1
|
Islas-Ortega AG, Aldama-Prieto Y, Sereno-Uribe AL, García-Varela M. An advance in the understanding the systematics of Echinochasmus Dietz, 1909 and Stephanoprora Odhner, 1902 (Digenea: Echinochasmidae), with the description of a new species of Echinochasmus from the Neotropical region of Mexico. Parasitol Int 2024; 103:102948. [PMID: 39163930 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2024.102948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Echinochasmids are a group of globally distributed digeneans, and the adults are found in the intestines of birds, mammals and reptiles. In the Neotropical region of Mexico, adult specimens were obtained from seven fish-eating bird species in six localities, whereas specimens of Stephanoprora aylacostoma were obtained experimentally in Argentina. Morphologically, the new specimens from the Neotropical region of Mexico were identified as Stephanoprora uruguayense and an undescribed species of Echinochasmus. Sequences for two nuclear (large subunit (28S) and internal transcribed spacer from DNA ribosomal (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2)) molecular markers were generated and analysed together with other sequences downloaded from GenBank. The phylogenies obtained with each molecular marker indicated that Echinochasmus is paraphyletic and agreed with previous phylogenetic studies. The first cluster included the type species (E. coaxatus, which has 24 head-collar spines) plus three congeneric species. The second cluster contained species of Echinochasmus plus Stephanoprora, including the species analysed herein, S. uruguayense, S. aylacostoma (with 22 head-collar spines) and Echinochasmus sp. (with 20 head-collar spines), which formed three independent subclades, allowing us to recognize a lineage that was described morphologically as a new species. Echinochasmus ostrowskiae n. sp. can be distinguished from its congeners by having a head collar with 20 spines in a single row, seven spines on each edge and three angle spines, and a pharynx with an irregular edge and by the body, egg and collar spine sizes. Additionally, new host and locality records for S. uruguayense are presented, expanding its geographical distribution range in the Americas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alma Gabriela Islas-Ortega
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yeraldin Aldama-Prieto
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Lucia Sereno-Uribe
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martín García-Varela
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Díaz Pernett SC, Brant SV, Locke SA. First integrative study of the diversity and specificity of metacercariae of Posthodiplostomum Dubois, 1936 from native and introduced fishes in the Caribbean. Parasitology 2022; 149:1894-1909. [PMID: 36000173 PMCID: PMC11010570 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022001214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Metacercariae of the genus Posthodiplostomum are often recorded in freshwater fish hosts. While the diversity and taxonomy of this genus are receiving increasing attention in molecular phylogenetic studies, available data remain geographically biased. Most molecular studies of Posthodiplostomum and morphologically similar (neascus) worms originate in North America and Europe and Asia (more than 60% of DNA sequences are from USA and Canada), with few data currently available from the Neotropics, where high host diversity suggests high and under-sampled parasite diversity. In this study, we report molecular and morphological data from metacercariae of Posthodiplostomum in fish in Puerto Rico, where only a single species has been previously reported. Partial sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 from metacercariae from Dajaus monticola (native to Puerto Rico) and the introduced fishes Poecilia reticulata, Parachromis managuensis, Lepomis macrochirus and Micropterus salmoides revealed 7 genetically distinct species-level lineages, of which 4 were novel. We report novel molecular life-cycle linkages in Posthodiplostomum macrocotyle (metacercariae in muscle of the cichlid Pa. managuensis), a species previously known only from adults in birds from South America; and in Posthodiplostomum sp. 23 (metacercariae in poeciliids), which has recently been found in Ardea herodias in Georgia, USA. We also report the first molecular data from Posthodiplostomum sp. 8 in M. salmoides in the Caribbean. Metacercariae of most species were morphologically distinguished and all displayed narrow specificity for fish hosts, with no indication of parasite sharing among introduced and native fishes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra C. Díaz Pernett
