1
|
Yang Z, Huang Z, Cao L. Biotransformation technology and high-value application of rapeseed meal: a review. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:103. [PMID: 38647572 PMCID: PMC10991624 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00586-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed meal (RSM) is an agro-industrial residue of increased functional biological value that contains high-quality proteins for animal feed. Due to the presence of antinutritional factors and immature development technology, RSM is currently used as a limited feed additive and in other relatively low-value applications. With increasing emphasis on green and sustainable industrial development and the added value of agro-industrial residues, considerable attention has been directed to the removal of antinutritional factors from RSM using high-efficiency, environment-friendly, and cost-effective biotechnology. Similarly, the high-value biotransformations of RSM have been the focus of research programmes to improve utilization rate. In this review, we introduce the sources, the nutrient and antinutrient content of RSM, and emphasize improvements on RSM feed quality using biological methods and its biotransformation applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfeng Yang
- School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Zunxi Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
- School of Energy and Environmental Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Yunnan for Biomass Energy and Biotechnology of Environment, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China.
- College of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768 Juxian Street, Chenggong, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lijuan Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan Normal University, No. 768 Juxian Street, Chenggong, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhinder G, Sharma S, Kaur H, Akhatar J, Mittal M, Sandhu S. Genomic Regions Associated With Seed Meal Quality Traits in Brassica napus Germplasm. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:882766. [PMID: 35909769 PMCID: PMC9333065 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.882766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The defatted Brassica napus (rapeseed) meal can be high-protein feed for livestock as the protein value of rapeseed meal is higher than that of the majority of other vegetable proteins. Extensive work has already been carried out on developing canola rapeseed where the focus was on reducing erucic acid and glucosinolate content, with less consideration to other antinutritional factors such as tannin, phytate, sinapine, crude fiber, etc. The presence of these antinutrients limits the use and marketing of rapeseed meals and a significant amount of it goes unused and ends up as waste. We investigated the genetic architecture of crude protein, methionine, tryptophan, total phenols, β-carotene, glucosinolates (GLSs), phytate, tannins, sinapine, and crude fiber content of defatted seed meal samples by conducting a genome-wide association study (GWAS), using a diversity panel comprising 96 B. napus genotypes. Genotyping by sequencing was used to identify 77,889 SNPs, spread over 19 chromosomes. Genetic diversity and phenotypic variations were generally high for the studied traits. A total of eleven genotypes were identified which showed high-quality protein, high antioxidants, and lower amount of antinutrients. A significant negative correlation between protein and limiting amino acids and a significant positive correlation between GLS and phytic acid were observed. General and mixed linear models were used to estimate the association between the SNP markers and the seed quality traits and quantile-quantile (QQ) plots were generated to allow the best-fit algorithm. Annotation of genomic regions around associated SNPs helped to predict various trait-related candidates such as ASP2 and EMB1027 (amino acid biosynthesis); HEMA2, GLU1, and PGM (tryptophan biosynthesis); MS3, CYSD1, and MTO1 (methionine biosynthesis); LYC (β-carotene biosynthesis); HDR and ISPF (MEP pathway); COS1 (riboflavin synthesis); UGT (phenolics biosynthesis); NAC073 (cellulose and hemicellulose biosynthesis); CYT1 (cellulose biosynthesis); BGLU45 and BGLU46 (lignin biosynthesis); SOT12 and UGT88A1 (flavonoid pathway); and CYP79A2, DIN2, and GSTT2 (GLS metabolism), etc. The functional validation of these candidate genes could confirm key seed meal quality genes for germplasm enhancement programs directed at improving protein quality and reducing the antinutritional components in B. napus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjula Sharma
- Oilseeds Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | | | - Javed Akhatar
