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Dhabhai R, Koranian P, Huang Q, Scheibelhoffer DSB, Dalai AK. Purification of glycerol and its conversion to value-added chemicals: A review. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2023.2189054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ajay Kumar Dalai
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Abstract
Utilization of biofuels generated from renewable sources has attracted broad attention due to their benefits such as reducing consumption of fossil fuels, sustainability, and consequently prevention of global warming. The production of biodiesel causes a huge amount of by-product, crude glycerol, to accumulate. Glycerol, because of its unique structure having three hydroxyl groups, can be converted to a variety of industrially valuable products. In recent decades, increasing studies have been carried out on different catalytic pathways to selectively produce a wide range of glycerol derivatives. In the current review, the main routes including carboxylation, oxidation, etherification, hydrogenolysis, esterification, and dehydration to convert glycerol to value-added products are investigated. In order to achieve more glycerol conversion and higher desired product selectivity, acquisition of knowledge on the catalysts, the type of acidic or basic, the supports, and studying various reaction pathways and operating parameters are necessary. This review attempts to summarize the knowledge of catalytic reactions and mechanisms leading to value-added derivatives of glycerol. Additionally, the application of main products from glycerol are discussed. In addition, an overview on the market of glycerol, its properties, applications, and prospects is presented.
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Maquirriain MA, Querini CA, Pisarello ML. Glycerine esterification with free fatty acids: Homogeneous catalysis. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abdullah AZ, Ghazali N, Hoo PY, Basir NI. Selective glycerol esterification to monolaurate over ZrO2/MCM-41 catalysts prepared using impregnation and precipitation methods. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2021.1881778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Natasha Ghazali
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Peng Yong Hoo
- Chemical Engineering Technology Division, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kampus UniCITI Alam, Sungai Chuchuh, Padang Besar, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Nor Irwin Basir
- School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
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Li XL, Zhou Q, Pan SX, He Y, Chang F. A Review of Catalytic Upgrading of Biodiesel Waste Glycerol to Valuable Products. CURRENT GREEN CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2213346107666200108114217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol is an organic polyol compound, and is an important raw material with extensive
applications in daily/petrochemical and pharmaceutical industry. Glycerol is typically obtained by
propylene chlorination, while the method used is complicated process and requires high energy consumption.
Interestingly, glycerol is recognized as a major by-product of biodiesel production. Approximately
100 kg of glycerol is yielded for 1 tonne of biodiesel production. With the rapid development
of the biodiesel industry, glycerol production capacity has been a serious surplus. This review introduces
the selective conversion of glycerol into a variety of value-added chemicals such as propylene
glycol, propanol, glyceraldehyde, and dihydroxyacetone via selective hydrogenation and oxidation, as
well as hydrocarbons and ethers via pyrolysis, gasification and etherification, respectively. The efficiency
of different types of catalysts and the influence of reaction parameters on the valorisation of
glycerol have been elucidated. Emphasis is also laid on the study of catalytic mechanisms and pathways
for some specific reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Lian Li
- Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Plant Resources, Kaili University, Kaili 556011, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Pharmaceutical and Bioengineering College, Hunan Chemical Vocational Technology College, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412000, China
| | - Shen-Xi Pan
- Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Plant Resources, Kaili University, Kaili 556011, China
| | - Yu He
- Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Plant Resources, Kaili University, Kaili 556011, China
| | - Fei Chang
- Institute of Comprehensive Utilization of Plant Resources, Kaili University, Kaili 556011, China
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Hamerski F, Dusi GG, Fernandes dos Santos JT, da Silva VR, Pedersen Voll FA, Corazza ML. Esterification reaction kinetics of acetic acid and n‐pentanol catalyzed by sulfated zirconia. INT J CHEM KINET 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiane Hamerski
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFederal University of Paraná (UFPR) Curitiba PR Brazil
| | - Giovana Gonçalves Dusi
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFederal University of Paraná (UFPR) Curitiba PR Brazil
| | | | - Vítor Renan da Silva
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFederal University of Paraná (UFPR) Curitiba PR Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Lúcio Corazza
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFederal University of Paraná (UFPR) Curitiba PR Brazil
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7
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Biphasic reaction of glycerol and oleic acid: Byproducts formation and phase transfer autocatalytic effect. Catal Today 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Kong PS, Pérès Y, Wan Daud WMA, Cognet P, Aroua MK. Esterification of Glycerol With Oleic Acid Over Hydrophobic Zirconia-Silica Acid Catalyst and Commercial Acid Catalyst: Optimization and Influence of Catalyst Acidity. Front Chem 2019; 7:205. [PMID: 31058128 PMCID: PMC6477701 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Catalytic esterification of glycerol with oleic acid (OA) was optimized over hydrophobic mesoporous zirconia-silica heterogeneous acid catalyst (ZrO2-SiO2-Me&Et-PhSO3H) and benchmarked with commercial catalysts (Aquivion and Amberlyst 15) in order to examine the effect of catalyst acidity on conversion, yield and product selectivity. The process optimisation results showed an 80% conversion with a 59.4% glycerol mono-oleate (GMO) and 34.6% glycerol dioleate (GDO) selectivities corresponding to a combined GMO and GDO selectivity of 94.8% at equimolar OA-to-glycerol ratio, 160°C reaction temperature, 5 wt% catalyst concentration with respect to the OA weight and 4 h reaction time. This work reveals that the hydrophobic and mild acidic ZrO2-SiO2-Me&Et-PhSO3H catalyst outperformed Amberlyst 15 and Aquivion with a yield of 82% and GMO selectivity of 60%. It is found that catalyst acidity is a key parameter for catalytic activity and conversion rate. Nevertheless, high acidity/acid strength reduced the product yield in the glycerol esterification of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei San Kong
- Sime Darby Research Sdn. Bhd., Pulau Carey, Malaysia
| | - Yolande Pérès
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Patrick Cognet
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua
- Centre for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Utilization, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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Kong PS, Cognet P, Pérès Y, Esvan J, Daud WMAW, Aroua MK. Development of a Novel Hydrophobic ZrO2–SiO2 Based Acid Catalyst for Catalytic Esterification of Glycerol with Oleic Acid. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pei San Kong
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (Labège), BP 84234 Campus INP-ENSIACET, 4 allée Emile Monso, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Patrick Cognet
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (Labège), BP 84234 Campus INP-ENSIACET, 4 allée Emile Monso, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Yolande Pérès
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (Labège), BP 84234 Campus INP-ENSIACET, 4 allée Emile Monso, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Jerome Esvan
- CIRIMAT (Labège), BP 84234 Campus INP-ENSIACET, 4 allée Emile Monso, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua
- Centre for Carbon Dioxide Capture and Utilization (CCDCU), School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
- Department of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, United Kingdom
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Siri-nguan N, Ngamcharussrivichai C. Alkoxide-intercalated Mg–Al layered double hydroxides as selective catalysts for the synthesis of monoglycerides. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-016-1018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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