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Kasprzak A. Supramolecular Chemistry of Sumanene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318437. [PMID: 38231540 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Sumanene is a buckybowl molecule that is continuously attracting the attention of the scientific community because of its unique geometrical and physicochemical properties. This Minireview systematically summarizes advances and considerations regarding the applied supramolecular chemistry of sumanene. This work highlights the major fields in which potential or real applications of sumanene molecule have been reported to date, such as the design of sumanene-containing functional supramolecular materials and architectures, sumanene-based drug-delivery systems, or sumanene-tethered ion-selective molecular receptors. An assessment of the current status in the applied supramolecular chemistry of sumanene is provided, together with an emphasis on the key advances being made. Discussion on those milestones that are still to be achieved within this emerging field is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Kasprzak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Str. 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
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Wang YY, Ding XL, Chen Y, Wang MM, Li W, Wang X. Trimetallic clusters in the sumanene bowl for dinitrogen activation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:23265-23278. [PMID: 36156001 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is of great importance to find catalysts for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) with high stability and reactivity. A series of M3 clusters (M = Ti, Zr, V, and Nb) supported on sumanene (C21H12) were designed as potential catalysts for the NRR by taking advantage of the high reactivity of trimetallic clusters and the unique geometric and electronic properties of sumanene, a bowl-like organic molecule. Detailed mechanisms of NN bond cleavage on C21H12-M3 were investigated by DFT calculations and compared with those on bare M3 clusters. M3 in the sumanene bowl is very stable with large binding energies, which prohibits the cohesion of M3 into M6. In the bowl, M3 has a (quasi-) equilateral triangle structure with lengthened M-M bonds, which is particularly beneficial to the N2 transfer process on Ti3 and V3 clusters. The N-N bond can be dissociated by both M3 and C21H12-M3 clusters without the overall energy barriers. A blurring effect is found in which some geometric and electronic properties of different metal types become similar when M3 is supported on the substrate. Our work demonstrates that sumanene is a suitable substrate to support M3 in the activation of N2 with enhanced stability and maintained a high level of reactivity compared to bare M3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ya Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China.,School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Xun-Lei Ding
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Physics and Energy Technology, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China.,School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China.,School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Physics and Energy Technology, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China. .,Institute of Clusters and Low Dimensional Nanomaterials, North China Electric Power University, Beinong Road 2, Changping, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Physics and Energy Technology, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071000, China
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