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Heise NV, Denner TC, Becker S, Hoenke S, Csuk R. Developing an Amide-Spacered Triterpenoid Rhodamine Hybrid of Nano-Molar Cytotoxicity Combined with Excellent Tumor Cell/Non-Tumor Cell Selectivity. Molecules 2023; 28:6404. [PMID: 37687233 PMCID: PMC10489938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Asiatic acid, a pentacyclic triterpene, was converted into a series of piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, and 1,5-diazocinyl spacered rhodamine conjugates, differing in the type of spacer and the substitution pattern on the rhodamine moiety of the hybrids. The compounds were tested for cytotoxic activity in SRB assays and compound 12, holding an EC50 of 0.8 nM, was the most cytotoxic compound of this series, but compound 18 (containing a ring expanded 1,5-diazocinyl moiety and n-propyl substituents on the rhodamine) was the most selective compound exhibiting a selectivity factor of almost 190 while retaining high cytotoxicity (EC50 = 1.9 nM, for A2780 ovarian carcinoma).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - René Csuk
- NF II, Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; (N.V.H.); (T.C.D.); (S.B.); (S.H.)
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Bogdanov AV, Bukharov SV, Garifullina RA, Voloshina AD, Lyubina AP, Amerkhanova SK, Bezsonova MS, Khaptsev ZY, Tsivileva OM. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation of Ammonium Acylhydrazones Based on 4,6-Di-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hoenke S, Serbian I, Deigner HP, Csuk R. Mitocanic Di- and Triterpenoid Rhodamine B Conjugates. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225443. [PMID: 33233650 PMCID: PMC7699795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of the “correct” triterpenoid, the “correct” spacer and rhodamine B (RhoB) seems to be decisive for the ability of the conjugate to accumulate in mitochondria. So far, several triterpenoid rhodamine B conjugates have been prepared and screened for their cytotoxic activity. To obtain cytotoxic compounds with EC50 values in a low nano-molar range combined with good tumor/non-tumor selectivity, the Rho B unit has to be attached via an amine spacer to the terpenoid skeleton. To avoid spirolactamization, secondary amines have to be used. First results indicate that a homopiperazinyl spacer is superior to a piperazinyl spacer. Hybrids derived from maslinic acid or tormentic acid are superior to those from oleanolic, ursolic, glycyrrhetinic or euscaphic acid. Thus, a tormentic acid-derived RhoB conjugate 32, holding a homopiperazinyl spacer can be regarded, at present, as the most promising candidate for further biological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Hoenke
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
| | - Immo Serbian
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Medical and Life Science Faculty, Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob–Kienzle–Street 17, D-78054 Villigen–Schwenningen, Germany;
| | - René Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes Street 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany; (S.H.); (I.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-345-5525660
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Brandes B, Koch L, Hoenke S, Deigner HP, Csuk R. The presence of a cationic center is not alone decisive for the cytotoxicity of triterpene carboxylic acid amides. Steroids 2020; 163:108713. [PMID: 32795453 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
3-O-Acetyl-ursolic acid (2) and 3-O-acetyl oleanolic acid (8) were converted into piperazinylamides holding a distal NH, NMe or a NMe2 group. These compounds as well as the corresponding N-methyl-N-oxides were accessed. Their cytotoxicity was assessed in SRB assays employing a panel of human tumor cell lines and non-malignant fibroblasts (NIH 3T3). As a result, compounds holding a quaternary distal N-substituent were less cytotoxic that those holding a NH-moiety. Hence, the presence of a distal cationic center seems not to be a sufficient criterion for obtaining triterpenoids of high cytotoxicity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Brandes
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lukas Koch
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sophie Hoenke
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Furtwangen University, Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, D-78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - René Csuk
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Cytotoxic triterpenoid-safirinium conjugates target the endoplasmic reticulum. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112920. [PMID: 33049606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Safirinium P and Q fluorescence labels were synthesized and conjugated with spacered triterpenoic acids to access hybrid structures. While the parent safirinium compounds were not cytotoxic at all, many triterpenoid safirinium P and Q conjugates showed moderate cytotoxicity. An exception, however, was safirinium P derived compound 30 holding low EC50 = 5.4 μM (for A375 cells) to EC50 = 7.5 μM (for FaDu cells) as well as EC50 = 6.6 μM for non-malignant fibroblasts NIH 3T3. Fluorescence imaging showed that the safirinium core structures cannot enter the cells (not even after a prolonged incubation time of 24 h), while the conjugates (as exemplified for 30) are accumulating in the endoplasmic reticulum but not in the mitochondria. The development of safirinium-hybrids targeting the endoplasmic reticulum can be regarded as a promising strategy in the development of cytotoxic agents.
