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Arbatsky NP, Kasimova AA, Shashkov AS, Shneider MM, Popova AV, Perepelov AV, Hall RM, Kenyon JJ, Knirel YA. Revised structure of the polysaccharide from Acinetobacter baumannii LUH5551 assigned as the K63 type capsular polysaccharide. Carbohydr Res 2024; 535:109020. [PMID: 38150754 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.109020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
K63 capsular polysaccharide produced by Acinetobacter baumannii isolate LUH5551 (previously designated isolate O24) was re-examined using sugar analysis, Smith degradation, and one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Though previously reported as O24 consisting of linear tetrasaccharide units that include a 7-acetamido-5-acylamino form of 8-epilegionaminic acid [8eLeg5R7Ac, acylated at C5 with (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl or acetyl (1:1)], the elucidated structure of the K63 type capsule was found to include a derivative of 5,7-diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-d-glycero-d-galacto-non-2-ulosonic (legionaminic) acid, Leg5Ac7R, where R is either (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl or an acetyl group (∼1:1 ratio). This finding is consistent with the presence of the lgaABCHIFG gene module for Leg5Ac7R biosynthesis in the KL63 gene cluster at the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) biosynthesis K locus in the LUH5551 genome. The glycosyltransferases (Gtrs) and Wzy polymerase encoded by KL63 were assigned to linkages in the linear K63 tetrasaccharide unit and linkage of the K63 units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay P Arbatsky
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya A Kasimova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- M. M. Shemyakin and Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya V Popova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia; State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Andrey V Perepelov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ruth M Hall
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Johanna J Kenyon
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Health Group, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Knirel YA, Kasimova AA, Arbatsky NP, Shneider MM, Popova AV, Brovko FA, Shashkov AS, Senchenkova SN, Perepelov AV, Shpirt AM. 5,7-Diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxynon-2-ulosonic Acids in the Capsular Polysaccharides of Acinetobacter baumannii. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:202-210. [PMID: 37072328 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923020049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The polysaccharide capsule surrounding bacterial cell plays an important role in pathogenesis of infections caused by the opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii by providing protection from external factors. The structures of the capsular polysaccharide (CPS) produced by A. baumannii isolates and the corresponding CPS biosynthesis gene clusters are highly diverse, although many of them are related. Many types of A. baumannii CPSs contain isomers of 5,7-diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxynon-2-ulosonic acid (DTNA). Three of these isomers, namely acinetaminic acid (l-glycero-l-altro isomer), 8-epiacinetaminic acid (d-glycero-l-altro isomer), and 8-epipseudaminic acid (d-glycero-l-manno isomer), have not been found so far in naturally occurring carbohydrates from other species. In A. baumannii CPSs, DTNAs carry N-acyl substituents at positions 5 and 7; in some CPSs, both N-acetyl and N-(3-hydroxybutanoyl) groups are present. Remarkably, pseudaminic acid carries the (R)-isomer and legionaminic acid carries the (S)-isomer of the 3-hydroxybutanoyl group. The review addresses the structure and genetics of biosynthesis of A. baumannii CPSs containing di-N-acyl derivatives of DTNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy A Knirel
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117913, Russia.
| | - Anastasia A Kasimova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117913, Russia.
| | - Nikolay P Arbatsky
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117913, Russia.
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - Anastasia V Popova
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, 142279, Russia.
| | - Fedor A Brovko
- Branch of the Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry in Pushchino, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Aleksander S Shashkov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117913, Russia.
| | - Sofia N Senchenkova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117913, Russia.
| | - Andrei V Perepelov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117913, Russia.
| | - Anna M Shpirt
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117913, Russia.
