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Perz M, Szymanowska D, Janeczko T, Kostrzewa-Susłow E. Antimicrobial Properties of Flavonoid Derivatives with Bromine, Chlorine, and Nitro Group Obtained by Chemical Synthesis and Biotransformation Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5540. [PMID: 38791577 PMCID: PMC11122099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The search for new substances of natural origin, such as flavonoids, is necessary in the fight against the growing number of diseases and bacterial resistance to antibiotics. In our research, we wanted to check the influence of flavonoids with chlorine or bromine atoms and a nitro group on pathogenic and probiotic bacteria. We synthesized flavonoids using Claisen-Schmidt condensation and its modifications, and through biotransformation via entomopathogenic filamentous fungi, we obtained their glycoside derivatives. Biotransformation yielded two new flavonoid glycosides: 8-amino-6-chloroflavone 4'-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside and 6-bromo-8-nitroflavone 4'-O-β-D-(4″-O-methyl)-glucopyranoside. Subsequently, we checked the antimicrobial properties of the aforementioned aglycon flavonoid compounds against pathogenic and probiotic bacteria and yeast. Our studies revealed that flavones have superior inhibitory effects compared to chalcones and flavanones. Notably, 6-chloro-8-nitroflavone showed potent inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria. Conversely, flavanones 6-chloro-8-nitroflavanone and 6-bromo-8-nitroflavanone stimulated the growth of probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Pediococcus pentosaceus). Our research has shown that the presence of chlorine, bromine, and nitro groups has a significant effect on their antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Perz
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Daria Szymanowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-627 Poznań, Poland;
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janeczko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
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Maurya A, Agrawal A. Recent Advancement in Bioactive Chalcone Hybrids as Potential Antimicrobial Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:176-195. [PMID: 37497710 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230727102606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones are flavonoid-related aromatic ketones and enones generated from plants. The chalcones have a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-tumor, calming, and antimicrobial activities. In the present review, we have focused on the recently published original research articles on chalcones as a unique antibacterial framework in medicinal chemistry. Chalcones are structurally diverse moieties and can be split into simple and hybrid chalcones, with both having core pharmacophore 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-one. Chalcones are isolated from natural sources and also synthesized by using various methods. Their structure-activity relationship, mechanisms, and list of patents are also summarized in this paper. This review article outlines the currently published antimicrobial chalcone hybrids and suggests that chalcone derivatives may be potential antimicrobial agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Maurya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
| | - Alka Agrawal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., 221005, India
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de Oliveira AS, Cenci AR, Gonçalves L, Thedy MEC, Justino A, Braga AL, Meier L. Chalcone Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents: An Updated Overview. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:2314-2329. [PMID: 36803761 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230220140819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The indiscriminate use of antibiotics brings an alarming reality: in 2050, bacterial resistance could be the main cause of death in the world, resulting in the death of 10 million people, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In this sense, to combat bacterial resistance, several natural substances, including chalcones, have been described in relation to antibacterial, representing a potential tool for the discovery of new antibacterial drugs. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to perform a bibliographic survey and discuss the main contributions in the literature about the antibacterial potential of chalcones in the last 5 years. METHODS A search was carried out in the main repositories, for which the publications of the last 5 years were investigated and discussed. Unprecedented in this review, in addition to the bibliographic survey, molecular docking studies were carried out to exemplify the applicability of using one of the molecular targets for the design of new entities with antibacterial activity. RESULTS In the last 5 years, antibacterial activities were reported for several types of chalcones, for which activities were observed for both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with high potency, including MIC values in the nanomolar range. Molecular docking simulations demonstrated important intermolecular interactions between chalcones and residues from the enzymatic cavity of the enzyme DNA gyrase, one of the validated molecular targets in the development of new antibacterial agents. CONCLUSION The data presented demonstrate the potential of using chalcones in drug development programs with antibacterial properties, which may be useful to combat resistance, a worldwide public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo S de Oliveira
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau-SC, Brazil
| | - Arthur R Cenci
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau-SC, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gonçalves
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau-SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda C Thedy
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
| | - Angelica Justino
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
