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Ho TH, Do TH, Tong HD, Meijer EJ, Trinh TT. The Role of Chloride ion in the Silicate Condensation Reaction from ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:7748-7757. [PMID: 37647302 PMCID: PMC10510376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The comprehension of silicate oligomer formation during the initial stage of zeolite synthesis is of significant importance. In this study, we investigated the effect of chloride ions (Cl-) on silicate oligomerization using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations with explicit water molecules. The results show that the presence of Cl- increases the free energy barriers of all reactions compared to the case without the anion. The formation of the 4-ring structure has the lowest free energy barrier (73 kJ/mol), while the formation of the 3-ring structure has the highest barrier (98 kJ/mol) in the presence of Cl-. These findings suggest that Cl- suppresses the formation of 3-rings and favors the formation of larger oligomers in the process of zeolite synthesis. Our study provides important insights into the directing role of Cl- in silicate oligomerization by regulating thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. An important point to consider is the impact of the anion on aqueous reactions, particularly in altering the hydrogen bond network around reactive species. These results also provide a basis for further studies of the formations of larger silicate oligomers in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi H. Ho
- Laboratory
for Computational Physics Institute for Computational Science and
Artificial Intelligence, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Faculty
of Mechanical - Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tuong Ha Do
- Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho, Tan Phong ward
District 7, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Hien Duy Tong
- Faculty
of Engineering, Vietnamese-German University
(VGU), Thu Dau
Mot City, Binh Duong Province 75000, Vietnam
| | - Evert Jan Meijer
- Van
’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1012 WX, The Netherlands
| | - Thuat T. Trinh
- Porelab,
Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University
of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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2
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Do TH, Tong HD, Tran KQ, Meijer EJ, Trinh TT. Insight into the role of excess hydroxide ions in silicate condensation reactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:12723-12733. [PMID: 37114395 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00475a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The formation of silicate oligomers in the early stages is key to zeolite synthesis. The pH and the presence of hydroxide ions are important in regulating the reaction rate and the dominant species in solutions. This paper describes the formation of silicate species, from dimers to 4-membered rings, using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations in explicit water molecules with an excess hydroxide ion. The thermodynamic integration method was used to calculate the free energy profile of the condensation reactions. The hydroxide group's role is not only to control the pH of the environment, but also to actively participate in the condensation reaction. The results show that the most favorable reactions are linear-tetramer and 4-membered-ring formation, with overall barriers of 71 kJ mol-1 and 73 kJ mol-1, respectively. The formation of trimeric silicate, with the largest free-energy barrier of 102 kJ mol-1, is the rate-limiting step under these conditions. The excess hydroxide ion aids in the stabilization of the 4-membered-ring structure over the 3-membered-ring structure. Due to a relatively high free-energy barrier, the 4-membered ring is the most difficult of the small silicate structures to dissolve in the backward reaction. This study is consistent with the experimental observation that silicate growth in zeolite synthesis is slower in a very-high-pH environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuong Ha Do
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho, Tan Phong ward, District 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Hien Duy Tong
- Faculty of Engineering, Vietnamese-German University (VGU), Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam
| | - Khanh-Quang Tran
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1B, NO- 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Evert Jan Meijer
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Thuat T Trinh
- Porelab, Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491-Trondheim, Norway.
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Łach M, Grela A, Pławecka K, Guigou MD, Mikuła J, Komar N, Bajda T, Korniejenko K. Surface Modification of Synthetic Zeolites with Ca and HDTMA Compounds with Determination of Their Phytoavailability and Comparison of CEC and AEC Parameters. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124083. [PMID: 35744143 PMCID: PMC9229494 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Zeolites obtained from fly ash are characterized by very good anion- and cation-exchange properties and a developed porous structure. This paper presents the results of surface modification studies of synthetic zeolites obtained from calcined coal shale (clay materials). Calcium compounds and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA) were used as modifying substances. The characteristics of the raw material and the zeolite obtained as a result of its synthesis are presented. The surface modification method is described. Furthermore, the results of sorption and desorption of NO3, PO4, and SO4 from raw and modified samples are presented. The results of anion- and cation-exchange capacities for other zeolite types were also compared. Modification of the materials with Ca ions and HDTMA surfactant only improved the sorption of sulfates. The 90% desorption of nitrates, phosphates, and sulphates from the zeolite material without modification indicates a good release capacity of these compounds and their potential use as fertilizer additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Łach
- Faculty of Material Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland; (M.Ł.); (K.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Grela
- Faculty of Environmental and Power Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 30-155 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Kinga Pławecka
- Faculty of Material Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland; (M.Ł.); (K.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Martin Duarte Guigou
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Tecnologías, Universidad Católica del Uruguay, B de Octubre 2738, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay;
| | - Janusz Mikuła
- Faculty of Material Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland; (M.Ł.); (K.P.); (J.M.)