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Kasimova AA, Dudnik AG, Shashkov AS, Shneider MM, Christofferson A, Shelenkov AA, Mikhailova YV, Kenyon JJ, Knirel YA. The K218 capsular polysaccharide produced by Acinetobacter baumannii isolate 52-249 includes 5,7-di-N-acetylpseudaminic acid linked by a KpsS3 glycosyltransferase. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 218:310-316. [PMID: 35872309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two acylated forms of the higher sugar, 5,7-diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-l-glycero-l-manno-non-2-ulosonic acid called pseudaminic acid, Pse5Ac7Ac and Pse5Ac7RHb where R indicates (R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl, have been found to occur in many capsular polysaccharide (CPS) types produced by isolates of an important human pathogen, Acinetobacter baumannii. The presence of either a psaABCEDF or psaABCGHF gene module at the K locus (KL) for CPS biosynthesis determines the type of the variant produced. Here, an A. baumannii clinical isolate 52-249, recovered in 2015 in Moscow, Russia, was found to include a novel psaABCIJF gene module in the KL218 sequence at the K locus. The CPS from 52-249 was extracted and studied by sugar analysis and partial acid hydrolysis along with one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. A branched tetrasaccharide repeating unit was identified, which included a →3)-α-d-Galp-(1→6)-α-d-GlcpNAc-(1→3)-β-d-GalpNAc-(1→ main chain and Pse5Ac7Ac attached as a side branch, indicating that the psaABCIJF gene module is associated with synthesis of this variant. The K218 CPS was found to be structurally related to the K46 CPS of A. baumannii, and a comparison of the two structures enabled the assignment of glycosyltransferases. A KpsS3 protein for the α-(2→6) linkage of the Pse5Ac7Ac residue to D-Galp in K218 was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya A Kasimova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandra G Dudnik
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- M. M. Shemyakin & Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alex Christofferson
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Johanna J Kenyon
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Arbatsky NP, Shashkov AS, Shneider MM, Popova AV, Kasimova AA, Miroshnikov KA, Knirel YA, Hall RM, Kenyon JJ. The K89 capsular polysaccharide produced by Acinetobacter baumannii LUH5552 consists of a pentameric repeat-unit that includes a 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-d-galactose residue. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:515-521. [PMID: 35843396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii isolate LUH5552 carries the KL89 capsule biosynthesis gene cluster. Capsular polysaccharide (CPS) isolated from LUH5552 was analyzed by sugar analysis, Smith degradation, and one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The K89 CPS structure has not been seen before in A. baumannii CPS structures resolved to date and includes a 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-d-galactose (d-Fucp3NAc) residue which is rare amongst A. baumannii CPS. The K89 CPS has a →3)-α-d-GalpNAc-(1→3)-β-d-GlcpNAc-(1→ main chain with a β-d-Glcp-(1→2)-β-d-Fucp3NAc-(1→6)-d-Glcp side branch that is α-(1→4) linked to d-GalpNAc. The roles of the Wzy polymerase and the four glycosyltransferases encoded by the KL89 gene cluster in the biosynthesis of the K89 CPS were assigned. Two glycosyltransferases, Gtr121 and Gtr122, link the d-Fucp3NAc to its neighboring sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay P Arbatsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- M. M. Shemyakin & Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya V Popova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia; State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Anastasiya A Kasimova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin A Miroshnikov
- M. M. Shemyakin & Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ruth M Hall
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Johanna J Kenyon
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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Structure of the K87 capsular polysaccharide and KL87 gene cluster of Acinetobacter baumannii LUH5547 reveals a heptasaccharide repeating unit. Carbohydr Res 2021; 509:108439. [PMID: 34555685 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
K87 capsular polysaccharide (CPS) was isolated from Acinetobacter baumannii isolate LUH5547 that carries the KL87 capsule biosynthesis gene cluster at the chromosomal K locus. Studies by sugar analysis, selective chemical cleavages, and 1D and 2D 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy showed that the CPS has a branched heptasaccharide repeat (K unit) containing one residue each of d-glucose (d-Glсp), d-glucuronic acid (d-GlсpA), N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (d-GlсpNAc), 6-deoxy-l-talose (l-6dTalp), and three residues of l-rhamnose (l-Rhap). The following structure of the CPS was established: →3)-α-L-Rhap-(1→2)-α-L-Rhap-(1→3)-α-L-6dTalp-(1→3)-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1→2↑1β-D-GlcpA-(4←1)-α-D-Glcp(2←1)-α-L-Rhap The position of a minor O-acetyl group present in the CPS was not determined. Functions of enzymes coded by genes in the KL87 gene cluster were tentatively assigned and found to be consistent with the CPS structure.
