1
|
Routh PK, Redekop E, Prodinger S, van der Hoeven JES, Lim KRG, Aizenberg J, Nachtegaal M, Clark AH, Frenkel AI. Restructuring dynamics of surface species in bimetallic nanoparticles probed by modulation excitation spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6736. [PMID: 39112484 PMCID: PMC11306641 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Restructuring of metal components on bimetallic nanoparticle surfaces in response to the changes in reactive environment is a ubiquitous phenomenon whose potential for the design of tunable catalysts is underexplored. The main challenge is the lack of knowledge of the structure, composition, and evolution of species on the nanoparticle surfaces during reaction. We apply a modulation excitation approach to the X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the 30 atomic % Pd in Au supported nanocatalysts via the gas (H2 and O2) concentration modulation. For interpreting restructuring kinetics, we correlate the phase-sensitive detection with the time-domain analysis aided by a denoising algorithm. Here we show that the surface and near-surface species such as Pd oxides and atomically dispersed Pd restructured periodically, featuring different time delays. We propose a model that Pd oxide formation is preceded by the build-up of Pd regions caused by oxygen-driven segregation of Pd atoms towards the surface. During the H2 pulse, rapid reduction and dissolution of Pd follows an induction period which we attribute to H2 dissociation. Periodic perturbations of nanocatalysts by gases can, therefore, enable variations in the stoichiometry of the surface and near-surface oxides and dynamically tune the degree of oxidation/reduction of metals at/near the catalyst surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prahlad K Routh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Evgeniy Redekop
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sebastian Prodinger
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jessi E S van der Hoeven
- Materials Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kang Rui Garrick Lim
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | | | - Adam H Clark
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Villigen, CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - Anatoly I Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
- Division of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Roger M, Artiglia L, Boucly A, Buttignol F, Agote-Arán M, van Bokhoven JA, Kröcher O, Ferri D. Improving time-resolution and sensitivity of in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of a powder catalyst by modulated excitation. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7482-7491. [PMID: 37449079 PMCID: PMC10337771 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01274c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) is a powerful tool to characterize the surface structure of heterogeneous catalysts in situ. In order to improve the time resolution and the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of photoemission spectra, we collected consecutive APXP spectra during the periodic perturbation of a powder Pd/Al2O3 catalyst away from its equilibrium state according to the modulated excitation approach (ME). Averaging of the spectra along the alternate pulses of O2 and CO improved the S/N ratio demonstrating that the time resolution of the measurement can be limited solely to the acquisition time of one spectrum. Through phase sensitive analysis of the averaged time-resolved spectra, the formation/consumption dynamics of three oxidic species, two metal species, adsorbed CO on Pd0 as well as Pdn+ (n > 2) was followed along the gas switches. Pdn+ and 2-fold surface PdO species were recognised as most reactive to the gas switches. Our approach demonstrates that phase sensitive detection of time-resolved XPS data allows following the dynamics of reactive species at the solid-gas interface under different reaction environments with unprecedented precision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Roger
- Paul Scherrer Institut Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institute for Chemical Sciences and Engineering CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - L Artiglia
- Paul Scherrer Institut Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
| | - A Boucly
- Paul Scherrer Institut Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
| | - F Buttignol
- Paul Scherrer Institut Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institute for Chemical Sciences and Engineering CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - M Agote-Arán
- Paul Scherrer Institut Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
| | - J A van Bokhoven
- Paul Scherrer Institut Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich 8093 Zurich Switzerland
| | - O Kröcher
- Paul Scherrer Institut Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institute for Chemical Sciences and Engineering CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - D Ferri
- Paul Scherrer Institut Forschungsstrasse 111, CH-5232 Villigen PSI Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
De Coster V, Srinath NV, Yazdani P, Poelman H, Galvita VV. Modulation Engineering: Stimulation Design for Enhanced Kinetic Information from Modulation-Excitation Experiments on Catalytic Systems. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
|
4
|
