprofessional Teaching Unit of Primary and Community Care, Primary Healthcare Management, Madrid Health Service, Madrid, Spain.,Health Sciences Faculty, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia García-Pérez
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Spain.,Fundación Canaria de Investigación Sanitaria (FUNCANIS), Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Mendezona
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Bizkaia Mental Health Network, Derio Mental Health Centre, Derio, Spain
| | - Marta Arrasate
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Bizkaia Mental Health Network, Derio Mental Health Centre, Derio, Spain.,Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Bizkaia Mental Health Network, Uribe Mental Health Centre, Getxo, Spain
| | - Ruth Candela
- Psychiatry Department, Fuenlabrada University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Acosta
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Spain.,Service of Mental Health, General Management of Healthcare Programs, Canary Islands Health Service, Canary Islands, Spain.,Insular University Hospital of Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Soraya Estebanez
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Basurto University Hospital, Research Unit, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ander Retolaza
- Health Service Research Network on Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), Spain.,Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Bizkaia Mental Health Network, Basauri Mental Health Centre, Basauri, Spain.,Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
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Psychometric properties of Short Form-36 Health Survey, EuroQol 5-dimensions, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in patients with chronic pain. Pain 2021; 161:83-95. [PMID: 31568237 PMCID: PMC6940032 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. This large-sample item response theory-based evaluation assessed the measurement properties of SF-36, EQ-5D, and hospital anxiety and depression scale for chronic pain patients in clinical settings. Recent research has highlighted a need for the psychometric evaluation of instruments targeting core domains of the pain experience in chronic pain populations. In this study, the measurement properties of Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36),EuroQol 5-dimensions (EQ-5D) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were analyzed within the item response-theory framework based on data from 35,908 patients. To assess the structural validity of these instruments, the empirical representations of several conceptually substantiated latent structures were compared in a cross-validation procedure. The most structurally sound representations were selected from each questionnaire and their internal consistency reliability computed as a summary of their precision. Finally, questionnaire scores were correlated with each other to evaluate their convergent and discriminant validity. Our results supported that SF-36 is an acceptable measure of 2 independent constructs of physical and mental health. By contrast, although the approach to summarize the health-related quality of life construct of EQ-5D as a unidimensional score was valid, its low reliability rendered practical model implementation of doubtful utility. Finally, rather than being separated into 2 subscales of anxiety and depression, HADS was a valid and reliable measure of overall emotional distress. In support of convergent and discriminant validity, correlations between questionnaires showed that theoretically similar traits were highly associated, whereas unrelated traits were not. Our models can be applied to score SF-36 and HADS in chronic pain patients, but we recommend against using the EQ-5D model due to its low reliability. These results are useful for researchers and clinicians involved in chronic pain populations because questionnaires' properties determine their discriminating ability in patient status assessment.
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Schneider L, Chalmers RP, Debelak R, Merkle EC. Model Selection of Nested and Non-Nested Item Response Models Using Vuong Tests. MULTIVARIATE BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH 2020; 55:664-684. [PMID: 31530187 DOI: 10.1080/00273171.2019.1664280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we apply Vuong's general approach of model selection to the comparison of nested and non-nested unidimensional and multidimensional item response theory (IRT) models. Vuong's approach of model selection is useful because it allows for formal statistical tests of both nested and non-nested models. However, only the test of non-nested models has been applied in the context of IRT models to date. After summarizing the statistical theory underlying the tests, we investigate the performance of all three distinct Vuong tests in the context of IRT models using simulation studies and real data. In the non-nested case we observed that the tests can reliably distinguish between the graded response model and the generalized partial credit model. In the nested case, we observed that the tests typically perform as well as or sometimes better than the traditional likelihood ratio test. Based on these results, we argue that Vuong's approach provides a useful set of tools for researchers and practitioners to effectively compare competing nested and non-nested IRT models.