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Senchenkova SN, Shashkov AS, Shneider MM, Popova AV, Balaji V, Biswas I, Knirel YA, Kenyon JJ. A novel ItrA4 d-galactosyl 1-phosphate transferase is predicted to initiate synthesis of an amino sugar-lacking K92 capsular polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii B8300. Res Microbiol 2021; 172:103815. [PMID: 33667610 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2021.103815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The K92 capsular polysaccharide (CPS) from Acinetobacter baumannii B8300 was studied by sugar analysis, Smith degradation, and one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The elucidated CPS includes a branched pentasaccharide repeat unit containing one d-Galp and four l-Rhap residues; an atypical composition given that all A. baumannii CPS structures determined to date contain at least one amino sugar. Accordingly, biosynthesis of A. baumannii CPS types are initiated by initiating transferases (Itrs) that transfer 1-phosphate of either a 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-hexose, a 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-d-hexose or a 2-acetamido-4-acylamino-2,4,6-trideoxy-d-hexose to an undecaprenyl phosphate (UndP) carrier. However, the KL92 capsule biosynthesis gene cluster in the B8300 genome sequence includes a gene for a novel Itr type, ItrA4, which is predicted to begin synthesis of the K92 CPS by transferring D-Galp 1-phosphate to the UndP lipid carrier. The itrA4 gene was found in a module transcribed in the opposite direction to the majority of the K locus. This module also includes an unknown open reading frame (orfKL92), a gtr166 glycosyltransferase gene, and a wzi gene predicted to be involved in the attachment of CPS to the cell surface. Investigation into the origins of orfKL92-gtr166-itrA4-wziKL92 revealed it might have originated from Acinetobacter junii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sof'ya N Senchenkova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- M.M. Shemyakin & Y.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya V Popova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia; State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Veeraraghavan Balaji
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Indranil Biswas
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Johanna J Kenyon
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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Cahill SM, Arbatsky NP, Shashkov AS, Shneider MM, Popova AV, Hall RM, Kenyon JJ, Knirel YA. Elucidation of the K32 Capsular Polysaccharide Structure and Characterization of the KL32 Gene Cluster of Acinetobacter baumannii LUH5549. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:241-247. [PMID: 32093600 DOI: 10.1134/s000629792002011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Capsular polysaccharide (CPS), isolated from Acinetobacter baumannii LUH5549 carrying the KL32 capsule biosynthesis gene cluster, was studied by sugar analysis, Smith degradation, and one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The K32 CPS was found to be composed of branched pentasaccharide repeats (K units) containing two residues of β-D-GalpNAc and one residue of β-D-GlcpA (β-D-glucuronic acid) in the main chain and one residue each of β-D-Glcp and α-D-GlcpNAc in the disaccharide side chain. Consistent with the established CPS structure, the KL32 gene cluster includes genes for a UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase (Ugd3) responsible for D-GlcA synthesis and four glycosyltransferases that were assigned to specific linkages. Genes encoding an acetyltransferase and an unknown protein product were not involved in CPS biosynthesis. Whilst the KL32 gene cluster has previously been found in the global clone 2 (GC2) lineage, LUH5549 belongs to the sequence type ST354, thus demonstrating horizontal gene transfer between these lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Cahill
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - N P Arbatsky
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A S Shashkov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - M M Shneider
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - A V Popova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia.,State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, 142279, Russia
| | - R M Hall
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - J J Kenyon
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Y A Knirel