Sarma BB, Maurer F, Doronkin DE, Grunwaldt JD. Design of Single-Atom Catalysts and Tracking Their Fate Using Operando and Advanced X-ray Spectroscopic Tools. Chem Rev 2022; 123:379-444. [PMID: 36418229 PMCID: PMC9837826 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The potential of operando X-ray techniques for following the structure, fate, and active site of single-atom catalysts (SACs) is highlighted with emphasis on a synergetic approach of both topics. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and related X-ray techniques have become fascinating tools to characterize solids and they can be applied to almost all the transition metals deriving information about the symmetry, oxidation state, local coordination, and many more structural and electronic properties. SACs, a newly coined concept, recently gained much attention in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. In this way, one can achieve a minimum use of the metal, theoretically highest efficiency, and the design of only one active site-so-called single site catalysts. While single sites are not easy to characterize especially under operating conditions, XAS as local probe together with complementary methods (infrared spectroscopy, electron microscopy) is ideal in this research area to prove the structure of these sites and the dynamic changes during reaction. In this review, starting from their fundamentals, various techniques related to conventional XAS and X-ray photon in/out techniques applied to single sites are discussed with detailed mechanistic and in situ/operando studies. We systematically summarize the design strategies of SACs and outline their exploration with XAS supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and recent machine learning tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bidyut Bikash Sarma
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 20, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany,Institute
of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany,
| | - Florian Maurer
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 20, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dmitry E. Doronkin
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 20, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany,Institute
of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 20, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany,Institute
of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chiarello GL, Bernareggi M, Selli E. Redox Dynamics of Pt and Cu Nanoparticles on TiO 2 during the Photocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions Studied by In Situ Modulated Excitation X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luca Chiarello
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Bernareggi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Selli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu W, Zhang G, Shou H, Zhou J, Chen S, Chu S, Zhang J, Song L. Approach to electrochemical modulating differential extended X-ray absorption fine structure. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:1065-1073. [PMID: 35787574 PMCID: PMC9255574 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522005616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The differential XAFS technique holds promise for detecting surface changes, which benefits many chemical applications. Phase-sensitive detection (PSD) analysis based on modulated excitation spectroscopy experiments is expected to obtain a high-quality difference spectrum, while the mathematical relationship and experiment parameters remain to be discussed. In this article, an approach to obtaining the difference spectrum from the PSD demodulated spectrum is described and its applicability in different experiment settings is discussed. The results indicate that the demodulated spectrum is almost equal to the difference spectrum when the modulating period is 20 times larger than the relaxation time constant. This approach was subsequently applied to an electrochemical modulation experiment and the demodulated spectrum was analyzed. A reversible lattice shrinking is observed via the fitting of demodulated spectra, which is proportional to the charge amount on the electrode. This approach could be used to quantitatively analyze the modulated excitation XAS data and holds promise for a wide range of electrochemical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guikai Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Shou
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Zhou
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangming Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengqi Chu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Song
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Redekop EA, Yablonsky GS, Gleaves JT. Truth is, we all are transients: A perspective on the time-dependent nature of reactions and those who study them. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Have ICT, Kromwijk JJG, Monai M, Ferri D, Sterk EB, Meirer F, Weckhuysen BM. Uncovering the reaction mechanism behind CoO as active phase for CO 2 hydrogenation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:324. [PMID: 35031615 PMCID: PMC8760247 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-27981-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming carbon dioxide into valuable chemicals and fuels, is a promising tool for environmental and industrial purposes. Here, we present catalysts comprising of cobalt (oxide) nanoparticles stabilized on various support oxides for hydrocarbon production from carbon dioxide. We demonstrate that the activity and selectivity can be tuned by selection of the support oxide and cobalt oxidation state. Modulated excitation (ME) diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) reveals that cobalt oxide catalysts follows the hydrogen-assisted pathway, whereas metallic cobalt catalysts mainly follows the direct dissociation pathway. Contrary to the commonly considered metallic active phase of cobalt-based catalysts, cobalt oxide on titania support is the most active catalyst in this study and produces 11% C2+ hydrocarbons. The C2+ selectivity increases to 39% (yielding 104 mmol h-1 gcat-1 C2+ hydrocarbons) upon co-feeding CO and CO2 at a ratio of 1:2 at 250 °C and 20 bar, thus outperforming the majority of typical cobalt-based catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris C Ten Have
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Josepha J G Kromwijk
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Monai
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Davide Ferri
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Ellen B Sterk
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Meirer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gaur A, Stehle M, Serrer MA, Stummann MZ, La Fontaine C, Briois V, Grunwaldt JD, Høj M. Using Transient XAS to Detect Minute Levels of Reversible S-O Exchange at the Active Sites of MoS2-Based Hydrotreating Catalysts: Effect of Metal Loading, Promotion, Temperature, and Oxygenate Reactant. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Gaur