| | - Antônio L Braga
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis-SC, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Meier
- Department of Exact Sciences and Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau-SC, Brazil
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Hernández-Rivera JL, Espinoza-Hicks JC, Chacón-Vargas KF, Carrillo-Campos J, Sánchez-Torres LE, Camacho-Dávila AA. Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of prenylated chalcones ethers as promising antileishmanial compounds. Mol Divers 2023; 27:2073-2092. [PMID: 36306047 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10542-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Drug therapy for leishmaniasis remains a major challenge as currently available drugs have limited efficacy, induce serious side-effects and are not accessible to everyone. Thus, the discovery of affordable drugs is urgently needed. Chalcones present a great potential as bioactive agents due to simple structure and functionalization capacity. The antileishmanial activity of different natural and synthetic chalcones have been reported. Here we report the synthesis of twenty-five novel prenylated chalcones that displayed antiparasitic activity in Leishmania mexicana. All the chalcones were evaluated at 5 µg/mL and eleven compounds exhibited a metabolic inhibition close to or exceeding 50%. Compounds 49, 30 and 55 were the three most active with IC50 values < 10 μM. These chalcones also showed the highest selectivity index (SI) values. Interestingly 49 and 55 possessing a substituent at a meta position in the B ring suggests that the substitution pattern influences antileishmanial activity. Additionally, a tridimensional model of fumarate reductase of L. mexicana was obtained by homology modeling. Docking studies suggest that prenylated chalcones could modulate fumarate reductase activity by binding with good affinity to two binding sites that are critical for the target. In conclusion, the novel prenylated chalcones could be considered as promising antileishmanial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lizbeth Hernández-Rivera
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario S/N, Campus Universitario II, 31125, Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico
| | - José C Espinoza-Hicks
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario S/N, Campus Universitario II, 31125, Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico
| | - Karla F Chacón-Vargas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario S/N, Campus Universitario II, 31125, Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, s/n, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Carrillo-Campos
- Departamento de Investigación Científica, Universidad Tecnológica de Parras de la Fuente, Calle 20 de Noviembre #100, Colonia José G. Madero, CP 27989, Parras de la Fuente, Coah., Mexico
| | - Luvia Enid Sánchez-Torres
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala, s/n, 11340, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Alejandro A Camacho-Dávila
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario S/N, Campus Universitario II, 31125, Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico.
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Kumar R, Kumar D, Upadhyay RK, Deswal N, Takkar P, Kareem A, Kumar V, Kumar LS. Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial Screening and Docking Studies of Newer 1,4‐Dihydropyridine tethered Chalcone Hybrids. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Bio-organic Laboratory University of Delhi Delhi 110007
| | - Dhiraj Kumar
- IndiaDepartment of Chemistry Bio-organic Laboratory Kirori Mal College University of Delhi Delhi 110 007 India
| | | | - Nidhi Deswal
- Department of Chemistry Bio-organic Laboratory University of Delhi Delhi 110007
| | - Priya Takkar
- Department of Chemistry Bio-organic Laboratory University of Delhi Delhi 110007
| | | | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Microbiology University of Delhi, South Campus Benito Juarez Marg Delhi 110021 India
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Sharshira EM, Ataalla AA, Hagar M, Salah M, Jaremko M, Shehata N. Novel Novolac Phenolic Polymeric Network of Chalcones: Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal–Electrical Conductivity Investigation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175409. [PMID: 36080176 PMCID: PMC9458219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novolac phenolic polymeric networks (NPPN) were prepared via an acid-catalyzed polycondensation reaction of formaldehyde with chalcones possessing a p-phenolic OH group. When p-hydroxybenzaldehyde was treated with formaldehyde under the same conditions, a phenolic polymer (PP) was obtained. The resulting polymers were isolated in excellent yields (83–98%). Isolated polymers (NPPN, PP) were characterized using FTIR, TGA, and XRD. The results obtained from the TGA revealed that all prepared phenolic polymers have high thermal stability at high temperatures and can act as thermosetting materials. XRD data analysis showed a high degree of amorphousness for all polymers (78.8–89.2%). The electrical conductivities and resistivities of all chalcone-based phenolic networks (NPPN) and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde polymer (PP) were also determined. The physical characteristics obtained from the I-V curve showed that the conductivity of phenolic polymers has a wide range from ultimately negligible values of 0.09 µS/cm up to 2.97 μS/cm. The degree of polarization of the conjugated system’s carbonyl group was attributed to high, low, or even no conductivity for all phenolic polymers since the electronic effects (inductive and mesomeric) could impact the polarization of the carbonyl group and, consequently, change the degree of the charge separation to show varied conductivity values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam Mohamed Sharshira
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.M.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Ahmed A. Ataalla
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21321, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.M.S.); (M.H.)
