Loading of nickel phthalocyanine onto functionalized mesoporous KIT-6 solid support: an efficient visible photocatalyst for the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol

Nickel phthalocyanine@graphene oxide/TiO2 as an efficient degradation catalyst of formic acid toward hydrogen production

A new photocatalytic system was introduced to degrade formic acid toward hydrogen production using nickel(II) phthalocyanine (NiPc)@graphene oxide (GO)/TiO₂ as the catalyst. Synthesis of NiPc was performed in the presence of GO leading to a homogeneous distribution of NiPc on GO. While TiO₂ promoted the reaction using each of NiPc and GO under visible light, the reaction was carried out with superior rate using NiPc@GO/TiO₂. In this reaction, GO minimized the band gap of TiO₂ through contributing its Fermi levels and NiPc escalated the photocatalytic reaction rate as a sensitizing agent. The reaction released hydrogen with the rate of 1.38 mmol h⁻¹ and TOF = 77 h⁻¹.