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen D-76344, Germany
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 20, Karlsruhe D-76131, Germany
| | - Matthias Stehle
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 20, Karlsruhe D-76131, Germany
| | - Marc-André Serrer
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen D-76344, Germany
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 20, Karlsruhe D-76131, Germany
| | - Magnus Zingler Stummann
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Søltofts Plads 228A, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Camille La Fontaine
- SOLEIL Synchrotron, UR1-CNRS, L’Orme des Merisiers, BP48, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur Yvette F-91192, France
| | - Valérie Briois
- SOLEIL Synchrotron, UR1-CNRS, L’Orme des Merisiers, BP48, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur Yvette F-91192, France
| | - Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen D-76344, Germany
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 20, Karlsruhe D-76131, Germany
| | - Martin Høj
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Søltofts Plads 228A, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sun G, Sautet P. Active Site Fluxional Restructuring as a New Paradigm in Triggering Reaction Activity for Nanocluster Catalysis. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3841-3849. [PMID: 34582175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rationale of the catalytic activity observed in experiments is a crucial task in fundamental catalysis studies. Efficient catalyst design relies on an accurate understanding of the origin of the activity at the atomic level. Theoretical studies have been widely developed to reach such a fundamental atomic scale understanding of catalytic activity. Current theories ascribe the catalytic activity to the geometric and electronic structure of the active site, in which the geometrical and electronic structure effects are derived from the equilibrium geometry of active sites characterizing the static property of the catalyst; however catalysts, especially in the form of nanoclusters, may present fluxional and dynamic structure under reaction conditions, and the effect of this fluxional behavior is not yet widely recognized. Therefore, this Account will focus on the fluxionality of the active sites, which is driven by thermal fluctuations under finite temperature.Under reaction conditions, nanocluster catalysts can readily restructure, either being promoted to another metastable isomer (named as plastic fluxionality) or presenting ample deformations around their equilibrium geometry (named as elastic fluxionality). This Account summarizes our recent studies on the fluxionality of the nanoclusters and how plastic and elastic fluxionalities play roles in highly efficient reaction pathways. Our results show that the low energy metastable isomers formed by plastic fluxionality can manifest high reactivity despite their minor occurrence probability in the mixture of catalyst isomers. In the end, the highly active metastable isomer may dominate the total observed reactivity. In addition, the isomerization between the global minimum structure and the highly active metastable isomer can be a central step in catalytic transformations in order to circumvent some difficult reaction steps and may govern the overall mechanism. In addition, the thermal fluctuation driven elastic fluxionality is also found to play a key role, complementary to plastic fluxionality. The elastic fluxionality creates substantial structural deformations of the active site, and these deformed geometries enable low activation energies and high catalytic activity, which cannot be found from the static equilibrium geometry of the catalyst. A dedicated global activity search algorithm is proposed to search for the optimal reaction pathway on fluxional nanoclusters. In summary, our studies demonstrate that thermal-driven fluxionality provides a different paradigm for understanding the high activity of nanoclusters under reaction conditions beyond the static description of geometric and electronic structure. We first summarize our previous results and then provide a perspective for further studies on how to investigate and take the advantage of the fluxional geometry of nanoclusters. We will defend in this Account that the static picture for the active site is not complete and might miss critical reaction pathways that are highly efficient and only open after thermally induced restructuring of the active site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geng Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Philippe Sautet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Iglesias‐Juez A, Chiarello GL, Patience GS, Guerrero‐Pérez MO. Experimental methods in chemical engineering:
X
‐ray absorption spectroscopy—
XAS
,
XANES
,
EXAFS. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
12
|
Czioska S, Boubnov A, Escalera-López D, Geppert J, Zagalskaya A, Röse P, Saraçi E, Alexandrov V, Krewer U, Cherevko S, Grunwaldt JD. Increased Ir–Ir Interaction in Iridium Oxide during the Oxygen Evolution Reaction at High Potentials Probed by Operando Spectroscopy. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Czioska
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 20, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexey Boubnov
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 20, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Daniel Escalera-López
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Janis Geppert
- Institute for Applied Materials—Electrochemical Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Adenauerring 20b, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexandra Zagalskaya
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Philipp Röse
- Institute for Applied Materials—Electrochemical Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Adenauerring 20b, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Erisa Saraçi
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 20, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Vitaly Alexandrov
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska−Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Ulrike Krewer
