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Deraet X, Turek J, Alonso M, Tielens F, Weckhuysen BM, Calatayud M, De Proft F. Understanding the Reactivity of Supported Late Transition Metals on a Bare Anatase (101) Surface: A Periodic Conceptual DFT Investigation. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200785. [PMID: 36401599 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rapidly growing interest for new heterogeneous catalytic systems providing high atomic efficiency along with high stability and reactivity triggered an impressive progress in the field of single-atom catalysis. Nevertheless, unravelling the factors governing the interaction strength between the support and the adsorbed metal atoms remains a major challenge. Based on periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations, this paper provides insight into the adsorption of single late transition metals on a defect-free anatase surface. The obtained adsorption energies fluctuate, with the exception of Pd, between -3.11 and -3.80 eV and are indicative of a strong interaction. Depending on the considered transition metal, we could attribute the strength of this interaction with the support to i) an electron transfer towards anatase (Ru, Rh, Ni), ii) s-d orbital hybridisation effects (Pt), or iii) a synergistic effect between both factors (Fe, Co, Os, Ir). The driving forces behind the adsorption were also found to be strongly related to Klechkowsky's rule for orbital filling. In contrast, the deviating behaviour of Pd is most likely associated with the lower dissociation enthalpy of the Pd-O bond. Additionally, the reactivity of these systems was evaluated using the Fermi weighted density of states approach. The resulting softness values can be clearly related to the electron configuration of the catalytic systems as well as with the net charge on the transition metal. Finally, these indices were used to construct a model that predicts the adsorption strength of CO on these anatase-supported d-metal atoms. The values obtained from this regression model show, within a 95 % probability interval, a correlation of 84 % with the explicitly calculated CO adsorption energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Deraet
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Elsene, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Turek
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Elsene, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mercedes Alonso
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Elsene, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frederik Tielens
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Elsene, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Calatayud
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, LCT, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Frank De Proft
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, Elsene, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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Deraet X, Turek J, Alonso M, Tielens F, Cottenier S, Ayers PW, Weckhuysen BM, De Proft F. Reactivity of Single Transition Metal Atoms on a Hydroxylated Amorphous Silica Surface: A Periodic Conceptual DFT Investigation. Chemistry 2021; 27:6050-6063. [PMID: 33368741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The drive to develop maximal atom-efficient catalysts coupled to the continuous striving for more sustainable reactions has led to an ever-increasing interest in single-atom catalysis. Based on a periodic conceptual density functional theory (cDFT) approach, fundamental insights into the reactivity and adsorption of single late transition metal atoms supported on a fully hydroxylated amorphous silica surface have been acquired. In particular, this investigation revealed that the influence of van der Waals dispersion forces is especially significant for a silver (98 %) or gold (78 %) atom, whereas the oxophilicity of the Group 8-10 transition metals plays a major role in the interaction strength of these atoms on the irreducible SiO2 support. The adsorption energies for the less-electronegative row 4 elements (Fe, Co, Ni) ranged from -1.40 to -1.92 eV, whereas for the heavier row 5 and 6 metals, with the exception of Pd, these values are between -2.20 and -2.92 eV. The deviating behavior of Pd can be attributed to a fully filled d-shell and, hence, the absence of the hybridization effects. Through a systematic analysis of cDFT descriptors determined by using three different theoretical schemes, the Fermi weighted density of states approach was identified as the most suitable for describing the reactivity of the studied systems. The main advantage of this scheme is the fact that it is not influenced by fictitious Coulomb interactions between successive, charged reciprocal cells. Moreover, the contribution of the energy levels to the reactivity is simultaneously scaled based on their position relative to the Fermi level. Finally, the obtained Fermi weighted density of states reactivity trends show a good agreement with the chemical characteristics of the investigated metal atoms as well as the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Deraet
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Elsene, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jan Turek
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Elsene, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mercedes Alonso
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Elsene, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frederik Tielens
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Elsene, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefaan Cottenier
- Department of Electrical Energy, Metals, Mechanical Constructions and Systems, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium.,Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Paul W Ayers
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank De Proft
- Department of General Chemistry (ALGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Elsene, Brussels, Belgium
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Jedidi A, Aziz SG, Cavallo L, Minot C. Toward better understanding of the support effect: Test cases for CO dissociation on Fen/TiO2(1 1 0), n = 4, 5. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Andreev AS, Kuznetsov VN, Chizhov YV. DFT model cluster studies of O2 adsorption on hydrogenated titania sub-nanoparticles. J Mol Model 2013; 19:5063-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-013-2000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Ponikvar-Svet M, Zeiger DN, Keating LR, Liebman JF. Interplay of thermochemistry and Structural Chemistry, the journal (volume 23, 2012, issues 4–6) and the discipline. Struct Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-013-0280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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