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Chooklin S, Chuklin S, Barylyak R. NEUTROPHIL EXTRACELLULAR TRAPS AS A THERAPEUTIC TARGET IN SYSTEMIC COMPLICATIONS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS. FIZIOLOHICHNYĬ ZHURNAL 2022; 68:80-89. [DOI: 10.15407/fz68.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The review focuses on the role of neutrophilic extracellular traps (NETs) in systemic complications of acute pancreatitis. NETs can activate trypsin, cause inflammation and pancreatic tissue damage, and clog the excretory ducts. The main fatal complications of acute pancreatitis, such as acute lung injury, kidney, myocardial and CNS damage, intestinal dysfunction, hemocoagulation disorders are associated with NETs. Focusing on the formation and degradation of NETs may be a way to develop strategies for treating organ damage in severe acute pancreatitis. Current data on the use of NET-targeted therapy in experimental severe acute pancreatitis, which is aimed at blocking the NETs formation and disassembly of the DNA scaffold, inhibition of proteins toxicity in NETs, are considered.
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Long Y, Tang M, Wang J, Liu H, Jian Z, Li G, Liu C. Case Report: Abnormal ECG in a Patient With Acute Pancreatitis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:741253. [PMID: 35004873 PMCID: PMC8733163 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.741253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Both acute pancreatitis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are rapidly progressive and frequently fatal diseases that can be interrelated and lead to a vicious cycle for further problems. The concomitant occurrence of AMI and acute pancreatitis is rare but critical, and efficient diagnosis and treatment of such patients are challenging. Case Summary: We reported an uncommon case of abnormal ECG findings in a 63-year-old woman with acute pancreatitis. The patient exhibited increased biomarkers of myocardial injury, such as creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and troponin T, as well as ST segment elevation in inferior leads II, III, and aVF. Both of these have been previously observed in patients with acute abdomen in the absence of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), including pancreatitis. In addition, lacking complaints of chest pain or tightness was also supportive of this idea. Echocardiography indicated abnormalities in the functioning of the left inferior posterior wall segments and decreased overall systolic function of the left ventricle with a 51% ejection fraction. Eventually, AMI was diagnosed after coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) showing critical stenosis of the right coronary artery and left anterior descending artery segments. The patient was urgently transferred to intensive care unit and was treated with anticoagulation, antiplatelet aggregation, lipid-lowering and other palliative drugs. Conclusion: Concomitant acute pancreatitis and AMI are often considered to be critical conditions with a poor prognosis. Therefore, it is important to rapidly identify this condition and consider transferring patients for multidisciplinary supportive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Long
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Manyun Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Liu
- The Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhijie Jian
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Hu J, Kang H, Chen H, Yao J, Yi X, Tang W, Wan M. Targeting neutrophil extracellular traps in severe acute pancreatitis treatment. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2020; 13:1756284820974913. [PMID: 33281940 PMCID: PMC7692350 DOI: 10.1177/1756284820974913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a critical abdominal disease associated with high death rates. A systemic inflammatory response promotes disease progression, resulting in multiple organ dysfunction. The functions of neutrophils in the pathology of SAP have been presumed traditionally to be activation of chemokine and cytokine cascades accompanying the inflammatory process. Recently, since their discovery, a new type of antimicrobial mechanism, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and their role in SAP, has attracted widespread attention from the scientific community. Significantly different from phagocytosis and degranulation, NETs kill extracellular microorganisms by releasing DNA fibers decorated with granular proteins. In addition to their strong antimicrobial functions, NETs participate in the pathophysiological process of many noninfectious diseases. In SAP, NETs injure normal tissues under inflammatory stress, which is associated with the activation of inflammatory cells, to cause an inflammatory cascade, and SAP products also trigger NET formation. Thus, due to the interaction between NET generation and SAP, a treatment targeting NETs might become a key point in SAP therapy. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of NETs in protecting the host from pathogen invasion, the stimulus that triggers NET formation, organ injury associated with SAP involving NETs, methods to interrupt the harmful effects of NETs, and different therapeutic strategies to preserve the organ function of patients with SAP by targeting NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huan Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Yi
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenfu Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Prediction analytics of myocardial infarction through model-driven deep deterministic learning. Neural Comput Appl 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-019-04400-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Wan J, Yang X, He W, Zhu Y, Zhu Y, Zeng H, Liu P, Xia L, Lu N. Serum D-dimer levels at admission for prediction of outcomes in acute pancreatitis. BMC Gastroenterol 2019; 19:67. [PMID: 31046705 PMCID: PMC6498652 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-019-0989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic alterations in coagulation are associated with complications of acute pancreatitis (AP). D-dimer, a fibrin degradation product, was recently described as a marker of pancreatitis outcome. Early prediction is essential for reducing mortality in AP. The present study aims to assess the relationship between elevated serum D-dimer levels and the severity of AP. METHODS We performed an observational retrospective study with data from 3451 enrolled patients with AP. Serum D-dimer levels were measured upon admission, after 24 h and during the week after admission by immunoturbidimetry. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine whether elevated D-dimer levels were independently associated with the severity of AP. RESULTS Of the 3451 AP patients, 2478 (71.8%) had serum D-dimer levels measured within 24 h of hospital admission; 1273 of these patients had D-dimer levels ≤2.5 mg/L, and 1205 had D-dimer levels > 2.5 mg/L (934 patients had mild AP (MAP); 1086, moderately severe AP (MSAP); and 458, severe AP (SAP)). Patients with D-dimer levels > 2.5 mg/L (n = 1205) had higher incidences of SAP (75.5% vs. 24.5%), acute peripancreatic fluid collection (APFC) (53.3% vs. 46.7%), acute necrotic collection (ANC) (72.4% vs. 27.6%), pancreatic necrosis (PN) (65.2% vs. 34.8%), infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) (77.7% vs. 22.8%), organ failure (OF) (68.5% vs. 31.5%), persistent organ failure (POF) (75.5% vs. 24.5%), ICU requirement (70.2% vs. 29.8%), and mortality (79.2% vs. 20.8%) than did patients with D-dimer levels ≤2.5 mg/L (n = 1273). The multivariate analysis showed that patients with higher serum D-dimer levels had poorer prognoses that worsened over time. CONCLUSION The measurement of D-dimer levels at admission may be useful for risk stratification of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Pi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People's Republic of China
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