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Call Box 9000, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico 00681, USA
| | - Sara V. Brant
- Museum of Southwestern Biology Division of Parasites MSC03 2020, Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Sean A. Locke
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Call Box 9000, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico 00681, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vermaak A, Smit NJ, Kudlai O. Molecular and morphological characterisation of the metacercariae of two species of Cardiocephaloides (Digenea: Strigeidae) infecting endemic South African klipfish (Perciformes: Clinidae). Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2021; 68. [PMID: 33847601 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
South African clinids are a major component of the temperate intertidal regions that are also known to participate in life cycles and transmission of several groups of parasites. However, the knowledge of trematode diversity of these fishes is incomplete. In this study, two species of Clinus Cuvier, the super klipfish Clinus superciliosus (Linnaeus) and the bluntnose klipfish Clinus cottoides Valenciennes, were collected from six localities along the South African coast and examined for the presence of trematodes. Metacercariae of Cardiocephaloides Sudarikov, 1959 were found in the eye vitreous humour and brain of C. superciliosus and in the eye vitreous humour of C. cottoides. Detailed analyses integrating morphological and molecular sequence data (28S rDNA, ITS2 rDNA-region, and COI mtDNA) revealed that these belong to two species, Cardiocephaloides physalis (Lutz, 1926) and an unknown species of Cardiocephaloides. This study provides the first report of clinid fishes serving as intermediate hosts for trematodes, reveals that the diversity of Cardiocephaloides in South Africa is higher than previously recorded, and highlights the need for further research to elucidate the life cycles of these trematode species. The broad geographical distribution of Cardiocephaloides spp. was confirmed in the present study based on molecular sequence data. The host-parasite interactions between clinid fishes and metacercariae of Cardiocephaloides are yet to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Vermaak
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Nico J Smit
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Olena Kudlai
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.,Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Santos CP, Borges JN. Current Knowledge of Small Flukes (Digenea: Heterophyidae) from South America. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2020; 58:373-386. [PMID: 32871631 PMCID: PMC7462800 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Fish-borne heterophyid trematodes are known to have a zoonotic potential, since at least 30 species are able to infect humans worldwide, with a global infection of around 7 million people. In this paper, a ‘state-of-the-art’ review of the South American heterophyid species is provided, including classical and molecular taxonomy, parasite ecology, host-parasite interaction studies and a list of species and their hosts. There is still a lack of information on human infections in South America with undetected or unreported infections probably due to the information shortage and little attention by physicians to these small intestinal flukes. Molecular tools for specific diagnoses of South American heterophyid species are still to be defined. Additional new sequences of Pygidiopsis macrostomum, Ascocotyle pindoramensis and Ascocotyle longa from Brazil are also provided.
Collapse
|
5
|
de Paula AA, Ott PH, Tavares M, Santos RA, Silva-Souza ÂT. Host–parasite relationship in Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) during their long northward journey to the Brazilian coast. Polar Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-020-02706-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Phylogenetic Relationships of Cardiocephaloides spp. (Digenea, Diplostomoidea) and the Genetic Characterization of Cardiocephaloides physalis from Magellanic Penguin, Spheniscus magellanicus, in Chile. Acta Parasitol 2020; 65:525-534. [PMID: 31919798 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-019-00162-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiocephaloides is a small genus of strigeid digeneans with an essentially cosmopolitan distribution. Most members of Cardiocephaloides are found in larid birds, however, Cardiocephaloides physalis is an exception and parasitizes penguins in some coastal regions of South America and South Africa. No prior molecular phylogenetic studies have included DNA sequence data of C. physalis. Herein, we provide molecular phylogenetic analyses of Cardiocephaloides