- Institute for Applied Materials—Electrochemical Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Adenauerring 20b, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Serhiy Cherevko
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engesserstraße 20, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rupprechter G. Operando Surface Spectroscopy and Microscopy during Catalytic Reactions: From Clusters via Nanoparticles to Meso-Scale Aggregates. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2004289. [PMID: 33694320 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Operando characterization of working catalysts, requiring per definitionem the simultaneous measurement of catalytic performance, is crucial to identify the relevant catalyst structure, composition and adsorbed species. Frequently applied operando techniques are discussed, including X-ray absorption spectroscopy, near ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy. In contrast to these area-averaging spectroscopies, operando surface microscopy by photoemission electron microscopy delivers spatially-resolved data, directly visualizing catalyst heterogeneity. For thorough interpretation, the experimental results should be complemented by density functional theory. The operando approach enables to identify changes of cluster/nanoparticle structure and composition during ongoing catalytic reactions and reveal how molecules interact with surfaces and interfaces. The case studies cover the length-scales from clusters via nanoparticles to meso-scale aggregates, and demonstrate the benefits of specific operando methods. Restructuring, ligand/atom mobility, and surface composition alterations during the reaction may have pronounced effects on activity and selectivity. The nanoscale metal/oxide interface steers catalytic performance via a long ranging effect. Combining operando spectroscopy with switching gas feeds or concentration-modulation provides further mechanistic insights. The obtained fundamental understanding is a prerequisite for improving catalytic performance and for rational design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Günther Rupprechter
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/BC/01, Vienna, 1060, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Redekop EA, Johansson N, Kokkonen E, Urpelainen S, Lopes da Silva F, Kaipio M, Nieminen HE, Rehman F, Miikkulainen V, Ritala M, Olsbye U. Synchronizing gas injections and time-resolved data acquisition for perturbation-enhanced APXPS experiments. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:044101. [PMID: 34243480 DOI: 10.1063/5.0039957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
An experimental approach is described in which well-defined perturbations of the gas feed into an Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (APXPS) cell are fully synchronized with the time-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data acquisition. These experiments unlock new possibilities for investigating the properties of materials and chemical reactions mediated by their surfaces, such as those in heterogeneous catalysis, surface science, and coating/deposition applications. Implementation of this approach, which is termed perturbation-enhanced APXPS, at the SPECIES beamline of MAX IV Laboratory is discussed along with several experimental examples including individual pulses of N2 gas over a Au foil, a multi-pulse titration of oxygen vacancies in a pre-reduced TiO2 single crystal with O2 gas, and a sequence of alternating precursor pulses for atomic layer deposition of TiO2 on a silicon wafer substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy A Redekop
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), University of Oslo, Oslo 0371, Norway
| | | | - Esko Kokkonen
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Samuli Urpelainen
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Mikko Kaipio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Foqia Rehman
- Department of Physics, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ville Miikkulainen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Ritala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Unni Olsbye
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), University of Oslo, Oslo 0371, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
De Coster V, Poelman H, Dendooven J, Detavernier C, Galvita VV. Designing Nanoparticles and Nanoalloys for Gas-Phase Catalysis with Controlled Surface Reactivity Using Colloidal Synthesis and Atomic Layer Deposition. Molecules 2020; 25:E3735. [PMID: 32824236 PMCID: PMC7464189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Supported nanoparticles are commonly applied in heterogeneous catalysis. The catalytic performance of these solid catalysts is, for a given support, dependent on the nanoparticle size, shape, and composition, thus necessitating synthesis techniques that allow for preparing these materials with fine control over those properties. Such control can be exploited to deconvolute their effects on the catalyst's performance, which is the basis for knowledge-driven catalyst design. In this regard, bottom-up synthesis procedures based on colloidal chemistry or atomic layer deposition (ALD) have proven successful in achieving the desired level of control for a variety of fundamental studies. This review aims to give an account of recent progress made in the two aforementioned synthesis techniques for the application of controlled catalytic materials in gas-phase catalysis. For each technique, the focus goes to mono- and bimetallic materials, as well as to recent efforts in enhancing their performance by embedding colloidal templates in porous oxide phases or by the deposition of oxide overlayers via ALD. As a recent extension to the latter, the concept of area-selective ALD for advanced atomic-scale catalyst design is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentijn De Coster
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (V.D.C.); (H.P.)
| | - Hilde Poelman
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (V.D.C.); (H.P.)
| | - Jolien Dendooven
- Department of Solid State Sciences, CoCooN, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.); (C.D.)
| | - Christophe Detavernier
- Department of Solid State Sciences, CoCooN, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.D.); (C.D.)