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Mierau JO, Kann-Weedage D, Hoekstra PJ, Spiegelaar L, Jansen DEMC, Vermeulen KM, Reijneveld SA, van den Hoofdakker BJ, Buskens E, van den Akker-van Marle ME, Dirksen CD, Groenman AP. Assessing quality of life in psychosocial and mental health disorders in children: a comprehensive overview and appraisal of generic health related quality of life measures. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:329. [PMID: 32620157 PMCID: PMC7333319 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health problems often arise in childhood and adolescence and can have detrimental effects on people's quality of life (QoL). Therefore, it is of great importance for clinicians, policymakers and researchers to adequately measure QoL in children. With this review, we aim to provide an overview of existing generic measures of QoL suitable for economic evaluations in children with mental health problems. METHODS First, we undertook a meta-review of QoL instruments in which we identified all relevant instruments. Next, we performed a systematic review of the psychometric properties of the identified instruments. Lastly, the results were summarized in a decision tree. RESULTS This review provides an overview of these 22 generic instruments available to measure QoL in children with psychosocial and or mental health problems and their psychometric properties. A systematic search into the psychometric quality of these instruments found 195 suitable papers, of which 30 assessed psychometric quality in child and adolescent mental health. CONCLUSIONS We found that none of the instruments was perfect for use in economic evaluation of child and adolescent mental health care as all instruments had disadvantages, ranging from lack of psychometric research, no proxy version, not being suitable for young children, no age-specific value set for children under 18, to insufficient focus on relevant domains (e.g. social and emotional domains).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen O Mierau
- Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Aletta Jacobs School of Public Health, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisan Spiegelaar
- Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle E M C Jansen
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karin M Vermeulen
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sijmen A Reijneveld
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara J van den Hoofdakker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Buskens
- University Medical Center Groningen and Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Elske van den Akker-van Marle
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, section Medical Decision Making, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen D Dirksen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annabeth P Groenman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, freepostnumber 176, 9700VB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Psychology, Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Smith AB, Cocks K, Parry D, Taylor M. A Differential Item Functioning Analysis of the EQ-5D in Cancer. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2016; 19:1063-1067. [PMID: 27987634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether differential item functioning (DIF) was present in the EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D) used in cancer (non-small cell lung cancer and prostate cancer). METHODS The Partial Credit Model was applied to the three-level version of the EQ-5D with data obtained from four randomized controlled trials in prostate cancer and non-small cell lung cancer completed at baseline before treatment (N = 2213). DIF was assessed across cancer type (two levels), sex (two levels), and age group (three levels) using Mantel-Haenszel chi-square statistics and evaluated against the Educational Testing Service classification rules. RESULTS The presence of DIF was determined in 14 of 25 (56%) potential DIF contrasts in all the EQ-5D domains. Although mostly the DIF was categorized as either negligible (3 of 25 [12%]) or medium (7 of 25 [28%]), large DIF was observed in 4 of the 25 contrasts (16%). The mobility domain, in particular, showed consistently large DIF across cancer type, sex, and age. CONCLUSIONS Given the use of the instrument in health status assessments across conditions and interventions, these results may have significant implications for the EQ-5D in health economic evaluations. Further research is warranted to determine whether these results hold for other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam B Smith
- York Health Economics Consortium, University of York, York, UK.