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Hoenke S, Heise NV, Kahnt M, Deigner HP, Csuk R. Betulinic acid derived amides are highly cytotoxic, apoptotic and selective. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112815. [PMID: 32956968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Betulinic and platanic acid derived amides were prepared and screened for their cytotoxic activity. All of the compounds were shown to be cytotoxic for a panel of human tumor cell lines, and especially apoptotic betulinic acid derived compounds 6, 8 and 19 showed low EC50 values. Of special interest was a 4-isoquinolinyl amide of 3-O-acetyl-betulinic acid (compound 19), being the most cytotoxic compound of this series and holding EC50 values as low as EC50 = 1.48 μM (A375 melanoma cells) while being significantly less cytotoxic for non-malignant fibroblasts NIH 3T3 with a selectivity index of >91.2. This finding parallels previous results obtained for SAA21, a augustic acid derived compound thus making the 4-isoquinolinyl moiety to a privileged scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Hoenke
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Niels V Heise
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Kahnt
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Furtwangen University, Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, D-78054, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - René Csuk
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of malachite green derived oleanolic and ursolic acid piperazineamides. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe coupling of acetylated piperazinylamide spacered triterpenoic oleanolic acid and ursolic acid with meta or para substituted carboxylated malachite green analogs gave conjugates 10, 11, 15, and 16 that were cytotoxic for several human tumor cell lines. Especially, an oleanolic acid-derived compound 10 was cytotoxic for MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells (EC50 = 0.7 μM). These derivatives represent first examples of triterpenoic acid derivatives holding a cationic scaffold derived from malachite green.
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Spivak A, Khalitova R, Nedopekina D, Dzhemileva L, Yunusbaeva M, Odinokov V, D'yakonov V, Dzhemilev U. Synthesis and Evaluation of Anticancer Activities of Novel C-28 Guanidine-Functionalized Triterpene Acid Derivatives. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23113000. [PMID: 30453551 PMCID: PMC6278366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23113000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triterpene acids, namely, 20,29-dihydrobetulinic acid (BA), ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) were converted into C-28-amino-functionalized triterpenoids 4–7, 8a, 15, 18 and 20. These compounds served as precursors for the synthesis of novel guanidine-functionalized triterpene acid derivatives 9b–12b, 15c, 18c and 20c. The influence of the guanidine group on the antitumor properties of triterpenoids was investigated. The cytotoxicity was tested on five human tumor cell lines (Jurkat, K562, U937, HEK, and Hela), and compared with the tests on normal human fibroblasts. The antitumor activities of the most tested guanidine derivatives was lower, than that of corresponding amines, but triterpenoids with the guanidine group were less toxic towards human fibroblasts. The introduction of the tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane moiety into the molecules of triterpene acids markedly enhanced the cytotoxic activity of the resulting conjugates 15, 15c, 18b,c and 20b,c irrespective of the triterpene skeleton type. The dihydrobetulinic acid amine 15, its guanidinium derivative 15c and guanidinium derivatives of ursolic and oleanolic acids 18c and 20c were selected for extended biological investigations in Jurkat cells, which demonstrated that the antitumor activity of these compounds is mediated by induction of cell cycle arrest at the S-phase and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Spivak
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russia.
| | - Rezeda Khalitova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russia.
| | - Darya Nedopekina
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russia.
| | - Lilya Dzhemileva
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russia.
| | - Milyausha Yunusbaeva
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russia.
| | - Victor Odinokov
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russia.
| | - Vladimir D'yakonov
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russia.
| | - Usein Dzhemilev
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 141 Prospekt Oktyabrya, Ufa 450075, Russia.
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Sharipova RR, Garifullin BF, Andreeva OV, Strobykina IY, Bazanova OB, Kataev VE. Macrocyclic derivatives of steviolbioside, a glycoside isolated from Stevia Rebaudiana. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428015030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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