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Arbatsky NP, Kenyon JJ, Kasimova AA, Shashkov AS, Shneider MM, Popova AV, Knirel YA, Hall RM. K units of the K8 and K54 capsular polysaccharides produced by Acinetobacter baumannii BAL 097 and RCH52 have the same structure but contain different di-N-acyl derivatives of legionaminic acid and are linked differently. Carbohydr Res 2019; 483:107745. [PMID: 31349142 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The K8 and K54 capsular polysaccharides were isolated from Acinetobacter baumannii BAL 097 and RCH52, respectively, and studied by sugar analysis, partial acid hydrolysis and selective solvolysis with CF3CO2H in the presence of 2-methyl-1-propanol, along with 1D and 2D 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The following structures of related branched tetrasaccharide repeats (K units) of the polysaccharides were established: where Leg indicates 5,7-diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-d-glycero-d-galacto-non-2-ulosonic (legionaminic) acid and R indicates (R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl or acetyl in the ratio ~2.5:1. The sequences of the KL8 and KL54 capsule gene clusters were closely related. The difference in the acyl group at O-7 on the sidechain legionaminic acid is due to differences in two genes in the legionaminic acid biosynthesis cluster. The wzy genes encoding the K unit polymerases are also different and make different linkages between the K units, allowing the first sugar of both K units to be identified as d-GlcpNAc. The shared Gtr20 glycosyltransferase, also encoded in KL63, forms the α-l-FucpNAc-(1 → 3)-d-GlcpNAc linkage, and Gtr19 was predicted to form α-d-GalpNAc-(1 → 3)-l-FucpNAc. Gtr18 from KL8 is 75% identical to Gtr108 from KL54 and both would link the Leg derivative to d-GalpNAc. Hence the genes present at the K locus were consistent with the composition and structures of the K8 and K54 capsular polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay P Arbatsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Johanna J Kenyon
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Anastasiya A Kasimova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Higher Chemical College of the Russian Academy of Sciences, D. I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- M. M. Shemyakin & Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya V Popova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia; State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ruth M Hall
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Kenyon JJ, Arbatsky NP, Shneider MM, Popova AV, Dmitrenok AS, Kasimova AA, Shashkov AS, Hall RM, Knirel YA. The K46 and K5 capsular polysaccharides produced by Acinetobacter baumannii NIPH 329 and SDF have related structures and the side-chain non-ulosonic acids are 4-O-acetylated by phage-encoded O-acetyltransferases. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218461. [PMID: 31220143 PMCID: PMC6586298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii isolate NIPH 329 carries a novel capsular polysaccharide (CPS) gene cluster, designated KL46, that is closely related to the KL5 locus in A. baumannii isolate SDF but includes genes for synthesis of 5,7-diacetamido-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxy-l-glycero-l-manno-non-2-ulosonic (di-N-acetylpseudaminic) acid (Pse5Ac7Ac) instead of the corresponding D-glycero-D-galacto isomer (di-N-acetyllegionaminic acid) (Leg5Ac7Ac). In agreement with the genetic content of KL46, chemical studies of the K46 CPS produced by NIPH 329 revealed a branched tetrasaccharide repeat (K unit) with an overall structure the same as K5 from SDF but with â-Pse5Ac7Ac replacing α-Leg5Ac7Ac. As for K5, the K46 unit begins with d-GalpNAc and includes α-d-GlcpNAc-(1→3)-d-GalpNAc and α-d-Galp-(1→6)-d-GlcpNAc linkages, formed by Gtr14 and Gtr15 glycosyltransferases, respectively. The Gtr94K46 glycosyltransferase, which is related to Gtr13K5, links Pse5Ac7Ac to d-Galp in the growing K unit via a â-(2→6) linkage. Nearly identical Wzy enzymes connect the K46 and K5 units via a α-D-GalpNAc-(1→3)-α-D-Galp linkage to form closely related CPSs. Both Pse5Ac7Ac in K46 and Leg5Ac7Ac in K5 are acetylated at O4 but no acetyltransferase gene is present in KL46 or KL5. Related acetyltransferases were found encoded in the NIPH 329 and SDF genomes, but not in other strains carrying an unacetylated Pse or Leg derivative in the CPS. The genes encoding the acetyltransferases were in different putative phage genomes. However, related acetyltransferases were rare among the >3000 publically available genome sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna J. Kenyon
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Nikolay P. Arbatsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail M. Shneider
- M. M. Shemyakin & Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya V. Popova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Andrei S. Dmitrenok