| | - Norbert Komar
- Ekologia Przedsiębiorczość Innowacje Spółka z o.o., Kühna 17, 42-256 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Bajda
- Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Adama Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Kinga Korniejenko
- Faculty of Material Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland; (M.Ł.); (K.P.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-609-974-988
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Mai NL, Do HT, Hoang NH, Nguyen AH, Tran KQ, Meijer EJ, Trinh TT. Elucidating the Role of Tetraethylammonium in the Silicate Condensation Reaction from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:10210-10218. [PMID: 33119320 PMCID: PMC7735729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of the formation of silicate oligomers in the initial stage of zeolite synthesis is important. The use of organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) is known to be a key factor in the formation of different silicate species and the final zeolite structure. For example, tetraethylammonium ion (TEA+) is a commonly used organic template for zeolite synthesis. In this study, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulation is used to provide an understanding of the role of TEA+ in the formation of various silicate oligomers, ranging from dimer to 4-ring. Calculated free-energy profiles of the reaction pathways show that the formation of a 4-ring structure has the highest energy barrier (97 kJ/mol). The formation of smaller oligomers such as dimer, trimer, and 3-ring has lower activation barriers. The TEA+ ion plays an important role in regulating the predominant species in solution via its coordination with silicate structures during the condensation process. The kinetics and thermodynamics of the oligomerization reaction indicate a more favorable formation of the 3-ring over the 4-ring structure. The results from AIMD simulations are in line with the experimental observation that TEA+ favors the 3-ring and double 3-ring in solution. The results of this study imply that the role of OSDAs is not only important for the host-guest interaction but also crucial for controlling the reactivity of different silicate oligomers during the initial stage of zeolite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Lan Mai
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho Str., Tan Phong Ward, District 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ha T Do
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, 19 Nguyen Huu Tho Str., Tan Phong Ward, District 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hieu Hoang
- Department of Materials and Nanotechnology, SINTEF Industry, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anh H Nguyen
- Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Khanh-Quang Tran
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1B, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Evert Jan Meijer
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1012 WX, The Netherlands
| | - Thuat T Trinh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Grela A, Łach M, Mikuła J. An Efficacy Assessment of Phosphate Removal from Drainage Waters by Modified Reactive Material. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13051190. [PMID: 32155873 PMCID: PMC7085026 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphates may pose a threat to the aquatic ecosystem when there is a connection or a path between the soil and the aquatic ecosystem. Runoff and drainage ditches connect arable land with the waters of the receiver. Phosphates in the runoff and the ditches contribute to the negative phenomenon of surface water eutrophication. In order to prevent it, certain reactive materials are used which are capable of the selective removal of compounds by way of sorption or precipitation. Zeolites can be distinguished among the many reactive materials. Within the present analysis, the modification of a reactive material containing zeolites was carried out using calcium hydroxide solutions of different concentrations. A certain concentration of calcium hydroxide was created for use in further studies. In order to characterise the new material, an analysis was done of the chemical and mineral composition, as well as the porous texture and morphology. The efficacy of phosphate removal for its typical concentrations in drainage waters in Poland was confirmed by way of an experiment. Using a modified reactive material as an element of landscape structures may reduce the negative impact of phosphates on the quality of surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Grela
- Faculty of Environmental and Power Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-126283133
| | - Michał Łach
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (M.Ł.); (J.M.)
| | - Janusz Mikuła
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland; (M.Ł.); (J.M.)
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Trinh TT, Tran KQ, Zhang XQ, van Santen RA, Meijer EJ. The role of a structure directing agent tetramethylammonium template in the initial steps of silicate oligomerization in aqueous solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:21810-8. [PMID: 26134464 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02068a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of the formation of silicate oligomers in the initial stage of zeolite synthesis is of fundamental scientific and technological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuat T. Trinh
- Department of Chemistry
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology
- Trondheim
- Norway
| | - Khanh-Quang Tran
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology
- Trondheim
- Norway
| | - Xue-Qing Zhang
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- ST/SKA
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Rutger A. van Santen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
- ST/SKA
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5600 MB Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Evert Jan Meijer
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling
- University of Amsterdam
- Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
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Trinh TT, Rozanska X, Delbecq F, Sautet P. The initial step of silicate versus aluminosilicate formation in zeolite synthesis: a reaction mechanism in water with a tetrapropylammonium template. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:3369-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23370c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ponikvar-Svet M, Keating LR, Dodson BJ, Liebman JF. Interplay of thermochemistry and Structural Chemistry, the journal (volume 19, 2008) and the discipline. Struct Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-009-9474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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