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Gallagher JF, Hehir N, Mocilac P, Violin C, O’Connor BF, Aubert E, Espinosa E, Guillot B, Jelsch C. Probing the Electronic Properties and Interaction Landscapes in a Series of N-(Chlorophenyl)pyridinecarboxamides. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2022; 22:3343-3358. [PMID: 35547941 PMCID: PMC9074230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A 3 × 3 isomer grid of nine N-(chlorophenyl)pyridinecarboxamides (NxxCl) is reported with physicochemical studies and single crystal structures (Nx = pyridinoyl moiety; xCl = aminochlorobenzene ring; x = para-/meta-/ortho-), as synthesized by the reaction of the substituted p-/m-/o-pyridinecarbonyl chlorides (Nx) with p-/m-/o-aminochlorobenzenes (xCl). Several of the nine NxxCl crystal structures display structural similarities with their halogenated NxxX and methylated NxxM relatives (x = p-/m-/o-substitutions; X = F, Br; M = methyl). Indeed, five of the nine NxxCl crystal structures are isomorphous with their NxxBr analogues as the NpmCl/Br, NpoCl/Br, NmoCl/NmoBr, NopCl/Br, and NooCl/Br pairs. In the NxxCl series, the favored hydrogen bonding mode is aggregation by N-H···Npyridine interactions, though amide···amide intermolecular interactions are noted in NpoCl and NmoCl. For the NoxCl triad, intramolecular N-H···Npyridine interactions influence molecular planarity, whereas NppCl·H2O (as a monohydrate) exhibits O-H···O, N-H···O1W, and O1W-H···N interactions as the primary hydrogen bonding. Analysis of chlorine-containing compounds on the CSD is noted for comparisons. The interaction environments are probed using Hirshfeld surface analysis and contact enrichment studies. The melting temperatures (T m) depend on both the lattice energy and molecular symmetry (Carnelley's rule), and the melting points can be well predicted from a linear regression of the two variables. The relationships of the T m values with the total energy, the electrostatic component, and the strongest hydrogen bond components have been analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F. Gallagher
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin D09 DXA0, Ireland
| | - Niall Hehir
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin D09 DXA0, Ireland
| | - Pavle Mocilac
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin D09 DXA0, Ireland
| | - Chloé Violin
- School
of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin D09 DXA0, Ireland
| | | | - Emmanuel Aubert
- CRM, CNRS UMR 7036, Faculté
des Sciences et Technologies, Université
de Lorraine, BP 70239, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Enrique Espinosa
- CRM, CNRS UMR 7036, Faculté
des Sciences et Technologies, Université
de Lorraine, BP 70239, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Benoît Guillot
- CRM, CNRS UMR 7036, Faculté
des Sciences et Technologies, Université
de Lorraine, BP 70239, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Christian Jelsch
- CRM, CNRS UMR 7036, Faculté
des Sciences et Technologies, Université
de Lorraine, BP 70239, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Mocilac P, Gallagher JF. Monohalogenated carbamates where hydrogen bonding rules without halogen bonding: is there a link between poor carbamate crystal growth and Z′ > 1? CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00318e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Monohalogenated carbamates (CxxX) aggregate by N–H⋯N interactions without halogen bonding and crystallise as poor quality crystalline fibres often with Z′ > 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavle Mocilac
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
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Ponikvar-Svet M, Zeiger DN, Liebman JF. Interplay of thermochemistry and Structural Chemistry, the journal (volume 28, 2017, issues 3–4) and the discipline. Struct Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-018-1137-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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