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Ning K, Gao R. Icariin protects cerebral neural cells from ischemia‑reperfusion injury in an in vitro model by lowering ROS production and intracellular calcium concentration. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:151. [PMID: 36911386 PMCID: PMC9995791 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia is one of the major causes of stroke. The present study investigated the protection of cultured neural cells by icariin (ICA) against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and possible mechanisms underlying the protection. Neural cells were isolated from neonatal rats and cultured in vitro. The cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD-R) as an I/R mimic to generate I/R injury, and were post-OGD-R treated with ICA. Following the treatments, cell viability, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Ca2+ concentration were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, CyQUANT™ LDH Cytotoxicity Assay, H2DCFDA and SOD colorimetric activity kit. After OGD-R, considerable I/R injury was observed in the neural cells, as indicated by reduced cell viability, increased apoptosis and increased production of ROS and LDH (P<0.05). Cellular Ca2+ concentration was also increased, while SOD activity remained unchanged. Post-OGD-R ICA treatments increased cell viability up to 87.1% (P<0.05) and reduced apoptosis as low as 6.6% (P<0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner. The treatments also resulted in fewer ROS (P<0.05), lower extracellular LDH content (440.5 vs. 230.3 U/l; P<0.05) and reduced Ca2+ increase (P<0.05). These data suggest that ICA protects the neural cells from I/R injury in an in vitro model through antioxidation activity and maintaining cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. This function may be explored as a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemia-related diseases after further in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ning
- Department of International Medicine, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P.R. China
| | - Rong Gao
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, P.R. China
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Yin M, Wang N, Wang Q, Xia H, Cheng X, Hu H, Zhang Z, Liu H. Cloning and expression of recombinant human superoxide dismutase 1 (hSOD1) in Bacillus subtilis 1012. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:125-135. [PMID: 36469194 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03319-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to clone and express the human Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (hSOD1) in Bacillus subtilis 1012. Also, we investigated the expression level of hSOD1 under different induction conditions. RESULT As an essential member of the antioxidant defense system in vivo, hSOD1 has become a therapeutic agent against host diseases, such as oxygen toxicity, acute inflammation, and radiation injury. The recombinant hSOD1 was successfully secreted extracellularly into B. subtilis 1012. The expression conditions were optimized, including inoculum size, different media, temperatures, and inducer concentrations. Finally, the highest level of hSOD1 was produced as a soluble form in Super rich medium by 2% inoculum with 0.2 mM of IPTG at 37 °C after the induction for 24 h. Besides, 20 g/L of lactose also displayed the same inductive effect on hSOD1 expression as that of IPTG (0.2 mM). Finally, the specific activity of purified hSOD1 was determined to be 1625 U/mg in the presence of 800 μM of Cu2+ and 20 μM of Zn2+. CONCLUSIONS We propose that the B. subtilis 1012-hSOD1 strain system has great potential in future industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Yin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Nian Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Sun YAT-SEN University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xia
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Cheng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China.
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Rg1 Protects Hematopoietic Stem Cells from LiCl-Induced Oxidative Stress via Wnt Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2875583. [PMID: 35388306 PMCID: PMC8977299 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2875583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Ginsenoside Rg1 is a major component of ginseng with antioxidative and antiaging effects, which is a traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, we investigated the potential spillover and mechanism of action of Rg1 on LiCl-driven hematopoietic stem cell aging. Results Collect the purified Sca-1+ hematopoietic cells for differentiation ability detection and biochemical and molecular labeling. The experiment found that Rg1 plays an antiaging role in reversing the SA-β-gal staining associated with LiCl-induced hematopoietic stem cell senescence, the increase in p53 and p21 proteins, and sustained DNA damage. At the same time, Rg1 protects hematopoietic cells from the reduced differentiation ability caused by LiCl. In addition, Rg1 increased the excessive inhibition of intracellular GSK-3β protein, resulting in the maintenance of β-catenin protein levels in hematopoietic cells after LiCl treatment. Then, the target gene level of β-catenin can be maintained. Conclusions Rg1 exerts the pharmacological effect of maintaining the activity of GSK-3β in Sca-1+ hematopoietic cells, enhances the antioxidant potential of cells, improves the redox homeostasis, and thus protects cells from the decline in differentiation ability caused by aging. This study provides a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce stem cell pool failure caused by chronic oxidative damage to hematopoietic stem cells.