using DNA sequences from five species of these strigeids. METHODS Adult Cardiocephaloides spp. were obtained from larid birds and penguins collected from 3 biogeographical realms (Palearctic, Nearctic and Neotropics). We have generated sequences of the complete ITS region and partial 28S gene of the nuclear ribosomal DNA, along with partial sequences of the mitochondrial CO1 gene for C. physalis, C. medioconiger and the type species of the genus, C. longicollis and used them for phylogenetic inference. RESULTS Cardiocephaloides spp. appeared as a 100% supported clade in the phylogenetic tree based on 28S sequences. The position of C. physalis varied between the phylogenetic trees based on the relatively conservative 28S gene on one hand, and variable ITS1 and COI sequences on the other. Cardiocephaloides physalis was nested within the clade of Cardiocephaloides spp. in the 28S tree and appeared as the sister group to the remaining members of the genus in the ITS1 region and COI trees. We detected 0.4-1.6% interspecific divergence in 28S, 1.9-6.9% in the ITS region and 8.7-11.8% in CO1 sequences of Cardiocephaloides spp. Our 28S sequence of C. physalis from South America and a shorter sequence from Africa available in the GenBank were identical. CONCLUSION Cardiocephaloides as represented in the currently available dataset is monophyletic with C. physalis parasitism in penguins likely resulting from a secondary host-switching event. Identical 28S sequences of C. physalis from South America and Africa cautiously confirm the broad distribution of this species, although comparison of faster mutating genes (e. g., CO1) is recommended for a better substantiated conclusion.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hernández-Orts JS, Georgieva S, Landete DN, Scholz T. Heterophyid trematodes (Digenea) from penguins: A new species of Ascocotyle Looss, 1899, first description of metacercaria of Ascocotyle ( A.) patagoniensis Hernández-Orts et al. (2012), and first molecular data. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2019; 8:94-105. [PMID: 30723670 PMCID: PMC6350101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Two species of heterophyid trematodes were found in the Magellanic penguin, Spheniscus magellanicus (Forster), from Patagonia, Argentina. Ascocotyle (Ascocotyle) patagoniensis Hernández-Orts et al. (2012) is re-described based on new, properly fixed specimens (original material from South American sea lion, Otaria flavescens Shaw, was from frozen hosts). Metacercariae of this species are reported and described for the first time from the heart of the silversides, Odontesthes argentinensis (Valenciennes) and O. smitti (Lahille), from Patagonia. Ascocotyle (Phagicola) cameliae n. sp. is described from the intestine of S. magellanicus. The new species is placed into the subgenus Phagicola Faust, 1920 because of the presence of a single row of circumoral spines and uterine loops and vitelline follicles being confined posterior to the ventral sucker. However, it differs distinctly from other members of this subgenus by the number (19-24) and length (23-31 μm) of massive circumoral spines and by the morphology of the ventrogenital sac with a large, simple gonotyl devoid of refractile bodies. Molecular data (partial 28S rDNA sequences) for both species are also provided. Matching sequences from metacercarial and adult stages helped elucidate partially the life-cycle of A. (A.) patagoniensis. The interspecific relationships and phylogenetic position of Ascocotyle were further assessed on a broad phylogeny on the Opisthorchioidea Looss, 1899. Ascocotyle (P.) ornamentata Shalaby et al. (1993) described from decomposed worms (all circumoral spines were detached) found in a dog in Egypt, with no type-specimens of this species deposited in a repository collection, is considered to be species inquirenda.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús S. Hernández-Orts
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada y Transferencia Tecnológica en Recursos Marinos Almirante Storni (CIMAS – CCT CONICET – CENPAT), Güemes 1030, 8520, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Simona Georgieva
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Parque Científico, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dennis N. Landete
- Escuela Superior de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, San Martín 247, 8520, San Antonio Oeste, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Tomáš Scholz
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Šimková A, Řehulková E, Rasoloariniaina JR, Jorissen MWP, Scholz T, Faltýnková A, Mašová Š, Vanhove MPM. Transmission of parasites from introduced tilapias: a new threat to endemic Malagasy ichthyofauna. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