- Oilseeds Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Naik BJ, Shimoga G, Kim SC, Manjulatha M, Subramanyam Reddy C, Palem RR, Kumar M, Kim SY, Lee SH. CRISPR/Cas9 and Nanotechnology Pertinence in Agricultural Crop Refinement. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:843575. [PMID: 35463432 PMCID: PMC9024397 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.843575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9) method is a versatile technique that can be applied in crop refinement. Currently, the main reasons for declining agricultural yield are global warming, low rainfall, biotic and abiotic stresses, in addition to soil fertility issues caused by the use of harmful chemicals as fertilizers/additives. The declining yields can lead to inadequate supply of nutritional food as per global demand. Grains and horticultural crops including fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants are crucial in sustaining human life. Genomic editing using CRISPR/Cas9 and nanotechnology has numerous advantages in crop development. Improving crop production using transgenic-free CRISPR/Cas9 technology and produced fertilizers, pesticides, and boosters for plants by adopting nanotechnology-based protocols can essentially overcome the universal food scarcity. This review briefly gives an overview on the potential applications of CRISPR/Cas9 and nanotechnology-based methods in developing the cultivation of major agricultural crops. In addition, the limitations and major challenges of genome editing in grains, vegetables, and fruits have been discussed in detail by emphasizing its applications in crop refinement strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Banavath Jayanna Naik
- Research Institute of Climate Change and Agriculture, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeju, South Korea
| | - Ganesh Shimoga
- Interaction Laboratory, Future Convergence Engineering, Advanced Technology Research Center, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Seong-Cheol Kim
- Research Institute of Climate Change and Agriculture, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeju, South Korea
| | | | | | | | - Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Youn Kim
- Interaction Laboratory, Future Convergence Engineering, Advanced Technology Research Center, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan-si, South Korea
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Breeding Canola ( Brassica napus L.) for Protein in Feed and Food. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102220. [PMID: 34686029 PMCID: PMC8539702 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Interest in canola (Brassica napus L.). In response to this interest, scientists have been tasked with altering and optimizing the protein production chain to ensure canola proteins are safe for consumption and economical to produce. Specifically, the role of plant breeders in developing suitable varieties with the necessary protein profiles is crucial to this interdisciplinary endeavour. In this article, we aim to provide an overarching review of the canola protein chain from the perspective of a plant breeder, spanning from the genetic regulation of seed storage proteins in the crop to advancements of novel breeding technologies and their application in improving protein quality in canola. A review on the current uses of canola meal in animal husbandry is presented to underscore potential limitations for the consumption of canola meal in mammals. General discussions on the allergenic potential of canola proteins and the regulation of novel food products are provided to highlight some of the challenges that will be encountered on the road to commercialization and general acceptance of canola protein as a dietary protein source.
Collapse
|
5
|
QTL Genetic Mapping Study for Traits Affecting Meal Quality in Winter Oilseed Rape ( Brassica Napus L.). Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081235. [PMID: 34440409 PMCID: PMC8394057 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) meal is an important source of protein, but the presence of anti-nutritional compounds, such as fibre and glucosinolates, still limits its use as a livestock feed. Understanding the genetic basis of seed fibre biosynthesis would help to manipulate its content in seeds of oilseed rape. Here, we applied high-resolution skim genotyping by sequencing (SkimGBS) and characterised 187,835 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers across a mapping population subsequently used for a genetic mapping study (R/qtl). This approach allowed the identification of 11 stable QTL related to seed quality traits and led to the identification of potential functional genes underlying these traits. Among these, key genes with a known role in carbohydrate metabolic process, cell wall, lignin, and flavonoid biosynthesis, including cellulase GH5, TT10/LAC15, TT4, and SUC2, were found. This study furthers the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying seed fibre content and provides new markers for molecular breeding in B. napus.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rajavel A, Klees S, Schlüter JS, Bertram H, Lu K, Schmitt AO, Gültas M. Unravelling the Complex Interplay of Transcription Factors Orchestrating Seed Oil Content in Brassica napus L. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1033. [PMID: 33494188 PMCID: PMC7864344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) and their complex interplay are essential for directing specific genetic programs, such as responses to environmental stresses, tissue development, or cell differentiation by regulating gene expression. Knowledge regarding TF-TF cooperations could be promising in gaining insight into the developmental switches between the cultivars of Brassica napus L., namely Zhongshuang11 (ZS11), a double-low accession with high-oil- content, and Zhongyou821 (ZY821), a double-high accession with low-oil-content. In this regard, we analysed a time series RNA-seq data set of seed tissue from both of the cultivars by mainly focusing on the monotonically expressed genes (MEGs). The consideration of the MEGs enables the capturing of multi-stage progression processes that are orchestrated by the cooperative TFs and, thus, facilitates the understanding of the molecular mechanisms determining seed oil content. Our findings show that TF families, such as NAC, MYB, DOF, GATA, and HD-ZIP are highly involved in the seed developmental process. Particularly, their preferential partner choices as well as changes in their gene expression profiles seem to be strongly associated with the differentiation of the oil content between the two cultivars. These findings are essential in enhancing our understanding of the genetic programs in both cultivars and developing novel hypotheses for further experimental studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abirami Rajavel
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (A.R.); (S.K.); (J.-S.S.); (H.B.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Selina Klees
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (A.R.); (S.K.); (J.-S.S.); (H.B.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Johanna-Sophie Schlüter
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (A.R.); (S.K.); (J.-S.S.); (H.B.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Hendrik Bertram
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (A.R.); (S.K.); (J.-S.S.); (H.B.); (A.O.S.)
| | - Kun Lu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China;
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology, Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Armin Otto Schmitt
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (A.R.); (S.K.); (J.-S.S.); (H.B.); (A.O.S.)
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, Georg-August University, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Gültas
- Breeding Informatics Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Georg-August University, Margarethe von Wrangell-Weg 7, 37075 Göttingen, Germany; (A.R.); (S.K.); (J.-S.S.); (H.B.); (A.O.S.)
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, Georg-August University, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chandra AK, Kumar A, Bharati A, Joshi R, Agrawal A, Kumar S. Microbial-assisted and genomic-assisted breeding: a two way approach for the improvement of nutritional quality traits in agricultural crops. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:2. [PMID: 31824813 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1994-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Both human and animals, for their nutritional requirements, mainly rely on the plant-based foods, which provide a wide range of nutrients. Minerals, proteins, vitamins are among the nutrients which are essential and need to be available in adequate amount in edible portion of the staple crops. Increasing nutritional content in staple crops either through agronomic biofortification or through conventional plant-breeding strategies continue to be a huge task for scientists around the globe. Although some success has been achieved in recent past, in most cases, we have fallen short of expected targets. To maximize the nutrient uptake and partitioning to different economic part of plants, scientists have employed and tailored several biofortification strategies. But in present agricultural and environmental concerns, these approaches are not much effective. Henceforth, we are highlighting the recent developments and promising aspects of microbial-assisted and genomic-assisted breeding as candidate biofortification approach, that have contributed significantly in increasing nutritional content in grains of different crops. The methods used to date to accomplish nutrient enrichment with recently emerging strategies that we believe could be the most promising and holistic approach for future biofortification program. Results are encouraging, but for future perspective, the existing knowledge about the strategies needs to be confined. Concerted scientific investment are required to widen up these biofortification strategies, so that it could play an important role in ensuring nutritional security of ever-growing population in growing agricultural and environmental constraints.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhou XR, Li J, Wan X, Hua W, Singh S. Harnessing Biotechnology for the Development of New Seed Lipid Traits in Brassica. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:1197-1204. [PMID: 31076774 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The seed oil quality of Brassica oilseed species has been improved in the last few decades, using conventional breeding approaches. Modern biotechnology has enabled the significant development of new seed lipid traits in many oil crops. Alternation of seed lipid component with gene knockout by RNAi gene silencing, artificial microRNA or gene editing within the crop is relative straightforward. Introducing a new pathway from an exogenous source via biotechnology enables the creation of a new trait, where the biosynthetic pathway for such a new trait is not available in the host crop. This review updates the recent development of new seed lipid traits in six major Brassica species and highlights the capability of biotechnology to improve the composition of important fatty acids for both industrial and nutritional purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Wan
