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Wang Y, Wang J, Zhu X, Wang W. Genome and transcriptome sequencing of Trichoderma harzianum T4, an important biocontrol fungus of Rhizoctonia solani, reveals genes related to mycoparasitism. Can J Microbiol 2024; 70:86-101. [PMID: 38314685 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2023-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Trichoderma harzianum is a well-known biological control strain and a mycoparasite of Rhizoctonia solani. To explore the mechanisms of mycoparasitism, the genome and transcriptome of T. harzianum T4 were both assembled and analyzed in this study. The genome of T. harzianum T4 was assembled into 106 scaffolds, sized 41.25 Mb, and annotated with a total of 8118 predicted genes. We analyzed the transcriptome of T. harzianum T4 against R. solani in a dual culture in three culture periods: before contact (BC), during contact (C), and after contact (AC). Transcriptome sequencing identified 1092, 1222, and 2046 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. These DEGs, which are involved in pathogen recognition and signal transduction, hydrolase, transporters, antibiosis, and defense-related functional genes, are significantly upregulated in the mycoparasitism process. The results of genome and transcriptome analysis indicated that the mycoparasitism process of T. harzianum T4 was very complex. T. harzianum successfully recognizes and invades host cells and kills plant pathogens by regulating various DEGs at different culture periods. The relative expression levels of the 26 upregulated DEGs were confirmed by RT-qPCR to validate the reliability of the transcriptome data. The results provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying T. harzianum T4's mycoparasitic processes, and they provide a potential molecular target for the biological control mechanism of T. harzianum T4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Chen Y, Tang L, Jiang Z, Wang S, Qi L, Tian X, Deng H, Kong Z, Gao W, Zhang X, Li S, Chen M, Zhang X, Duan H, Yang J, Peng YL, Wang D, Liu J. Dual-Specificity Inhibitor Targets Enzymes of the Trehalose Biosynthesis Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:209-218. [PMID: 38128269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the risk of resistance development, a novel fungicide with dual specificity is demanded. Trehalose is absent in animals, and its synthases, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP), are safe fungicide targets. Here, we report the discovery of a dual-specificity inhibitor of MoTps1 (Magnaporthe oryzae Tps1, TPS) and MoTps2 (M. oryzae Tps2, TPP). The inhibitor, named A1-4, was obtained from a virtual screening and subsequent surface plasmon resonance screening. In in vitro assays, A1-4 interacts with MoTps1 and MoTps2-TPP (MoTps2 TPP domain) and inhibits their enzyme activities. In biological activity assays, A1-4 not only inhibits the virulence of M. oryzae on host but also causes aggregation of conidia cytosol, which is a characteristic phenotype of MoTps2. Furthermore, hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry assays support the notion that A1-4 binds to the substrate pockets of TPS and TPP. Collectively, A1-4 is a promising hit compound for the development of safe fungicide with dual-target specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Chen
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liu Tang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiyang Jiang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linlu Qi
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhiwei Kong
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenqiang Gao
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Saijie Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meiqing Chen
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - You-Liang Peng
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongli Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Li Y, Xu Y, Wu S, Wang B, Li Y, Liu Y, Wang J. Validamycin Inhibits the Synthesis and Metabolism of Trehalose and Chitin in the Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). INSECTS 2023; 14:671. [PMID: 37623381 PMCID: PMC10455558 DOI: 10.3390/insects14080671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), is a notorious invasive pest that has raised concerns worldwide. Validamycin has been demonstrated to be a very strong inhibitor against trehalase in a variety of organisms. However, whether validamycin can inhibit trehalase activity to suppress trehalose hydrolysis and affect any other relevant physiological pathways in B. dorsalis remains unknown. In this study, the effects of validamycin injection on the synthesis and metabolism of trehalose and chitin were evaluated. The results show that validamycin injection significantly affected trehalase activity and caused trehalose accumulation. In addition, the downstream pathways of trehalose hydrolysis, including the synthesis and metabolism of chitin, were also remarkably affected as the expressions of the key genes in these pathways were significantly regulated and the chitin contents were changed accordingly. Intriguingly, the upstream trehalose synthesis was also affected by validamycin injection due to the variations in the expression levels of key genes, especially BdTPPC1. Moreover, BdTPPC1 was predicted to have a binding affinity to validamycin, and the subsequent in vitro recombinant enzyme activity assay verified the inhibitory effect of validamycin on BdTPPC1 activity for the first time. These findings collectively indicate that validamycin can be considered as a promising potential insecticide for the management of B. dorsalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yonghong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shunjiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Baohe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yaying Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yinghong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.L.); (Y.X.); (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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In Silico Inhibitability of Copper Carbenes and Silylenes against Rhizoctonia solani and Magnaporthe oryzae. J CHEM-NY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/5555521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper lighter tetrylenes are promising for inhibition towards Rhizoctonia solani-based protein PDB-4G9M and Magnaporthe oryzae-based PDB-6JBR in rice. Quantum properties of four hypothetic copper complexes of carbenes and silylenes (Cu-NHC1, Cu-NHC2, Cu-NHSi1, and Cu-NHSi2) were examined using the density functional theory. Their inhibitability towards the targeted proteins was evaluated using molecular docking simulation. Quantum analysis predicts the stability of the investigated complexes and thus their practical existability and practicable synthesisability. Their electronic configurations are justified as highly conducive to intermolecular interaction. Regarding ligand-protein as carbenes/silylenes-4G9M inhibitory structures, the stability is estimated in the order [Cu-NHC2]-4G9M (DS −12.9 kcal⋅mol−1) > [Cu-NHSi1]-4G9M (DS −11.8 kcal⋅mol−1) = [Cu-NHSi2]-4G9M (DS −11.7 kcal⋅mol−1) > [Cu-NHC1]-4G9M (DS –11.4 kcal⋅mol−1). In contrast, the corresponding order for the carbenes/silylenes-6JBR systems is [Cu-NHSi2]-6JBR (DS –13.4 kcal⋅mol−1) > [Cu-NHC2]-6JBR (DS −13.0 kcal⋅mol−1) = [Cu-NHSi1]-6JBR (DS −12.6 kcal⋅mol−1) > [Cu-NHC1]-6JBR (DS −12.3 kcal⋅mol−1). In theory, this study suggests a potentiality of copper lighter tetrylenes and their derivatives against the infection of fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Magnaporthe oryzae, thus encouraging attempts for experimental developments.
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