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Kurbatov AO, Balabaev NK, Litvin KA, Kramarenko EY. Structure and Mechanical Response of Polybutylcarbosilane Dendrimers Confined in a Flat Slit: Effect of Molecular Architecture and Generation Number. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4040. [PMID: 37896283 PMCID: PMC10610163 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the absence of specific interactions, carbosilane dendrimers are ideal models to study the effect of a hyperbranched regular structure on the molecular response to external influences. In this work, we have studied the conformational behavior of single polybutylcarbosilane dendrimers under confinement between impermeable flat surfaces using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Dendrimers of different generations belonging to two homologous series with a tetra-functional core and three- and four-functional branches were simulated. The analysis of the dependence of the internal energy of the dendrimers on the wall distance allowed us to determine the critical degree of compression at which the dendrimers are able to change their shape without energy loss. The effects of generation number and branching functionality on the number of wall contacts, density distribution and shape changes were elucidated. It was found that for high generation dendrimers, the inner layers are not accessible for external interaction. It was shown that the excess stresses occurring at high compressions are concentrated in the structural center of the dendrimer. The nature of the elastic response, which is strongly nonlinear, was analyzed at different compressions depending on the dendrimer architecture and generation. We believe that our results are useful for further studies of dendrimer films under compression and can also serve as a basis for developing model concepts to describe the dynamics of dendrimer melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey O. Kurbatov
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.O.K.); (K.A.L.)
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Nikolay K. Balabaev
- Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology RAS—The Branch of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia;
| | - Kirill A. Litvin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.O.K.); (K.A.L.)
| | - Elena Yu. Kramarenko
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; (A.O.K.); (K.A.L.)
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Hybrid Polycarbosilane-Siloxane Dendrimers: Synthesis and Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13040606. [PMID: 33671474 PMCID: PMC7922192 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of carbosilane dendrimers of the 4th, 6th, and 7th generations with a terminal trimethylsilylsiloxane layer was synthesized. Theoretical models of these dendrimers were developed, and equilibrium dendrimer conformations obtained via molecular dynamics simulations were in a good agreement with experimental small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data demonstrating molecule monodispersity and an almost spherical shape. It was confirmed that the glass transition temperature is independent of the dendrimer generation, but is greatly affected by the chemical nature of the dendrimer terminal groups. A sharp increase in the zero-shear viscosity of dendrimer melts was found between the 5th and the 7th dendrimer generations, which was qualitatively identical to that previously reported for polycarbosilane dendrimers with butyl terminal groups. The viscoelastic properties of high-generation dendrimers seem to follow some general trends with an increase in the generation number, which are determined by the regular branching structure of dendrimers.
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Markin AV, Sarmini YA, Sologubov SS, Smirnova NN, Boldyrev KL, Tatarinova EA, Meshkov IB, Muzafarov AM. Thermodynamic Properties of a First-Generation Siloxane Dendrimer with Terminal Trimethylsilyl Groups. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024420020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Boldyrev K, Tatarinova E, Meshkov I, Vasilenko N, Buzin M, Novikov R, Vasil'ev V, Shtykova E, Feigin L, Bystrova A, Chvalun S, Muzafarov A. New approach to the synthesis of polymethylsilsesquioxane dendrimers. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bakirov AV, Tatarinova EA, Milenin SA, Shcherbina MA, Muzafarov AM, Chvalun SN. Close-packed polybutylcarbosilane dendrimers of higher generations. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:9755-9759. [PMID: 30484468 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm02145g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Variation of generation number strongly affects the type of ordering found for polybutylcarbosilane dendrimers: G5 dendrimers are liquid-like, G6 are cubic liquid crystals and G7/G8 are disordered close-packed. It was revealed that G6 dendrimers are highly likely to form Im3[combining macron]m lattice structures with the parameter a = 5.15 nm, and a domain size that exceeds 100 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem V Bakirov
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymer Materials RAS, 70 Profsoyuznaya str., 117393, Moscow, Russia.
