Esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol over bio-glycerol derived carbon–sulfonic-acid

A Novel Coating System Based on Layered Double Hydroxide/HQS Hierarchical Structure for Reliable Protection of Mg Alloy: Electrochemical and Computational Perspectives

Growing research activity on layered double hydroxide (LDH)-based materials for novel applications has been increasing; however, promoting LDH layer growth and examining its morphologies without resorting to extreme pressure conditions remains a challenge. In the present study, we enhance LDH growth and morphology examination without extreme pressure conditions. By synthesizing Mg-Al LDH directly on plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO)-treated Mg alloy surfaces and pores at ambient pressure, the direct synthesis was achieved feasibly without autoclave requirements, employing a suitable chelating agent. Additionally, enhancing corrosion resistance involved incorporating electron donor-acceptor compounds into a protective layer, with 8-Hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (HQS) that helps in augmenting Mg alloy corrosion resistance through the combination of LDH ion-exchange ability and the organic layer. DFT simulations were used to explain the mutual interactions in the LDH system and provide a theoretical knowledge of the interfacial process at the molecular level.

Esterification of biomass-derived levulinic acid using molybdate-intercalated hydrotalcite materials

The molybdate-stabilized MgFe-HT is demonstrated as a potential catalyst for levulinic acid esterification with 93% conversion and 95% butyl-levulinate selectivity.