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Arroyo-Caire J, Diaz-Perez MA, Lara-Angulo MA, Serrano-Ruiz JC. A Conceptual Approach for the Design of New Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis: A Metal-Support Interactions Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2914. [PMID: 37999267 PMCID: PMC10674330 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in green ammonia production has spurred the development of new catalysts with the potential to carry out the Haber-Bosch process under mild pressure and temperature conditions. While there is a wide experimental background on new catalysts involving transition metals, supports and additives, the fundamentals behind ammonia synthesis performance on these catalysts remained partially unsolved. Here, we review the most important works developed to date and analyze the traditional catalysts for ammonia synthesis, as well as the influence of the electron transfer properties of the so-called 3rd-generation catalysts. Finally, the importance of metal-support interactions is highlighted as an effective pathway for the design of new materials with potential to carry out ammonia synthesis at low temperatures and pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juan Carlos Serrano-Ruiz
- Materials and Sustainability Group, Department of Engineering, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Avda. de las Universidades s/n, Dos Hermanas, 41704 Seville, Spain; (J.A.-C.); (M.A.D.-P.); (M.A.L.-A.)
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Yu X, Cheng Y, Li Y, Polo-Garzon F, Liu J, Mamontov E, Li M, Lennon D, Parker SF, Ramirez-Cuesta AJ, Wu Z. Neutron Scattering Studies of Heterogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 37315192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the structural dynamics/evolution of catalysts and the related surface chemistry is essential for establishing structure-catalysis relationships, where spectroscopic and scattering tools play a crucial role. Among many such tools, neutron scattering, though less-known, has a unique power for investigating catalytic phenomena. Since neutrons interact with the nuclei of matter, the neutron-nucleon interaction provides unique information on light elements (mainly hydrogen), neighboring elements, and isotopes, which are complementary to X-ray and photon-based techniques. Neutron vibrational spectroscopy has been the most utilized neutron scattering approach for heterogeneous catalysis research by providing chemical information on surface/bulk species (mostly H-containing) and reaction chemistry. Neutron diffraction and quasielastic neutron scattering can also supply important information on catalyst structures and dynamics of surface species. Other neutron approaches, such as small angle neutron scattering and neutron imaging, have been much less used but still give distinctive catalytic information. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in neutron scattering investigations of heterogeneous catalysis, focusing on surface adsorbates, reaction mechanisms, and catalyst structural changes revealed by neutron spectroscopy, diffraction, quasielastic neutron scattering, and other neutron techniques. Perspectives are also provided on the challenges and future opportunities in neutron scattering studies of heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbin Yu
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37381, United States
| | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37381, United States
| | - Felipe Polo-Garzon
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37381, United States
| | - Jue Liu
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Eugene Mamontov
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Meijun Li
- Manufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - David Lennon
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Stewart F Parker
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Anibal J Ramirez-Cuesta
- Neutron Technologies Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Zili Wu
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37381, United States
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
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Guan Y, Liu C, Wang Q, Gao W, Hansen HA, Guo J, Vegge T, Chen P. Transition‐Metal‐Free Barium Hydride Mediates Dinitrogen Fixation and Ammonia Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205805. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeqin Guan
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Chuangwei Liu
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Qianru Wang
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Wenbo Gao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Heine Anton Hansen
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Jianping Guo
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Tejs Vegge
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Ping Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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Pereira RL, Hu W, Metcalfe IS. Impact of Gas-Solid Reaction Thermodynamics on the Performance of a Chemical Looping Ammonia Synthesis Process. ENERGY & FUELS : AN AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 2022; 36:9757-9767. [PMID: 36081854 PMCID: PMC9442650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c01372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Novel ammonia catalysts seek to achieve high reaction rates under milder conditions, which translate into lower costs and energy requirements. Alkali and alkaline earth metal hydrides have been shown to possess such favorable kinetics when employed in a chemical looping process. The materials act as nitrogen carriers and form ammonia by alternating between pure nitrogen and hydrogen feeds in a two-stage chemical looping reaction. However, the thermodynamics of the novel reaction route in question are only partially available. Here, a chemical looping process was designed and simulated to evaluate the sensitivity of the energy and economic performance of the processes toward the appropriate gas-solid reaction thermodynamics. Thermodynamic parameters, such as reaction pressure and especially equilibrium ammonia yields, influenced the performance of the system. In comparison to a commercial ammonia synthesis unit with a 28% yield at 150 bar, the chemical looping process requires a yield greater than 38% to achieve similar energy consumptions and a yield greater than 26% to achieve similar costs at a given temperature and 150 bar. Entropies and enthalpies of formation of the following pairs were estimated and compared: LiH/Li2NH, MgH2/MgNH, CaH2/CaNH, SrH2/SrNH, and BaH2/BaNH. Only the LiH/Li2NH pair has satisfied the given criteria, and initial estimates suggest that a 62% yield is obtainable.
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Guan Y, Liu C, Wang Q, Gao W, Hansen HA, Guo J, Vegge T, Chen P. Transition‐Metal‐Free Barium Hydride Mediates Dinitrogen Fixation and Ammonia Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeqin Guan
- DICP: Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Hydrogen energy and advanced materials CHINA
| | - Chuangwei Liu
- Technical University of Denmark: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Department of Energy Conversion and Storage DENMARK
| | - Qianru Wang
- DICP: Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Department of Energy Conversion and Storage CHINA
| | - Wenbo Gao
- DICP: Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Hydrogen energy and advanced materials CHINA
| | - Heine Anton Hansen
- Technical University of Denmark: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Department of Energy Conversion and Storage DENMARK
| | - Jianping Guo
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Hydrogen energy and advanced materials 457 Zhongshan Road 116023 Dalian CHINA
| | - Tejs Vegge
- Technical University of Denmark: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet Department of Energy Conversion and Storage DENMARK
| | - Ping Chen
- DICP: Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Hydrogen energy and advanced materials CHINA
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