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Moravec F, Fazaa HA, Ali AH, Saud HA. Two new and one newly recorded gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda: Philometridae) parasitising marine fishes in Iraq. Syst Parasitol 2023:10.1007/s11230-023-10096-2. [PMID: 37208538 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-023-10096-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Specimens of two undescribed and one known gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda: Philometridae) were collected in some marine fishes from off the southern coast of Iraq. Based on light and scanning electron microscopy, the following new species are described: Philometra tayeni n. sp. (males and nongravid females) from ovaries of the purple-spotted bigeye Priacanthus tayenus Richardson (Priacanthidae, Acanthuriformes), and Philometra nibeae n. sp. (males and gravid female) from the ovary of the blotched croaker Nibea maculata (Bloch et Schneider) (Sciaenidae, Acanthuriformes). Philometra tayeni is mainly characterised by a pair of postanal papillae and a V-shaped caudal mound in males and by their body lengths (2.42-2.99 mm), whereas P. nibeae differs from its gonad-infecting congeners parasitising scienids mainly based on the body length of males (2.29-2.49 mm) and their spicules (96-117 µm), absence of a pair of postanal papillae and shape of caudal mound consisting of two parts. Philometra piscaria Moravec & Justine, 2014 (males and nongravid females), a parasite of the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton) (Epinephelidae, Perciformes), is recorded from the Arabian (= Persian) Gulf for the first time; previously unknown females of this species are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Moravec
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Hassan A Fazaa
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Muthana, Samawah, Iraq
| | - Atheer H Ali
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Hussein A Saud
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
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HODDA M. Phylum Nematoda: trends in species descriptions, the documentation of diversity, systematics, and the species concept. Zootaxa 2022; 5114:290-317. [DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5114.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This paper summarizes the trends in nematode species description and systematics emerging from a comparison of the latest comprehensive classification and census of Phylum Nematoda (Hodda 2022a, b) with earlier classifications (listed in Hodda 2007). It also offers some general observations on trends in nematode systematics emerging from the review of the voluminous literature used to produce the classification. The trends in nematodes can be compared with developments in the systematics of other organisms to shed light on many of the general issues confronting systematists now and into the future.
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Moravec F, Mizher JA, Ali AH. Records of two gonad-infecting species of Philometra (Nematoda: Philometridae) from marine fishes off Iraq, including the description of Philometra parabrevicollis n. sp. from the bigeye snapper Lutjanus lutjanus Bloch (Pisces, Lutjanidae). Syst Parasitol 2021; 98:443-453. [PMID: 34120299 PMCID: PMC8197607 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-021-09988-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent examinations of some marine fishes from off the southern coast of Iraq revealed the presence of two species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda: Philometridae): P. parabrevicollis n. sp. (males and subgravid and nongravid females) from the ovary of the bigeye snapper Lutjanus lutjanus Bloch (Perciformes, Lutjanidae) and Philometra sp. (subgravid females) from the ovary of the bartail flathead Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus) (Perciformes, Platycephalidae). Specimens of species are described and illustrated based on light and scanning electron microscopical examinations. Philometra parabrevicollis n. sp. is mainly characterised by the length of spicules (267-285 µm) and gubernaculum (159-168 µm), the gubernaculum/spicule length ratio (1:1.64-1.76), the structure of the gubernaculum distal tip and of the male caudal end, and the body length of males (4.03-4.90 mm). The description of this new species again confirms a high degree of host specificity of gonad-infecting species of Philometra in congeneric lutjanid hosts. Although Philometra sp. parasitising P. indicus in Iraqi waters was previously recorded, its subgravid females are described for the first time. A key to gonad-infecting species of Philometra parasitic in fishes of the family Lutjanidae is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Moravec
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Jawad A Mizher
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Atheer H Ali
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
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Ghanmi N, González-Solís D, Gargouri L. Philometra barbata n. sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae) from the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Perciformes, Mullidae) off Tunisia. Acta Parasitol 2018; 63:766-771. [PMID: 30367753 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2018-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Helminthological examinations of the red mullet Mullus barbatus (Linnaeus) (Mullidae) from the Gulf of Hammamet, off Tunisia, revealed the presence of one undescribed gonad-infecting nematode species, Philometra barbata n. sp. (Philometridae). The new species as other congeneric species is mainly characterized by the shape of the caudal mound, the distribution of the caudal papillae and the shape of the gubernaculum with the presence of a dorsal protuberance consisting of two dorsolateral lamellar parts separated from each other by a smooth median field in the male. The new species differs from its gonadinfecting congeners in the body length of male, the length of spicules and gubernaculum. This is the second nominal species of Philometra reported from fishes of the family Mullidae and the 14th from the Mediterranean Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nessrine Ghanmi
- Research Unit of Bio-Ecology and Evolutionary Systematics, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - David González-Solís
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), unidad Chetumal. Av. Centenario km. 5.5, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77014, México
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, CzechRepublic
| | - Lamia Gargouri
- Research Unit of Bio-Ecology and Evolutionary Systematics, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
