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Singh S, Dhanawat M, Gupta S, Kumar D, Kakkar S, Nair A, Verma I, Sharma P. Naturally Inspired Pyrimidines Analogues for Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 19:136-151. [PMID: 33176653 PMCID: PMC8033975 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666201111110136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifarious and developing neurodegenerative disorder. The treatment of AD is still a challenge and availability of drug therapy on the basis of symptoms is not up to the mark. In the context of existence, which is getting worse for the human brain, it is necessary to take care of all critical measures. The disease is caused due to multidirectional pathology of the body, which demands the multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) approach. This gives hope for new drugs for AD, summarized here in with the pyrimidine based natural product inspired molecule as a lead. The review is sufficient in providing a list of chemical ingredients of the plant to cure AD and screen them against various potential targets of AD. The synthesis of a highly functionalized scaffold in one step in a single pot without isolating the intermediate is a challenging task. In few examples, we have highlighted the importance of this kind of reaction, generally known as multi-component reaction. Multi-component is a widely accepted technique by the drug discovery people due to its high atom economy. It reduces multi-step process to a one-step process, therefore the compounds library can be made in minimum time and cost. This review has highlighted the importance of multicomponent reactions by giving the example of active scaffolds of pyrimidine/fused pyrimidines. This would bring importance to the fast as well as smart synthesis of bio-relevant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Somany College of Pharmacy, Rewari, Haryana, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Meenakshi Dhanawat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. M. College of Pharmacy, M. M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, (Ambala), Haryana, India
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. M. College of Pharmacy, M. M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, (Ambala), Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Indra Gandhi University, Mirpur, Rewari Haryana, India
| | - Saloni Kakkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Anroop Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Inderjeet Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. M. College of Pharmacy, M. M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, (Ambala), Haryana, India
| | - Prerna Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. M. College of Pharmacy, M. M. (Deemed to be University), Mullana, (Ambala), Haryana, India
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Nabil S, Al-Dossary AO. in vitro Cytotoxic Evaluation of Some New Synthesized Pyridazine Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.14233/ajchem.2019.21832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel pyridazine, pyrazoles, pyrimidines derivatives have been synthesized through the reaction of chloropyridazine (1) with p-phenylenediamine to give compound 2. Diazotization of compound 2 followed by coupling with active methylene compounds namely acetylacetone, ethylcyanoacetate and/or ethylacetoacetate afforded novel hydrazons derivatives (4-6). The resulting hydrazons can have been cyclized using hydrazine hydrate and guanidine gave the corresponding pyrazoles (7-9) and pyimidine (10) derivatives. Reaction of compound 2 with acrylonitrile, aromatic aldehyde, p-chloroacetophenone and phenyl isothiocyanate gave compounds 11, 12a, 12b, 13 and 17, respectively. The latter compounds have been used in synthesis of some heterocyclic compounds. The cytotoxic activity of the most active compounds was assessed in vitro against breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7), human liver cancer cell line (HEPG2), human colon cancer cell line (HCT). Compounds 4, 8 showed best activity against MCF-7 cell line, compounds 5, 13a showed best activity against HePG2 cell line and compound 10 showed best activity against HCT cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nabil
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Obaid Al-Dossary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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