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Vasil'ev VG, Kramarenko EY, Tatarinova EA, Milenin SA, Kalinina AA, Papkov VS, Muzafarov AM. An unprecedented jump in the viscosity of high-generation carbosilane dendrimer melts. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Investigation of Melts of Polybutylcarbosilane Dendrimers by 1H NMR Spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13710. [PMID: 29057955 PMCID: PMC5651846 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Melts of polybutylcarbosilane (PBC) dendrimers from third (G3) up to sixth (G6) generations are investigated by 1H NMR spectroscopy in a wide temperature range up to 493 K. At room temperature, NMR spectra of G3-G5 dendrimers exhibit resolved, solution-like spectra (“liquid” phase). In contrast, the spectrum of the G6 dendrimer is characterized by a single unresolved broad line at whole temperature range, which supports the presence of an anomalous phase state of G6 at temperatures higher than glass transition temperature. For the first time, an unexpected transition of G5 dendrimer from a molecular liquid state to an anomalous state/phase upon temperature increase has been detected using NMR data. Specifically, an additional wide background line appears in the G5 spectrum above 473 K, and this line corresponds to a G5 state characterized by restricted molecular mobility, i.e., a state similar to the “anomalous” phase of G6 melt. The fraction of the G5 dendrimers in “anomalous” phase at 493 K is approximately 40%. Analysis of the spectral shapes suggests that changes in the G5 dendrimers are reversible with temperature.
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Balabaev NK, Mazo MA, Kramarenko EY. Insight into the Structure of Polybutylcarbosilane Dendrimer Melts via Extensive Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. K. Balabaev
- Institute
of Mathematical Problems of Biology, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia
| | - M. A. Mazo
- Semenov Institute
of Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - E. Yu. Kramarenko
- Faculty
of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- A.N. Nesmeyanov
Institute for Organoelement Compounds RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Sologubov SS, Markin AV, Smirnova NN, Novozhilova NA, Tatarinova EA, Muzafarov AM. Thermodynamic Properties of Carbosilane Dendrimers of the Sixth Generation with Ethylene Oxide Terminal Groups. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:14527-35. [PMID: 26494191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b06786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The temperature dependences of heat capacities of carbosilane dendrimers of the sixth generation with ethyleneoxide terminal groups, denoted as G6[(OCH2CH2)1OCH3]256 and G6[(OCH2CH2)3OCH3]256, were measured in the temperature range from T = (6 to 520) K by precision adiabatic calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In the above temperature range the physical transformations, such as glass transition and high-temperature relaxation transition, were detected. The standard thermodynamic characteristics of the revealed transformations were determined and analyzed. The standard thermodynamic functions, namely, heat capacity Cp°(T), enthalpy H°(T) - H°(0), entropy S°(T) - S°(0), and Gibbs energy G°(T) - H°(0) for the range from T → 0 to 520 K, and the standard entropies of formation ΔfS° of the investigated dendrimers in the devitrified state at T = 298.15 K, were calculated per corresponding moles of the notional structural units. The standard thermodynamic properties of dendrimers under study were discussed and compared with literature data for carbosilane dendrimers with different functional terminal groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semen S Sologubov
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod , 23/5 Gagarin Av., 603950 Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexey V Markin
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod , 23/5 Gagarin Av., 603950 Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
| | - Natalia N Smirnova
- Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod , 23/5 Gagarin Av., 603950 Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
| | - Natalia A Novozhilova
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences , 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A Tatarinova
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences , 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aziz M Muzafarov
- Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences , 70 Profsoyuznaya St., 117393 Moscow, Russia
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Synthesis and properties of carbosilane dendrimers of the third and sixth generations with the ethylene oxide surface layer in bulk and in monolayers at the air-water interface. Russ Chem Bull 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-013-0365-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Smirnova NN, Markin AV, Letyanina IA, Sologubov SS, Novozhilova NA, Tatarinova EA, Muzafarov AM. Thermodynamic properties of carbosilane dendrimers of the third and sixth generations with ethyleneoxide terminal groups. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024414050306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Muzafarov AM, Bystrova AV, Vasilenko NG, Ignat'eva GM. New approaches in silicon production and recycling for sustainable future. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2013. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2013v082n07abeh004406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Smirnova NN, Markin AV, Samosudova YS, Ignat’eva GM, Katarzhnova EY, Muzafarov AM. Thermodynamics of G-3(D4) and G-6(D4) carbosilanecyclosiloxane dendrimers. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024413040262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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