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Amin OM, Heckmann RA, Ali AH. The Finding of Pacific Transvenid Acanthocephalan in the Arabian Gulf, with the Description ofParatrajectura longcementglandatusN. Gen., N. Sp. from Perciform Fishes and Emendation of Transvenidae. J Parasitol 2018; 104:39-50. [DOI: 10.1645/17-84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. Amin
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, no. 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Richard A. Heckmann
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, no. 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Atheer H. Ali
- Institute of Parasitic Diseases, 11445 E. Via Linda, no. 2-419, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
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Moravec F, Manoharan J. Philometra dissimilis n. sp. from the ovary of Johnius belangerii (Sciaenidae) and other new records of philometrids (Nematoda: Philometridae) from fishes of the Bay of Bengal, India. Helminthologia 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/helmin-2016-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Based on light and scanning electron microscopical studies, a new gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845, P. dissimilis n. sp. (Nematoda: Philometridae), is described from the marine fish (Belanger’s croaker) Johnius belangerii (Cuvier) (Sciaenidae, Perciformes) in the Bay of Bengal, off the eastern coast of India. The species is mainly characterized by the body length of male 2.73 – 3.37 mm and that of gravid female 145 – 171 mm, needle-like, equal spicules 96 – 120 μm long, length of the gubernaculum 75 – 90 μm, distal end of the gubernaculum with lamellar structures forming a simple dorsal protuberance and by the V-shaped male caudal mound. Philometra dissimilis is the seventh known gonad-infecting species of this genus parasitizing sciaenid fishes. Moreover, an additional two species of Philometra (only females) were recorded from fishes in the Bay of Bengal: P. lobotidisMoravec, Walter et Yuniar, 2012 from the abdominal cavity of Lobotis surinamensis (Bloch) (Lobotidae, Perciformes), which is a new geographical record, and Philometra sp. from the ovary of Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus) (Platycephalidae, Scorpaeniformes), representing probably an undescribed species.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Moravec
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - J. Manoharan
- Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai 8066 5502, Tamil Nadu, India
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Moravec F, Chaabane A, Justine JL, Neifar L. Two gonad-infecting species of Philometra (Nematoda: Philometridae) from groupers (Serranidae) off Tunisia, with a key to Philometra species infecting serranid gonads. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:8. [PMID: 26956219 PMCID: PMC4783587 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2016008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Based on light and scanning electron microscopical studies of nematode specimens (males and mature females) collected from the ovary of groupers (Serranidae, Perciformes) in the Mediterranean Sea off Tunisia (near Tunis and Sfax), two gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda, Philometridae) are reported: Philometra inexpectata n. sp. from the mottled grouper Mycteroperca rubra and P. jordanoi (López-Neyra, 1951) from the dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus. Identification of both fish species was confirmed by molecular barcoding. The new species is mainly characterized by the length of equally long spicules (147–165 μm), the gubernaculum (63–93 μm long) bearing at the tip two dorsolateral lamellar parts separated from each other by a smooth median field, a V-shaped mound on the male caudal extremity, the presence of a pair of large caudal papillae located posterior to the cloaca and by the body length of the males (1.97–2.43 mm). Philometra inexpectata n. sp. is the fifth known gonad-infecting philometrid species parasitizing serranid fishes in the Mediterranean region. The males of P. jordanoi were examined by scanning electron microscopy for the first time; this detailed study revealed some new taxonomically important morphological features, such as the number and arrangement of cephalic and caudal papillae, presence of amphids and phasmids and mainly the lamellate structures at the posterior end of the gubernaculum. A key to gonad-infecting species of Philometra parasitic in serranid fishes is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Moravec
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Amira Chaabane
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Écosystèmes Aquatiques, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax (FSS), Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jean-Lou Justine
- ISYEB, Institut Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, UMR7205 CNRS, EPHE, MNHN, UPMC, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP51, 55 Rue Buffon, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Lassad Neifar
- Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Écosystèmes Aquatiques, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax (FSS), Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
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Moravec F, Ali AH, Abed JM, Shaker SJ. New records of philometrids (Nematoda: Philometridae) from marine fishes off Iraq, with the erection of two new species and the first description of the male of Philometroides eleutheronemae Moravec & Manoharan, 2013. Syst Parasitol 2016; 93:129-44. [PMID: 26790678 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-015-9611-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Based on light and scanning electron microscopical studies, the following five species of philometrid nematodes (Nematoda: Philometridae) are described from marine fishes from off Basrah, southern Iraq (Arabian Gulf): Philometra iraqiensis n. sp. (females) from the abdominal cavity and ovary of the Klunzinger's mullet Liza klunzingeri (Day) (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae), P. megalaspidis n. sp. (females) from the ovary of the torpedo scad Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus) (Perciformes: Carangidae), Philometra sp. 1 (females) from the ovary of the greater lizardfish Saurida tumbil (Bloch) (Aulopiformes: Synodontidae), Philometra sp. 2 (females) from the ovary of the bartail flathead Platycephalus indicus (Linnaeus) (Scorpaeniformes: Platycephalidae) and Philometroides eleutheronemae Moravec & Manoharan, 2013 (male and females) from the ovary of the fourfinger threadfin Eleutheronema tetradactylum (Shaw) (Perciformes: Polynemidae). The new species are characterised mainly by the body length, the length and structure of the oesophagus and caudal end and by the family of their fish hosts. The male and the gravid female of P. eleutheronemae are described for the first time; the finding of this species in Iraqi waters represents the first record of this nematode in the region of the Arabian (=Persian) Gulf.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Moravec