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tan H, Zhang J, Qi X, Shi X, Zhou J, Wang X, Xiang X. Correlation analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome reveals the regulatory network for lipid synthesis in developing Brassica napus embryos. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:31-44. [PMID: 30519824 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-018-0800-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we explored the key molecular networks for oil biosynthesis with the transcriptome and metabolome of B. napus embryo at different developmental stages. Brassica napus (B. napus) is an important oil crop worldwide, yet the molecular pathways involved in oil biosynthesis in seeds are not fully understood. In this study, we performed a combined investigation of the gene expression profiles and metabolite content in B. napus seeds at 21, 28 and 35 days after flowering (DAF), when seed oil biosynthesis takes place. The total triacylglycerol (TAG) content in seed embryos increased over the course of seed maturation, and was accompanied by changes in the fatty acid profile, an increase in lipid droplets, and a reduction in starch grains. Metabolome analysis showed that the total amino acid, free fatty acid and organic acid contents in seed embryos decreased during seed maturation. In total, the abundance of 76 metabolites was significantly different between 21 and 28 DAF, and 68 metabolites changed in abundance between 28 and 35 DAF. Transcriptome analysis showed that the set of genes differentially expressed between stages was significantly enriched in those related to lipid metabolism, transport, protein and RNA metabolism, development and signaling, covering most steps of plant lipid biosynthesis and metabolism. Importantly, the metabolite and gene expression profiles were closely correlated during seed development, especially those associated with TAG and fatty acid biosynthesis. Further, the expression of major carbohydrate metabolism-regulating genes was closely correlated with carbohydrate content during seed maturation. Our results provide novel insights into the regulation of oil biosynthesis in B. napus seeds and highlights the coordination of gene expression and metabolism in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Jiahuan Zhang
- Plant Sciences Division, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Xiao Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Xiaoli Shi
- Animal Sciences National Teaching Demonstration Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianguo Zhou
- Animal Sciences National Teaching Demonstration Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xingchun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Xiaoe Xiang
- Animal Sciences National Teaching Demonstration Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li X, Yang R, Lv C, Chen L, Zhang L, Ding X, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Hu C, Li P. Effect of Chlorophyll on Lipid Oxidation of Rapeseed Oil. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201800078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China
- Pharmaceutical College of Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437100China
| | - Ruinan Yang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
| | - Chunling Lv
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
| | - Lin Chen
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China
- Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products (Wuhan), Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
| | - Liangxiao Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China
- Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products (Wuhan), Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio‐ResourcesWuhan 430062China
| | - Xiaoxia Ding
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China
- Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products (Wuhan), Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
| | - Chundi Hu
- Pharmaceutical College of Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437100China
| | - Peiwu Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China
- Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Oilseeds Products (Wuhan), Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
- Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
- Quality Inspection and Test Center for Oilseed Products, Ministry of AgricultureWuhan 430062China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Petersen A, Wang C, Crocoll C, Halkier BA. Biotechnological approaches in glucosinolate production. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 60:1231-1248. [PMID: 30080309 PMCID: PMC6585788 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GLSs) are sulfur-rich, amino acid-derived defense compounds characteristic of the Brassicales order. In the past, GLSs were mostly known as anti-nutritional factors in fodder, biopesticides in agriculture, and flavors in condiments such as mustard. However, in recent times, GLSs have received increased attention as promoters of human health. This has spurred intensive research towards generating rich sources of health-promoting GLSs. We provide a comprehensive overview of the biotechnological approaches applied to reach this goal. This includes optimization of GLS production and composition in native, GLS-producing plants, including hairy root and cell cultures thereof, as well as synthetic biology approaches in heterologous hosts, such as tobacco and the microbial organisms Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The progress using these different approaches is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Petersen