| | - Vladimir V. Galvita
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), Ghent University, Technologiepark 125, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (V.D.C.); (H.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Serrer MA, Gaur A, Jelic J, Weber S, Fritsch C, Clark AH, Saraçi E, Studt F, Grunwaldt JD. Structural dynamics in Ni–Fe catalysts during CO2 methanation – role of iron oxide clusters. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01396j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Operando XAS coupled with MES supported by DFT unravel the highly dynamic nature of Ni–Fe catalysts during CO2 methanation and beneficial formation of iron oxide clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc-André Serrer
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology
| | - Abhijeet Gaur
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology
| | - Jelena Jelic
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Sebastian Weber
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology
| | - Charlotte Fritsch
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology
| | - Adam H. Clark
- SuperXAS beamline
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- 5232 Villigen
- Switzerland
| | - Erisa Saraçi
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology
| | - Felix Studt
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology
| | - Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Witzke ME, Almithn A, Conrad CL, Triezenberg MD, Hibbitts DD, Flaherty DW. In Situ Methods for Identifying Reactive Surface Intermediates during Hydrogenolysis Reactions: C–O Bond Cleavage on Nanoparticles of Nickel and Nickel Phosphides. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16671-16684. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Witzke
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Abdulrahman Almithn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Christian L. Conrad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mark D. Triezenberg
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David D. Hibbitts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - David W. Flaherty
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gaur A, Hartmann Dabros TM, Høj M, Boubnov A, Prüssmann T, Jelic J, Studt F, Jensen AD, Grunwaldt JD. Probing the Active Sites of MoS2 Based Hydrotreating Catalysts Using Modulation Excitation Spectroscopy. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Gaur
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, D-76131 Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, D-76131 Germany
| | - Trine Marie Hartmann Dabros
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kgs. Lyngby, DK-2800 Denmark
| | - Martin Høj
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kgs. Lyngby, DK-2800 Denmark
| | - Alexey Boubnov
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, D-76131 Germany
| | - Tim Prüssmann
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, D-76131 Germany
| | - Jelena Jelic
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, D-76131 Germany
| | - Felix Studt
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, D-76131 Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, D-76131 Germany
| | - Anker Degn Jensen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kgs. Lyngby, DK-2800 Denmark
| | - Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, D-76131 Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, D-76131 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Srinivasan PD, Patil BS, Zhu H, Bravo-Suárez JJ. Application of modulation excitation-phase sensitive detection-DRIFTS for in situ/operando characterization of heterogeneous catalysts. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00011a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new more general method and guidelines for the implementation of modulation excitation-phase sensitive detection-diffuse reflectance Fourier transform spectroscopy (ME-PSD-DRIFTS).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya D. Srinivasan
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
- The University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis
| | - Bhagyesha S. Patil
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
- The University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis
| | - Hongda Zhu
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis
- The University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
| | - Juan J. Bravo-Suárez
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering
- The University of Kansas
- Lawrence
- USA
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Medford AJ, Kunz MR, Ewing SM, Borders T, Fushimi R. Extracting Knowledge from Data through Catalysis Informatics. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Medford
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318 United States
| | - M. Ross Kunz
- Biological and Chemical Processing Department, Energy and Environmental Science and Technology, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Sarah M. Ewing
- Biological and Chemical Processing Department, Energy and Environmental Science and Technology, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Tammie Borders
- Biological and Chemical Processing Department, Energy and Environmental Science and Technology, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Rebecca Fushimi
- Biological and Chemical Processing Department, Energy and Environmental Science and Technology, Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
- Center for Advanced Energy Studies, 995 University Boulevard, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83401, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Singh H, Donetsky D, Liu J, Attenkofer K, Cheng B, Trelewicz JR, Lubomirsky I, Stavitski E, Frenkel AI. Investigation of periodically driven systems by x-ray absorption spectroscopy using asynchronous data collection mode. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:045111. [PMID: 29716373 DOI: 10.1063/1.5000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the development, testing, and demonstration of a setup for modulation excitation spectroscopy experiments at the Inner Shell Spectroscopy beamline of National Synchrotron Light Source - II. A computer algorithm and dedicated software were developed for asynchronous data processing and analysis. We demonstrate the reconstruction of X-ray absorption spectra for different time points within the modulation pulse using a model system. This setup and the software are intended for a broad range of functional materials which exhibit structural and/or electronic responses to the external stimulation, such as catalysts, energy and battery materials, and electromechanical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Singh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - D Donetsky