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya A. Kasimova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Higher Chemical College of the Russian Academy of Sciences, D. I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ruth M. Hall
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuriy A. Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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The K90 capsular polysaccharide produced by Acinetobacter baumannii LUH5553 contains di-N-acetylpseudaminic acid and is structurally related to the K7 polysaccharide from A. baumannii LUH5533. Carbohydr Res 2019; 479:1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kasimova AA, Kenyon JJ, Arbatsky NP, Shashkov AS, Popova AV, Shneider MM, Knirel YA, Hall RM. Acinetobacter baumannii K20 and K21 capsular polysaccharide structures establish roles for UDP-glucose dehydrogenase Ugd2, pyruvyl transferase Ptr2 and two glycosyltransferases. Glycobiology 2018; 28:876-884. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya A Kasimova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninskii prosp., Moscow, Russia
- Higher Chemical College of the Russian Academy of Sciences, D. I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya pl., Moscow, Russia
| | - Johanna J Kenyon
- School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Sydney, Cnr of Maze Cres and Butlin Ave, Darlington Campus, Sydney, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nikolay P Arbatsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninskii prosp., Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninskii prosp., Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya V Popova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskii per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- M. M. Shemyakin & Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya ul., Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninskii prosp., Moscow, Russia
| | - Ruth M Hall
- School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Sydney, Cnr of Maze Cres and Butlin Ave, Darlington Campus, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Cnr of Maze Cres and Butlin Ave, Darlington Campus, Sydney, Australia
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12
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Santra A, Xiao A, Yu H, Li W, Li Y, Ngo L, McArthur JB, Chen X. A Diazido Mannose Analogue as a Chemoenzymatic Synthon for Synthesizing Di-N
-acetyllegionaminic Acid-Containing Glycosides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Santra
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - An Xiao
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Wanqing Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Linh Ngo
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - John B. McArthur
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Davis; One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 USA
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13
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Santra A, Xiao A, Yu H, Li W, Li Y, Ngo L, McArthur JB, Chen X. A Diazido Mannose Analogue as a Chemoenzymatic Synthon for Synthesizing Di-N-acetyllegionaminic Acid-Containing Glycosides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2929-2933. [PMID: 29349857 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A chemoenzymatic synthon was designed to expand the scope of the chemoenzymatic synthesis of carbohydrates. The synthon was enzymatically converted into carbohydrate analogues, which were readily derivatized chemically to produce the desired targets. The strategy is demonstrated for the synthesis of glycosides containing 7,9-di-N-acetyllegionaminic acid (Leg5,7Ac2 ), a bacterial nonulosonic acid (NulO) analogue of sialic acid. A versatile library of α2-3/6-linked Leg5,7Ac2 -glycosides was built by using chemically synthesized 2,4-diazido-2,4,6-trideoxymannose as a chemoenzymatic synthon for highly efficient one-pot multienzyme (OPME) sialylation followed by downstream chemical conversion of the azido groups into acetamido groups. The syntheses required 10 steps from commercially available d-fucose and had an overall yield of 34-52 %, thus representing a significant improvement over previous methods. Free Leg5,7Ac2 monosaccharide was also synthesized by a sialic acid aldolase-catalyzed reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Santra
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - An Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Wanqing Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Linh Ngo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - John B McArthur