| | - Kim Cocks
- York Trials Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - David Parry
- AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK
| | - Matthew Taylor
- York Health Economics Consortium, University of York, York, UK
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Stubbs B, Gardner-Sood P, Smith S, Ismail K, Greenwood K, Patel A, Farmer R, Gaughran F. Pain is independently associated with reduced health related quality of life in people with psychosis. Psychiatry Res 2015; 230:585-91. [PMID: 26471828 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to investigate the relationship between pain and health related quality of life (HRQOL) in people with psychosis. The study utilised a cross-sectional design including individuals with established psychosis from five Mental Health Trusts across England. Participants were classified as having pain or not and HRQOL was determined with the EQ-5D-3L. Covariates considered include the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). Hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. The final sample included 438 individuals with psychosis (47.5 years, SD 10.1, 193 females (42.9%)). 160 participants reported pain (36.5%) and compared to the non-pain group (N=278) they had significantly higher depressive symptoms (MADRS 14.91 vs 8.68), total (51.8 vs 47.9) and general PANSS scores (26.8 vs. 23.5) and lower overall HRQOL (54.7 vs 68.3). The final regression analysis (n=387) demonstrated that lower levels of pain were a predictor of better HRQOL (β=.173) after adjusting for the PANSS, MADRS and GAF. Depressive symptoms were the largest predictor of HRQOL (β=-.486). Only 1-2% of the sample were in receipt of analgesic medication suggesting pain is greatly overlooked despite its wider deleterious impact on HRQOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Poonam Gardner-Sood
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shubulade Smith
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London and Consultant Psychiatrist, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Khalida Ismail
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London and Consultant Liaison Psychiatrist at King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn Greenwood
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton and Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, West Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Patel
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Farmer
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundatio n Trust, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom; School of Health and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, HATFIELD AL10 9AB, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Gaughran
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundatio n Trust, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom; National Psychosis Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Senior Lecturer, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience and the Biomedical Research Centre, BRC Nucleus, Maudsley Hospital, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
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10
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EQ-5D as a measure of programme outcome: results from the Singapore early psychosis intervention programme. Psychiatry Res 2014; 215:46-51. [PMID: 24210666 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to establish the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among participants with First Episode Psychosis (FEP) in Singapore, to elucidate the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of HRQoL, and ascertain the change after 1-year of treatment. Two hundred and forty one patients accepted into an Early Psychosis Intervention Programme (EPIP) from April 2009 to June 2011 and who had completed baseline EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) assessments were included in this analysis. The mean (S.D.) EQ-5D index at baseline was 0.788 (0.258). One hundred thirty five (56.0%) patients who completed the EQ-5D assessment at the 12-month follow-up had a significantly higher EQ-5D index as compared to baseline. EQ-5D index was significantly higher among those patients who met criteria for remission at the 12-month interval than those who were not in remission. Our results suggest that the EQ-5D is responsive to improvement as it corresponded well to objective ratings of remission in our patients with FEP.
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Vaingankar JA, Subramaniam M, Abdin E, Picco L, Chua BY, Eng GK, Sambasivam R, Shafie S, Zhang Y, Chong SA. Development, validity and reliability of the short multidimensional positive mental health instrument. Qual Life Res 2013; 23:1459-77. [PMID: 24307210 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-013-0589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The 47-item positive mental health (PMH) instrument measures the level of PMH in multiethnic adult Asian populations. This study aimed to (1) develop a short PMH instrument and (2) establish its validity and reliability among the adult Singapore population. METHODS Two separate studies were conducted among adult community-dwelling Singapore residents of Chinese, Malay or Indian ethnicity where participants completed self-administered questionnaires. In the first study, secondary data analysis was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to shorten the PMH instrument. In the second study, the newly developed short PMH instrument and other scales were administered to 201 residents to establish its factor structure, validity and reliability. RESULTS A 20-item short PMH instrument fulfilling a higher-order six-factor structure was developed following secondary analysis. The mean age of the participants in the second study was 41 years and about 53% were women. One item with poor factor loading was further removed to generate a 19-item version of the PMH instrument. CFA demonstrated a first-order six-factor model of the short PMH instrument. The PMH-19 instrument and its subscales fulfilled criterion validity hypotheses. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the PMH-19 instrument were high (Cronbach's α coefficient = 0.87; intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.93, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The 19-item PMH instrument is multidimensional, valid and reliable, and most importantly, with its reduced administration time, the short PMH instrument can be used to measure and evaluate PMH in Asian communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, 539747, Singapore,
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Psychometric properties of the EuroQol Five Dimensional Questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L) in caregivers of autistic children. Qual Life Res 2013; 22:2909-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-013-0423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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