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - J Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Attenkofer
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - J R Trelewicz
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - I Lubomirsky
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - E Stavitski
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A I Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Marchionni V, Szlachetko J, Nachtegaal M, Kambolis A, Kröcher O, Ferri D. An operando emission spectroscopy study of Pt/Al 2O 3 and Pt/CeO 2/Al 2O 3. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:29268-29277. [PMID: 27731446 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05992a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In situ time-resolved spectroscopic examination of catalysts based on well dispersed nanoparticles on metal oxides under transient conditions significantly facilitates the elucidation of reaction mechanisms. In this contribution, we demonstrate the level of structural information that can be obtained using high-energy resolution off-resonant spectroscopy (HEROS) to study 1.3 wt% Pt/Al2O3 and 1.3 wt% Pt/20 wt% CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts subjected to redox pulsing. First, HEROS is compared with XANES in a temperature programmed reduction experiment to demonstrate the increased sensitivity and time resolution of HEROS. Second, modulation excitation spectroscopy is exploited by redox pulsing to enhance the sensitivity of HEROS to structural changes by the application of phase sensitive detection (PSD) to the time-resolved HEROS data set. The HEROS measurements were complemented by resonant X-ray emission (RXES) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy measurements performed under identical conditions and in a single reactor cell in order to probe different aspects of the catalyst materials under the selected experimental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Marchionni
- Paul Scherrer Institut
- Switzerland
- ETH Zurich
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering
- CH-8093 Zurich
| | - Jakub Szlachetko
- Paul Scherrer Institut
- Switzerland
- Jan Kochanowski University
- Institute of Physics
- PL-25-406 Kielce
| | | | | | - Oliver Kröcher
- Paul Scherrer Institut
- Switzerland
- École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
- Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering
- CH-1015 Lausanne
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nilsson J, Carlsson PA, Martin NM, Adams EC, Agostini G, Grönbeck H, Skoglundh M. Methane oxidation over Pd/Al2O3 under rich/lean cycling followed by operando XAFS and modulation excitation spectroscopy. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
24
|
Sprenger P, Kleist W, Grunwaldt JD. Recent Advances in Selective Propylene Oxidation over Bismuth Molybdate Based Catalysts: Synthetic, Spectroscopic, and Theoretical Approaches. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Sprenger
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kleist
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
- Institute
for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute
of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Time Resolved Operando X-ray Techniques in Catalysis, a Case Study: CO Oxidation by O2 over Pt Surfaces and Alumina Supported Pt Catalysts. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
26
|
Müller P, Hermans I. Applications of Modulation Excitation Spectroscopy in Heterogeneous Catalysis. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Müller
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ive Hermans
- Department of Chemistry & Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
From Spectator Species to Active Site Using X-ray Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy Under Realistic Conditions. SPRINGER SERIES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-44439-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
28
|
Gänzler AM, Lichtenberg H, Frenkel AI, Casapu M, Boubnov A, Wang D, Grunwaldt JD. Using combined XAS/DRIFTS to study CO/NO Oxidation over Pt/Al2O3catalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/712/1/012045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
29
|
|
30
|
Nilsson J, Carlsson PA, Fouladvand S, Martin NM, Gustafson J, Newton MA, Lundgren E, Grönbeck H, Skoglundh M. Chemistry of Supported Palladium Nanoparticles during Methane Oxidation. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/cs502036d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Johan Gustafson
- Division
of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221
00 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Edvin Lundgren
- Division
of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221
00 Lund, Sweden
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Tsakoumis NE, York APE, Chen D, Rønning M. Catalyst characterisation techniques and reaction cells operating at realistic conditions; towards acquisition of kinetically relevant information. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy00269a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalyst characterisation techniques and reaction cells operating at realistic conditions; towards acquisition of kinetically relevant information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos E. Tsakoumis
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- NO-7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| | - Andrew P. E. York
- Johnson Matthey Technology Centre
- Blount's Court
- Sonning Common
- Reading RG4 9NH
- UK
| | - De Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- NO-7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| | - Magnus Rønning
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- NO-7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chiarello GL, Ferri D. Modulated excitation extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:10579-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp00609k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Modulated excitation improves the sensitivity of EXAFS by phase sensitive detection as demonstrated by simulated and experimental time-resolved FT-EXAFS spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luca Chiarello
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- I-20133 Milano
- Italy
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
| | - Davide Ferri
- Paul Scherrer Institut
- CH-5232 Villigen PSI
- Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
|
34
|
Newton MA, Di Michiel M, Ferri D, Fernàndez-Garcia M, Beale AM, Jacques SDM, Chupas PJ, Chapman KW. Catalytic Adventures in Space and Time Using High Energy X-rays. CATALYSIS SURVEYS FROM ASIA 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10563-014-9173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
