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Abstract
Germline editing, the process by which the genome of an individual is edited in such a way that the change is heritable, has been applied to a wide variety of animals [D. A. Sorrell, A. F. Kolb, Biotechnol. Adv. 23, 431-469 (2005); D. Baltimore et al., Science 348, 36-38 (2015)]. Because of its relevancy in agricultural and biomedical research, the pig genome has been extensively modified using a multitude of technologies [K. Lee, K. Farrell, K. Uh, Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 32, 40-49 (2019); C. Proudfoot, S. Lillico, C. Tait-Burkard, Anim. Front. 9, 6-12 (2019)]. In this perspective, we will focus on using pigs as the model system to review the current methodologies, applications, and challenges of mammalian germline genome editing. We will also discuss the broad implications of animal germline editing and its clinical potential.
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McDonald R, Sadler C, Kumar TR. Gain-of-Function Genetic Models to Study FSH Action. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:28. [PMID: 30792692 PMCID: PMC6374295 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a pituitary-derived gonadotropin that plays key roles in male and female reproduction. The physiology and biochemistry of FSH have been extensively studied for many years. Beginning in the early 1990s, coincident with advances in the then emerging transgenic animal technology, and continuing till today, several gain-of-function (GOF) models have been developed to understand FSH homeostasis in a physiological context. Our group and others have generated a number of FSH ligand and receptor GOF mouse models. An FSH GOF model when combined with Fshb null mice provides a powerful genetic rescue platform. In this chapter, we discuss different GOF models for FSH synthesis, secretion and action and describe additional novel genetic models that could be developed in the future to further refine the existing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary McDonald
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, IL, United States
- Integrated Physiology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAurora, IL, United States
| | - Carolyn Sadler
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, IL, United States
| | - T. Rajendra Kumar
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, IL, United States
- Integrated Physiology Graduate Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAurora, IL, United States
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAurora, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: T. Rajendra Kumar
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Jiang K, Xu P, Li W, Yang Q, Li L, Qiao C, Gong H, Zheng H, Zhou Z, Fu H, Li Q, Xing Y, Ren J. The increased expression of follicle-stimulating hormone leads to a decrease of fecundity in transgenic Large White female pigs. Transgenic Res 2017. [PMID: 28631185 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-017-0026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a pituitary gonadotropin regulating reproduction in mammals. Overexpression of the exogenous FSHα/β genes from Chinese Erhualian pigs improved female fecundity of transgenic (TG) mice and male spermatogenesis ability of Large White TG boars. Here, we investigated the impact of the exogenous FSHα/β genes on female reproductive performance of Large White TG pigs. First, we identified the integration site of the exogenous FSHα/β genes at 140,646,456 bp on chromosome 9 in these TG pigs using whole-genome sequencing. Then, we showed that TG gilts had higher levels of serum FSH and FSHβ protein in pituitary while had a potentially lower number of born piglets than their wild-type half sibs. TG gilts grew healthily and normally without significant difference in growth and health parameters as compared to WT gilts. The expression levels of FSHR, LHR, ESR1 and ESR2 were significantly lower in TG gilts than in WT gilts at the age of 300 days. Taken together, we proposed that the overexpressed FSHα/β transgenes could cause deteriorate fecundity via disturbing the normal expression of the endogenous reproduction-related genes in female pigs. Our findings provide insight into the effect of overexpression of FSHα/β on female reproduction performance in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Longyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanmin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanfa Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, People's Republic of China
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