- DynaMo CenterCopenhagen Plant Science CentreDepartment of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 401871 Frederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Cuiwei Wang
- DynaMo CenterCopenhagen Plant Science CentreDepartment of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 401871 Frederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Christoph Crocoll
- DynaMo CenterCopenhagen Plant Science CentreDepartment of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 401871 Frederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Barbara Ann Halkier
- DynaMo CenterCopenhagen Plant Science CentreDepartment of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 401871 Frederiksberg CDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gacek K, Bartkowiak-Broda I, Batley J. Genetic and Molecular Regulation of Seed Storage Proteins (SSPs) to Improve Protein Nutritional Value of Oilseed Rape ( Brassica napus L.) Seeds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:890. [PMID: 30013586 PMCID: PMC6036235 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The world-wide demand for additional protein sources for human nutrition and animal feed keeps rising due to rapidly growing world population. Oilseed rape is a second important oil producing crop and the by-product of the oil production is a protein rich meal. The protein in rapeseed meal finds its application in animal feed and various industrial purposes, but its improvement is of great interest, especially for non-ruminants and poultry feed. To be able to manipulate the quality and quantity of seed protein in oilseed rape, understanding genetic architecture of seed storage protein (SSPs) synthesis and accumulation in this crop species is of great interest. For this, application of modern molecular breeding tools such as whole genome sequencing, genotyping, association mapping, and genome editing methods implemented in oilseed rape seed protein improvement would be of great interest. This review examines current knowledge and opportunities to manipulate of SSPs in oilseed rape to improve its quality, quantity and digestibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gacek
- Oilseed Crops Research Centre, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Bartkowiak-Broda
- Oilseed Crops Research Centre, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Jacqueline Batley,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hettwer K, Böttcher C, Frolov A, Mittasch J, Albert A, von Roepenack-Lahaye E, Strack D, Milkowski C. Dynamic metabolic changes in seeds and seedlings of Brassica napus (oilseed rape) suppressing UGT84A9 reveal plasticity and molecular regulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2016; 124:46-57. [PMID: 26833384 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In Brassica napus, suppression of the key biosynthetic enzyme UDP-glucose:sinapic acid glucosyltransferase (UGT84A9) inhibits the biosynthesis of sinapine (sinapoylcholine), the major phenolic component of seeds. Based on the accumulation kinetics of a total of 158 compounds (110 secondary and 48 primary metabolites), we investigated how suppression of the major sink pathway of sinapic acid impacts the metabolome of developing seeds and seedlings. In UGT84A9-suppressing (UGT84A9i) lines massive alterations became evident in late stages of seed development affecting the accumulation levels of 58 secondary and 7 primary metabolites. UGT84A9i seeds were characterized by decreased amounts of various hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA) esters, and increased formation of sinapic and syringic acid glycosides. This indicates glycosylation and β-oxidation as metabolic detoxification strategies to bypass intracellular accumulation of sinapic acid. In addition, a net loss of sinapic acid upon UGT84A9 suppression may point to a feedback regulation of HCA biosynthesis. Surprisingly, suppression of UGT84A9 under control of the seed-specific NAPINC promoter was maintained in cotyledons during the first two weeks of seedling development and associated with a reduced and delayed transformation of sinapine into sinapoylmalate. The lack of sinapoylmalate did not interfere with plant fitness under UV-B stress. Increased UV-B radiation triggered the accumulation of quercetin conjugates whereas the sinapoylmalate level was not affected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Hettwer
- Department of Secondary Metabolism, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christoph Böttcher
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Strasse 19, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Department of Secondary Metabolism, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Juliane Mittasch
- Department of Secondary Metabolism, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Crop Plant Research (IZN), Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andreas Albert