35
|
Frenkel AI, van Bokhoven JA. X-ray spectroscopy for chemical and energy sciences: the case of heterogeneous catalysis. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2014; 21:1084-1089. [PMID: 25177997 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577514014854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis is the enabling technology for much of the current and future processes relevant for energy conversion and chemicals synthesis. The development of new materials and processes is greatly helped by the understanding of the catalytic process at the molecular level on the macro/micro-kinetic time scale and on that of the actual bond breaking and bond making. The performance of heterogeneous catalysts is inherently the average over the ensemble of active sites. Much development aims at unravelling the structure of the active site; however, in general, these methods yield the ensemble-average structure. A benefit of X-ray-based methods is the large penetration depth of the X-rays, enabling in situ and operando measurements. The potential of X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy methods (XANES, EXAFS, HERFD, RIXS and HEROS) to directly measure the structure of the catalytically active site at the single nanoparticle level using nanometer beams at diffraction-limited storage ring sources is highlighted. The use of pump-probe schemes coupled with single-shot experiments will extend the time range from the micro/macro-kinetic time domain to the time scale of bond breaking and making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly I Frenkel
- Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, 245 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jeroen A van Bokhoven
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Paulistrasse 10, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Voronov A, Urakawa A, Beek WV, Tsakoumis NE, Emerich H, Rønning M. Multivariate curve resolution applied to in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy data: An efficient tool for data processing and analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 840:20-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
37
|
Chiarello GL, Nachtegaal M, Marchionni V, Quaroni L, Ferri D. Adding diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy capability to extended x-ray-absorption fine structure in a new cell to study solid catalysts in combination with a modulation approach. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:074102. [PMID: 25085153 DOI: 10.1063/1.4890668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel cell used to combine in situ transmission X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) in a single experiment. The novelty of the cell design compared to current examples is that both radiations are passed through an X-ray and IR transparent window in direct contact with the sample. This innovative geometry also offers a wide surface for IR collection. In order to avoid interference from the crystalline IR transparent materials (e.g., CaF2, MgF2, diamond) a 500 μm carbon filled hole is laser drilled in the center of a CaF2 window. The cell is designed to represent a plug flow reactor, has reduced dead volume in order to allow for fast exchange of gases and is therefore suitable for experiments under fast transients, e.g., according to the concentration modulation approach. High quality time-resolved XAS and DRIFTS data of a 2 wt.% Pt/Al2O3 catalyst are obtained in concentration modulation experiments where CO (or H2) pulses are alternated to O2 pulses at 150 °C. We show that additional information can be obtained on the Pt redox dynamic under working conditions thanks to the improved sensitivity given by the modulation approach followed by Phase Sensitive Detection (PSD) analysis. It is anticipated that the design of the novel cell is likely suitable for a number of other in situ spectroscopic and diffraction methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luca Chiarello
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via C. Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy and Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lab. for Solid State Chemistry and Catalysis, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Luca Quaroni
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Davide Ferri
- Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ferri D, Newton MA, Di Michiel M, Chiarello GL, Yoon S, Lu Y, Andrieux J. Revealing the Dynamic Structure of Complex Solid Catalysts Using Modulated Excitation X-ray Diffraction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
39
|
Ferri D, Newton MA, Di Michiel M, Chiarello GL, Yoon S, Lu Y, Andrieux J. Revealing the Dynamic Structure of Complex Solid Catalysts Using Modulated Excitation X-ray Diffraction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8890-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
40
|
Yao S, Mudiyanselage K, Xu W, Johnston-Peck AC, Hanson JC, Wu T, Stacchiola D, Rodriguez JA, Zhao H, Beyer KA, Chapman KW, Chupas PJ, Martínez-Arias A, Si R, Bolin TB, Liu W, Senanayake SD. Unraveling the Dynamic Nature of a CuO/CeO2 Catalyst for CO Oxidation in Operando: A Combined Study of XANES (Fluorescence) and DRIFTS. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs500148e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Yao
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Center for Computational Science & Engineering, and PKU Green Chemistry Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kumudu Mudiyanselage
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Wenqian Xu
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Aaron C. Johnston-Peck
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jonathan C. Hanson
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Tianpin Wu
- X-ray
Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Dario Stacchiola
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - José A. Rodriguez
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- X-ray
Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Kevin A. Beyer
- X-ray
Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Karena W. Chapman
- X-ray
Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peter J. Chupas
- X-ray
Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Arturo Martínez-Arias
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICP-CSIC), Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Rui Si
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Trudy B. Bolin
- X-ray
Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Wenjian Liu
- Center for Computational Science & Engineering, and PKU Green Chemistry Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sanjaya D. Senanayake