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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14
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Kenyon JJ, Kasimova AA, Shneider MM, Shashkov AS, Arbatsky NP, Popova AV, Miroshnikov KA, Hall RM, Knirel YA. The KL24 gene cluster and a genomic island encoding a Wzy polymerase contribute genes needed for synthesis of the K24 capsular polysaccharide by the multiply antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate RCH51. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2017; 163:355-363. [PMID: 28356169 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The whole-genome sequence of the multiply antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate RCH51 belonging to sequence type ST103 (Institut Pasteur scheme) revealed that the set of genes at the capsule locus, KL24, includes four genes predicted to direct the synthesis of 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-d-galactose (d-Fuc3NAc), and this sugar was found in the capsular polysaccharide (CPS). One of these genes, fdtE, encodes a novel bifunctional protein with an N-terminal FdtA 3,4-ketoisomerase domain and a C-terminal acetyltransferase domain. KL24 lacks a gene encoding a Wzy polymerase to link the oligosaccharide K units to form the CPS found associated with isolate RCH51, and a wzy gene was found in a small genomic island (GI) near the cpn60 gene. This GI is in precisely the same location as another GI carrying wzy and atr genes recently found in several A. baumannii isolates, but it does not otherwise resemble it. The CPS isolated from RCH51, studied by sugar analysis and 1D and 2D 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, revealed that the K unit has a branched pentasaccharide structure made up of Gal, GalNAc and GlcNAc residues with d-Fuc3NAc as a side branch, and the K units are linked via a β-d-GlcpNAc-(1→3)-β-d-Galp linkage formed by the Wzy encoded by the GI. The functions of the glycosyltransferases encoded by KL24 were assigned to formation of specific bonds. A correspondence between the order of the genes in KL24 and other KL and the order of the linkages they form was noted, and this may be useful in future predictions of glycosyltransferase specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna J Kenyon
- School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Anastasiya A Kasimova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Higher Chemical College of the Russian Academy of Sciences, D. I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- M. M. Shemyakin and Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay P Arbatsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya V Popova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia.,State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Konstantin A Miroshnikov
- M. M. Shemyakin and Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ruth M Hall
- School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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15
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Abstract
Legionaminic acids are analogs of sialic acid that occur in cell surface glycoconjugates of several bacteria. Because legionaminic acids share the same stereochemistry as sialic acid but differ at C7 and C9, they are interesting analogs to probe the impact of varying exocyclic moieties (C7-C9) on biological activities such as susceptibilities to sialidases, interactions with Siglecs and immunogenicity. There are currently no reports on the bacterial enzymes that transfer legionaminic acids to these cell surface glycoconjugates, but some mammalian and bacterial sialyltransferases display donor promiscuity and can use CMP-Leg5,7Ac2 efficiently enough to transfer Leg5,7Ac2 to their natural acceptor glycans. When the natural activity with CMP-Leg5,7Ac2 is significant but relatively low, an alternate strategy has been to engineer versions with improved activity to transfer Leg5,7Ac2. Importantly, we have found that some bacterial sialyltransferases are very efficient for transferring Leg5,7Ac2 to small synthetic glycans with various aglycones. The two mammalian sialyltransferases that have been tested so far (porcine ST3Gal1 and human ST6Gal1) were found to be more efficient than the bacterial sialyltransferases for the modification of glycoproteins. We provide a review of the sialyltransferases selected to modify different types of glycoconjugates with Leg5,7Ac2, including small synthetic acceptors, glycolipids, and glycoproteins. In the first part, we also propose an optimized biosynthetic pathway for in vitro preparation of the donor CMP-Leg5,7Ac2, based on enzymes selected from two bacteria that naturally produce legionaminic acid.