9
|
Vanstreels RET, Gardiner CH, Yabsley MJ, Swanepoel L, Kolesnikovas CKM, Silva-Filho RP, Ewbank AC, Catão-Dias JL. Schistosomes and Microfilarial Parasites in Magellanic Penguins. J Parasitol 2018; 104:322-328. [PMID: 29424659 DOI: 10.1645/17-154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Magellanic Penguin ( Spheniscus magellanicus) is native to Argentina, Chile, and the Falkland/Malvinas Islands, and is a regular winter migrant in Uruguayan and Brazilian coastal waters. The species is known to be susceptible to a variety of gastrointestinal nematodes, cestodes, trematodes, and acanthocephalans, as well as renal trematodes and pulmonary nematodes. Schistosomes (Platyhelminthes, Trematoda, Schistosomatidae) and microfilariae (Nematoda, Secernentea, Onchocercidae) were histologically identified in Magellanic Penguins ( Spheniscus magellanicus) that died while under care at rehabilitation centers in southern Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis of the COI gene, ITS-1 region, 5.8S rRNA gene, ITS-2 region, and 28S rRNA gene sequences of the schistosome revealed that it is closely related to, but distinct from, a schistosome reported from the African Penguin ( Spheniscus demersus). The schistosomes from Magellanic and African Penguins were grouped with Gigantobilharzia huronensis, Gigantobilharzia melanoidis, and Dendritobilharzia pulvurenta; however, the lack of a clearly monophyletic origin precludes determining their genus. The incidental discovery of novel parasites during a study that did not specifically aim to investigate the occurrence of helminths underscores the value of histopathological examination as an exploratory diagnostic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R E T Vanstreels
- 1 Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil
| | - C H Gardiner
- 2 Veterinary Pathology Service, Joint Pathology Center, 606 Stephens Sitter Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910
| | - M J Yabsley
- 3 Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, The University of Georgia, 180 E. Green Street, Athens, Georgia 30602.,4 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, 589 D. W. Brooks Drive, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - L Swanepoel
- 4 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, 589 D. W. Brooks Drive, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - C K M Kolesnikovas
- 5 Associação R3 Animal, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88061-500, Brazil
| | - R P Silva-Filho
- 6 Centro de Recuperação de Animais Marinhos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, 92200-580, Brazil
| | - A C Ewbank
- 1 Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil
| | - J L Catão-Dias
- 1 Laboratório de Patologia Comparada de Animais Selvagens, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Oyarzún-Ruiz P, Muñoz-Alvarado P, Raffo E. Helminths of Milvago chimango temucoensis (Aves: Falconiformes) from Los Ríos Region, Chile: New Records for Neotropical Raptors. Helminthologia 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/helmin-2016-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
The goal of the present survey was to improve the scarce knowledge regard the endoparasites of raptors in Chile and South America. Thus, necropsy was performed on 14 chimango caracara Milvago chimango temucoensis from Los Ríos Region, Chile. From all examined birds, 78.6% were positive to helminths. The species identified were Capillaria tenuissima, Pterothominx sp., Baruscapillaria falconis, Cosmocephalus obvelatus, Skrjabinoclava sp., Synhimantus (Dispharynx) nasuta, Synhimantus (D.) sp., Synhimantus (Synhimantus) sp., Paracuaria adunca, Procyrnea spinosa, Porrocaecum depressum, Contracaecum rudolphii sensu lato, Stephanoprora sp. and Polymorphus mutabilis. All species listed, with the exception of C. tenuissima, P. spinosa and P. depressum, are new records for the chimango caracara. Furthermore C. obvelatus, Skrjabinoclava sp., S. (D.) nasuta, S. (D.) sp., P. adunca, C. rudolphii s. l., Stephanoprora sp. and P. mutabilis all are new records for Neotropical raptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Oyarzún-Ruiz
- Instituto de Patología Animal, Laboratorio de Parasitología Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Independencia 641, Valdivia, Chile
- Programa de Magíster en Ciencias mención Salud Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Independencia 641, Valdivia
| | - P. Muñoz-Alvarado
- Instituto de Patología Animal, Laboratorio de Parasitología Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Independencia 641, Valdivia, Chile
| | - E. Raffo
- Oficina de Protección de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Pedro Aguirre Cerda 2004, Region de los Ríos
| |
Collapse
|