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Spanjers CS, Senftle TP, van Duin ACT, Janik MJ, Frenkel AI, Rioux RM. Illuminating surface atoms in nanoclusters by differential X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:26528-38. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02146k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We use differential extended X-ray absorption fine structure (Δ-EXAFS) to monitor the Ar-induced surface restructuring of silica-supported Pd nanoclusters (1 nm diameter) at 77 K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles S. Spanjers
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pennsylvania State University
- University Park, USA
| | - Thomas P. Senftle
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pennsylvania State University
- University Park, USA
| | - Adri C. T. van Duin
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering
- Pennsylvania State University
- University Park, USA
| | - Michael J. Janik
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pennsylvania State University
- University Park, USA
| | | | - Robert M. Rioux
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pennsylvania State University
- University Park, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sá J, Szlachetko J. Heterogeneous Catalysis Experiments at XFELs. Are we Close to Producing a Catalysis Movie? Catal Letters 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-013-1171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
43
|
König CFJ, Schuh P, Schildhauer TJ, Nachtegaal M. High-Temperature Sulfur Removal from Biomass-Derived Synthesis Gas over Bifunctional Molybdenum Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201300185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
44
|
König CF, Schildhauer TJ, Nachtegaal M. Methane synthesis and sulfur removal over a Ru catalyst probed in situ with high sensitivity X-ray absorption spectroscopy. J Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
45
|
Ferri D, Newton MA, Di Michiel M, Yoon S, Chiarello GL, Marchionni V, Matam SK, Aguirre MH, Weidenkaff A, Wen F, Gieshoff J. Synchrotron high energy X-ray methods coupled to phase sensitive analysis to characterize aging of solid catalysts with enhanced sensitivity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:8629-39. [PMID: 23657925 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44638g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction are suitable probes of the chemical state of a catalyst under working conditions but are limited to bulk information. Here we show in two case studies related to hydrothermal aging and chemical modification of model automotive catalysts that enhanced detailed information of structural changes can be obtained when the two methods are combined with a concentration modulated excitation (cME) approach and phase sensitive detection (PSD). The catalysts are subject to a modulation experiment consisting of the periodic variation of the gas feed composition to the catalyst and the time-resolved data are additionally treated by PSD. In the case of a 2 wt% Rh/Al2O3 catalyst, a very small fraction (ca. 2%) of Rh remaining exposed at the alumina surface after hydrothermal aging at 1273 K can be detected by PSD. This Rh is sensitive to the red-ox oscillations of the experiment and is likely responsible for the observed catalytic activity and selectivity during NO reduction by CO. In the case of a 1.6 wt% Pd/Al2O3-Ce(1-x)Zr(x)O2 catalyst, preliminary results of cME-XRD demonstrate that access to the kinetics of the whole material at work can be obtained. Both the red-ox processes involving the oxygen storage support and the Pd component can be followed with great precision. PSD enables the differentiation between Pd deposited on Al2O3 or on Ce(1-x)Zr(x)O2. Modification of the catalyst by phosphorous clearly induces loss of the structural dynamics required for oxygen storage capacity that is provided by the Ce(4+)/Ce(3+) pair. The two case studies demonstrate that detailed kinetics of subtle changes can be uncovered by the combination of in situ X-ray absorption and high energy diffraction methods with PSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferri
- Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Deutschmann O, Grunwaldt JD. Abgasnachbehandlung in mobilen Systemen: Stand der Technik, Herausforderungen und Perspektiven. CHEM-ING-TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201200188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
47
|
Bordiga S, Groppo E, Agostini G, van Bokhoven JA, Lamberti C. Reactivity of Surface Species in Heterogeneous Catalysts Probed by In Situ X-ray Absorption Techniques. Chem Rev 2013; 113:1736-850. [DOI: 10.1021/cr2000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Groppo
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Agostini
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, HCI E127 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry (LSK) Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Instituteaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Lamberti
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bounechada D, Fouladvand S, Kylhammar L, Pingel T, Olsson E, Skoglundh M, Gustafson J, Di Michiel M, Newton MA, Carlsson PA. Mechanisms behind sulfur promoted oxidation of methane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:8648-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44289f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
49
|
Stötzel J, Lützenkirchen-Hecht D, Grunwaldt JD, Frahm R. T-REX: new software for advanced QEXAFS data analysis. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2012; 19:920-929. [PMID: 23093750 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049512038599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
New approaches to analyze the data generated by modern time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy instrumentation are presented as part of a new analysis software to handle files containing typically a few thousand EXAFS spectra. Various filter techniques to remove high-frequency noise and run-away values are discussed as well as advanced analysis tools like linear combination fitting, EXAFS fitting, principal component analysis and phase-sensitive detection. These techniques were implemented in a user-friendly graphical user interface to analyse huge data files where it is not possible to treat each spectrum separately. New ideas to exploit existent tools more efficiently for time-resolved EXAFS data analysis are discussed theoretically as well as applied to real measurements, especially in situ catalytic experiments and surface-sensitive reflection-mode X-ray absorption studies of thin film growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Stötzel
- Fachbereich C-Physik, Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|