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16
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Kenyon JJ, Shashkov AS, Senchenkova SN, Shneider MM, Liu B, Popova AV, Arbatsky NP, Miroshnikov KA, Wang L, Knirel YA, Hall RM. Acinetobacter baumannii K11 and K83 capsular polysaccharides have the same 6-deoxy-l-talose-containing pentasaccharide K units but different linkages between the K units. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 103:648-655. [PMID: 28528003 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii produces a variety of capsular polysaccharides (CPS) via genes located at the chromosomal K locus and some KL gene clusters include genes for the synthesis of specific sugars. The structures of K11 and K83 CPS produced by isolates LUH5545 and LUH5538, which carry related KL11a and KL83 gene clusters, respectively, were established by sugar analysis and one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Both CPS contain l-rhamnose (l-Rha) and 6-deoxy-l-talose (l-6dTal), and both KL gene clusters include genes for dTDP-l-Rhap synthesis and a tle (talose epimerase) gene encoding an epimerase that converts dTDP-l-Rhap to dTDP-l-6dTalp. The K11 and K83 repeat units are the same pentasaccharide, consisting of d-glucose, l-Rha, l-6dTal, and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, except that l-6dTal is 2-O-acetylated in K83. However, the K units are linked differently, with l-Rha in the main chain in K11, but as a side-branch in K83. KL11 and KL83 encode unrelated Wzy polymerases that link the K units together and different acetyltransferases, though only Atr8 from KL83 is active. The substrate specificity of each Wzy polymerase was assigned, and the functions of all glycosyltransferases were predicted. The CPS structures produced by three closely related K loci, KL29, KL105 and KL106, were also predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna J Kenyon
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sof'ya N Senchenkova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- M. M. Shemyakin & Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bin Liu
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Anastasiya V Popova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia; State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Nikolay P Arbatsky
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin A Miroshnikov
- M. M. Shemyakin & Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lei Wang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ruth M Hall
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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17
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Kenyon JJ, Speciale I, Hall RM, De Castro C. Structure of repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide from Acinetobacter baumannii D78 and assignment of the K4 gene cluster. Carbohydr Res 2016; 434:12-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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18
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Kenyon JJ, Shneider MM, Senchenkova SN, Shashkov AS, Siniagina MN, Malanin SY, Popova AV, Miroshnikov KA, Hall RM, Knirel YA. K19 capsular polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii is produced via a Wzy polymerase encoded in a small genomic island rather than the KL19 capsule gene cluster. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2016; 162:1479-1489. [PMID: 27230482 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polymerization of the oligosaccharides (K units) of complex capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) requires a Wzy polymerase, which is usually encoded in the gene cluster that directs K unit synthesis. Here, a gene cluster at the Acinetobacter K locus (KL) that lacks a wzy gene, KL19, was found in Acinetobacter baumannii ST111 isolates 28 and RBH2 recovered from hospitals in the Russian Federation and Australia, respectively. However, these isolates produced long-chain capsule, and a wzy gene was found in a 6.1 kb genomic island (GI) located adjacent to the cpn60 gene. The GI also includes an acetyltransferase gene, atr25, which is interrupted by an insertion sequence (IS) in RBH2. The capsule structure from both strains was →3)-α-d-GalpNAc-(1→4)-α-d-GalpNAcA-(1→3)-β-d-QuipNAc4NAc-(1→, determined using NMR spectroscopy. Biosynthesis of the K unit was inferred to be initiated with QuiNAc4NAc, and hence the Wzy forms the β-(1→3) linkage between QuipNAc4NAc and GalpNAc. The GalpNAc residue is 6-O-acetylated in isolate 28 only, showing that atr25 is responsible for this acetylation. The same GI with or without an IS in atr25 was found in draft genomes of other KL19 isolates, as well as ones carrying a closely related CPS gene cluster, KL39, which differs from KL19 only in a gene for an acyltransferase in the QuiNAc4NR synthesis pathway. Isolates carrying a KL1 variant with the wzy and atr genes each interrupted by an ISAba125 also have this GI. To our knowledge, this study is the first report of genes involved in capsule biosynthesis normally found at the KL located elsewhere in A. baumannii genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna J Kenyon
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- M. M. Shemyakin & Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sofya N Senchenkova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maria N Siniagina
- Interdisciplinary Center for Proteomics Research, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Y Malanin
- Interdisciplinary Center for Proteomics Research, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiya V Popova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russian Federation.,State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin A Miroshnikov
- M. M. Shemyakin & Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ruth M Hall
- School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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