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Atheer H Ali
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Jasim M Abed
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Sara J Shaker
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
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Moravec F, Tedesco P. Redescription of Philometra globiceps (Rudolphi, 1819) (Nematoda: Philometridae), the type species of Philometra Costa, 1845, including the first data obtained by SEM. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:4413-20. [PMID: 26319523 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4681-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A redescription of Philometra globiceps (Rudolphi 1819), the type species of Philometra Costa 1845 (Philometridae), is provided on the basis of specimens collected from the gonads, stomach, pyloric caeca, intestine and gallbladder of the marine fish Uranoscopus scaber Linnaeus (Uranoscopidae, Perciformes) caught in the Ionian Sea off Ugento, southern Italy. Light microscopical and scanning electron microscopical examinations (latter used for the first time in this species) of the specimens revealed some previously unreported morphological features, such as the location of submedian pairs of cephalic papillae of external circle on four elevated cuticular lobes in gravid females, the presence of amphids, genital papillae and phasmids in males, the lamellate structure of the distal end of gubernaculum appearing as a dorsal protuberance in lateral view and the structure of the male caudal end. A taxonomically important feature of P. globiceps is the details in the dorsal transverse lamella-like structures on the distal end of the gubernaculum, by which this species can be separated from other gonad-infecting species of this genus. Apparently, P. globiceps is a specific parasite of U. scaber and all previous records of this species from hosts belonging to other fish families are evidently based on misidentifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Moravec
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Philometra mirabilis sp. n. (Nematoda: Philometridae), a new gonad-infecting parasite from the freshwater fish Cichla mirianae (Cichlidae) in Brazilian Amazon. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:1929-32. [PMID: 25855348 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4381-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A new nematode species, Philometra mirabilis sp. n. (Philometridae), is described based on a subgravid female specimen recovered from the ovary of the freshwater perciform fish Cichla mirianae Kullander and Ferreira (Cichlidae) in the Juruena River (Amazon River basin), State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The new species is morphologically very different from congeners parasitizing fishes in South America, being mainly characterized by the markedly elongate, narrow body 171 mm long (maximum width/body length 1:598), the presence of three small cone-shaped oesophageal teeth protruding out of the mouth and an onion-shaped oesophageal inflation distinctly separated from the posterior part of the oesophagus, the relative length of the oesophagus, and the rounded posterior end of the body without any caudal projections. It is the third known valid species of Philometra Costa, 1845 parasitizing a freshwater fish in South America and the second species of this genus reported from fishes of the family Cichlidae.
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Moravec F, Barton DP. Two gonad-infecting species of Philometra (Nematoda: Philometridae) from marine fishes off the northern coast of Australia. Parasite 2015; 22:4. [PMID: 25654578 PMCID: PMC4318486 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2015008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two different gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 were collected from the ovary of marine perciform fishes, the blackspotted croaker Protonibea diacanthus (Sciaenidae) and the John’s snapper Lutjanus johnii (Lutjanidae), from off the northern coast of Australia. Nematodes (males and females) from P. diacanthus represent a new taxon, Philometra protonibeae n. sp., which is mainly characterized by the body length of the males (3.37–3. 90 mm), broad, equally long spicules (length 126–141 μm) and the shape and structure of the gubernaculum with a dorsally lamellate distal tip. The nematodes (only females) from L. johnii may represent an undescribed species, but, because of the absence of conspecific males, they could not be specifically identified. Philometra protonibeae is the fifth nominal gonad-infecting species of this genus recorded from marine fishes in Australian waters and the seventh species of these parasites described from fishes of the family Sciaenidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Moravec
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Diane P Barton
- Fisheries Research, Department of Primary Industries & Fisheries, Berrimah Farm, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia Aquatic Ecology & Management, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory 0801, Australia
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Moravec F, Bakenhaster M, Fajer-Ávila EJ. Three new gonad-infecting species of Philometra (Nematoda: Philometridae) parasitic in Lutjanus spp. (Lutjanidae) in the northern Gulf of Mexico off Florida, USA. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 2014. [DOI: 10.14411/fp.2014.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Moravec F, Diggles BK. Two new gonad-infecting species of Philometra Costa, 1845 (Nematoda: Philometridae) from marine fishes off the northern coast of Australia. Syst Parasitol 2014; 89:33-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s11230-014-9509-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Moravec F, Manoharan J. Two new gonad-infecting species of Philometra (Nematoda: Philometridae) parasitic in Lutjanus spp. (Osteichthyes: Lutjanidae) in the Bay of Bengal, India. Parasitol Res 2014; 113:3299-307. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-3993-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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