| | - Mohammed Salah
- Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), P.O. Box 4700, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nader Shehata
- Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
- Centre of Smart Materials, Nanotechnology and Photonics (CSMNP), SmartCI Research Centre, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
- USTAR Bioinnovations Centre, Faculty of Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84341, USA
- Department of Physics, Kuwait College of Science and Technology (KCST), Doha Superior Rd., Jahraa 13133, Kuwait
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Silva J, Esmeraldo Rocha J, da Cunha Xavier J, Sampaio de Freitas T, Douglas Melo Coutinho H, Nogueira Bandeira P, Rodrigues de Oliveira M, Nunes da Rocha M, Machado Marinho E, de Kassio Vieira Monteiro N, Ribeiro LR, Róseo Paula Pessoa Bezerra de Menezes R, Machado Marinho M, Magno Rodrigues Teixeira A, Silva dos Santos H, Silva Marinho E. Antibacterial and antibiotic modifying activity of chalcone (2E)-1-(4′-aminophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one in strains of Staphylococcus aureus carrying NorA and MepA efflux pumps: In vitro and in silico approaches. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105664. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Nunes da Rocha M, Marinho MM, Magno Rodrigues Teixeira A, Marinho ES, dos Santos HS. Predictive ADMET study of rhodanine-3-acetic acid chalcone derivatives. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Shamsudin NF, Ahmed QU, Mahmood S, Ali Shah SA, Khatib A, Mukhtar S, Alsharif MA, Parveen H, Zakaria ZA. Antibacterial Effects of Flavonoids and Their Structure-Activity Relationship Study: A Comparative Interpretation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041149. [PMID: 35208939 PMCID: PMC8879123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
According to the latest report released by the World Health Organization, bacterial resistance to well-known and widely available antibacterial drugs has become a significant and severe global health concern and a grim challenge to tackle in order to cure infections associated with multidrug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms efficiently. Consequently, various strategies have been orchestrated to cure the severe complications related to multidrug-resistant bacteria effectively. Some approaches involved the retardation of biofilm formation and multidrug-resistance pumps in bacteria as well as the discovery of new antimicrobial agents demonstrating different mechanisms of action. In this regard, natural products namely alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, anthraquinone, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, etc., have been suggested to tackle the multidrug-resistant bacterial strains owing to their versatile pharmacological effects. Amongst these, flavonoids, also known as polyphenolic compounds, have been widely evaluated for their antibacterial property due to their tendency to retard the growth of a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms, including multidrug-resistant bacteria. The hydroxylation of C5, C7, C3′, and C4′; and geranylation or prenylation at C6 have been extensively studied to increase bacterial inhibition of flavonoids. On the other hand, methoxylation at C3′ and C5 has been reported to decrease flavonoids’ antibacterial action. Hence, the latest information on the antibacterial activity of flavonoids is summarized in this review, with particular attention to the structure–activity relationship of this broad class of natural compounds to discover safe and potent antibacterial agents as natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Farisya Shamsudin
- Drug Design and Synthesis Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang D. M., Malaysia; (N.F.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Qamar Uddin Ahmed
- Drug Design and Synthesis Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang D. M., Malaysia; (N.F.S.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: (Q.U.A.); or (Z.A.Z.)
| | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology (Chemical), Gambang Campus, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Kuantan 26300, Pahang D. M., Malaysia
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor D. E., Malaysia;
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor D. E., Malaysia
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Drug Design and Synthesis Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang D. M., Malaysia; (N.F.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Sayeed Mukhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.); (H.P.)
| | - Meshari A. Alsharif
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24230, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Humaira Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.); (H.P.)
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (Q.U.A.); or (Z.A.Z.)
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new chalconate Co (II/III) complex with cytotoxic activity. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Uchil A, Murali TS, Nayak R. Escaping ESKAPE: A chalcone perspective. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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