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Edda von Roepenack-Lahaye
- Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dieter Strack
- Department of Secondary Metabolism, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Carsten Milkowski
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Interdisciplinary Center for Crop Plant Research (IZN), Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abdallah NA, Prakash CS, McHughen AG. Genome editing for crop improvement: Challenges and opportunities. GM CROPS & FOOD 2015; 6:183-205. [PMID: 26930114 PMCID: PMC5033222 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2015.1129937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Genome or gene editing includes several new techniques to help scientists precisely modify genome sequences. The techniques also enables us to alter the regulation of gene expression patterns in a pre-determined region and facilitates novel insights into the functional genomics of an organism. Emergence of genome editing has brought considerable excitement especially among agricultural scientists because of its simplicity, precision and power as it offers new opportunities to develop improved crop varieties with clear-cut addition of valuable traits or removal of undesirable traits. Research is underway to improve crop varieties with higher yields, strengthen stress tolerance, disease and pest resistance, decrease input costs, and increase nutritional value. Genome editing encompasses a wide variety of tools using either a site-specific recombinase (SSR) or a site-specific nuclease (SSN) system. Both systems require recognition of a known sequence. The SSN system generates single or double strand DNA breaks and activates endogenous DNA repair pathways. SSR technology, such as Cre/loxP and Flp/FRT mediated systems, are able to knockdown or knock-in genes in the genome of eukaryotes, depending on the orientation of the specific sites (loxP, FLP, etc.) flanking the target site. There are 4 main classes of SSN developed to cleave genomic sequences, mega-nucleases (homing endonuclease), zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and the CRISPR/Cas nuclease system (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated protein). The recombinase mediated genome engineering depends on recombinase (sub-) family and target-site and induces high frequencies of homologous recombination. Improving crops with gene editing provides a range of options: by altering only a few nucleotides from billions found in the genomes of living cells, altering the full allele or by inserting a new gene in a targeted region of the genome. Due to its precision, gene editing is more precise than either conventional crop breeding methods or standard genetic engineering methods. Thus this technology is a very powerful tool that can be used toward securing the world's food supply. In addition to improving the nutritional value of crops, it is the most effective way to produce crops that can resist pests and thrive in tough climates. There are 3 types of modifications produced by genome editing; Type I includes altering a few nucleotides, Type II involves replacing an allele with a pre-existing one and Type III allows for the insertion of new gene(s) in predetermined regions in the genome. Because most genome-editing techniques can leave behind traces of DNA alterations evident in a small number of nucleotides, crops created through gene editing could avoid the stringent regulation procedures commonly associated with GM crop development. For this reason many scientists believe plants improved with the more precise gene editing techniques will be more acceptable to the public than transgenic plants. With genome editing comes the promise of new crops being developed more rapidly with a very low risk of off-target effects. It can be performed in any laboratory with any crop, even those that have complex genomes and are not easily bred using conventional methods.
Collapse
|
15
|
Voytas DF, Gao C. Precision genome engineering and agriculture: opportunities and regulatory challenges. PLoS Biol 2014; 12:e1001877. [PMID: 24915127 PMCID: PMC4051594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant agriculture is poised at a technological inflection point. Recent advances in genome engineering make it possible to precisely alter DNA sequences in living cells, providing unprecedented control over a plant's genetic material. Potential future crops derived through genome engineering include those that better withstand pests, that have enhanced nutritional value, and that are able to grow on marginal lands. In many instances, crops with such traits will be created by altering only a few nucleotides among the billions that comprise plant genomes. As such, and with the appropriate regulatory structures in place, crops created through genome engineering might prove to be more acceptable to the public than plants that carry foreign DNA in their genomes. Public perception and the performance of the engineered crop varieties will determine the extent to which this powerful technology contributes towards securing the world's food supply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Voytas
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development and Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DFV); (CG)
| | - Caixia Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (DFV); (CG)
| |
Collapse
|