Selective Production of H2 from Ethanol at Low Temperatures over Rh/ZrO2–CeO2 Catalysts

Elevated CO-free hydrogen productivity through ethanol steam reforming using cubic Co-Nanoparticles based MgO catalyst

Hydrogen production through the processes of ethanol catalytic steam reforming (SR) is one of the promising routes due to its extensive yield that can be gained. However, catalyst deactivation (as a result of coke formation) is a major drawback in such a process. Therefore, this research work introduces efficient MgO supported Cubic cobalt oxide catalyst for the process of ethanol SR. This catalyst was successfully able to produce gases that have high contents of CO-free hydrogen was produced (above 78%) at 500°C and various flow rates of feed. This catalyst had also avoided coke formation at that temperature while attaining capture of the in-situ produced CO₂ gas. The employment of an operating temperature beyond 500°C, during the SR process, could reduce the percentages of hydrogen (in products) to less than 55%. Such increases in the operational temperature could leave behind the detection of coke deposits onto the catalyst surface. The presence of these deposits was confirmed visually as well as via Raman spectroscopy.

The complete utilization of rice husk for production of synthesis gas

Rich husk was completely used for synthesis gas production. The pyrolysis volatiles were used as raw materials. Bio-char was used as the catalyst.

Silver nanoparticles supported on zirconia–ceria for the catalytic wet air oxidation of methyl tert-butyl ether

In this work Ag nanoparticles supported on ZrO₂–CeO₂ promoted with different amounts of CeO₂ were synthesized by deposition–precipitation method in order to test the Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation (CWAO) of Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE).

Catalytic Reforming of Oxygenates: State of the Art and Future Prospects

This Review describes recent advances in the design, synthesis, reactivity, selectivity, structural, and electronic properties of the catalysts for reforming of a variety of oxygenates (e.g., from simple monoalcohols to higher polyols, then to sugars, phenols, and finally complicated mixtures like bio-oil). A comprehensive exploration of the structure-activity relationship in catalytic reforming of oxygenates is carried out, assisted by state-of-the-art characterization techniques and computational tools. Critical emphasis has been given on the mechanisms of these heterogeneous-catalyzed reactions and especially on the nature of the active catalytic sites and reaction pathways. Similarities and differences (reaction mechanisms, design and synthesis of catalysts, as well as catalytic systems) in the reforming process of these oxygenates will also be discussed. A critical overview is then provided regarding the challenges and opportunities for research in this area with a focus on the roles that systems of heterogeneous catalysis, reaction engineering, and materials science can play in the near future. This Review aims to present insights into the intrinsic mechanism involved in catalytic reforming and provides guidance to the development of novel catalysts and processes for the efficient utilization of oxygenates for energy and environmental purposes.

Oxide-supported Rh catalysts for H2 generation from low-temperature ethanol steam reforming: effects of support, Rh precursor and Rh loading on catalytic performance

Rh₄(CO)₁₂-derived Rh/CeO₂ is superior to the other oxide-supported Rh catalysts. Coking is the only cause of catalyst deactivation which affects the catalytic stability of Rh/CeO₂. Both CeO₂-supported Rh⁰ and Rh⁺ may participate in catalysis for ESR.