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Use of Genome Editing Techniques to Produce Transgenic Farm Animals. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1354:279-297. [PMID: 34807447 PMCID: PMC9810480 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85686-1_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant proteins are essential for the treatment and diagnosis of clinical human ailments. The availability and biological activity of recombinant proteins is heavily influenced by production platforms. Conventional production platforms such as yeast, bacteria, and mammalian cells have biological and economical challenges. Transgenic livestock species have been explored as an alternative production platform for recombinant proteins, predominantly through milk secretion; the strategy has been demonstrated to produce large quantities of biologically active proteins. The major limitation of utilizing livestock species as bioreactors has been efforts required to alter the genome of livestock. Advancements in the genome editing field have drastically improved the ability to genetically engineer livestock species. Specifically, genome editing tools such as the CRISPR/Cas9 system have lowered efforts required to generate genetically engineered livestock, thus minimizing restrictions on the type of genetic modification in livestock. In this review, we discuss characteristics of transgenic animal bioreactors and how the use of genome editing systems enhances design and availability of the animal models.
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Skrzyszowska M, Samiec M. Generating Cloned Goats by Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer-Molecular Determinants and Application to Transgenics and Biomedicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147490. [PMID: 34299109 PMCID: PMC8306346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus), a mammalian species with high genetic merit for production of milk and meat, can be a tremendously valuable tool for transgenic research. This research is focused on the production and multiplication of genetically engineered or genome-edited cloned specimens by applying somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which is a dynamically developing assisted reproductive technology (ART). The efficiency of generating the SCNT-derived embryos, conceptuses, and progeny in goats was found to be determined by a variety of factors controlling the biological, molecular, and epigenetic events. On the one hand, the pivotal objective of our paper was to demonstrate the progress and the state-of-the-art achievements related to the innovative and highly efficient solutions used for the creation of transgenic cloned does and bucks. On the other hand, this review seeks to highlight not only current goals and obstacles but also future challenges to be faced by the approaches applied to propagate genetically modified SCNT-derived goats for the purposes of pharmacology, biomedicine, nutritional biotechnology, the agri-food industry, and modern livestock breeding.
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Islam MN, Rauf A, Fahad FI, Emran TB, Mitra S, Olatunde A, Shariati MA, Rebezov M, Rengasamy KRR, Mubarak MS. Superoxide dismutase: an updated review on its health benefits and industrial applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7282-7300. [PMID: 33905274 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1913400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many short-lived and highly reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are toxic or can create oxidative stress in cells, a response involved in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases depending on their concentration, location, and cellular conditions. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities as an endogenous and exogenous cell defense mechanism include the potential use in treating various diseases, improving the potential use in treating various diseases, and improving food-stuffs preparation dietary supplements human nutrition. Published work indicates that SOD regulates oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidation in cells. It can prevent lipid peroxidation, the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein in macrophages, lipid droplets' formation, and the adhesion of inflammatory cells into endothelial monolayers. It also expresses antioxidant effects in numerous cancer-related processes. Additionally, different forms of SOD may also augment food processing and pharmaceutical applications, exhibit anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, and prevent arterial problems by protecting the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Many investigations in this review have reported the therapeutic ability and physiological importance of SOD. Because of their antioxidative effects, SODs are of great potential in the medicinal, cosmetic, food, farming and chemical industries. This review discusses the findings of human and animal studies that support the advantages of SOD enzyme regulations to reduce the formation of oxidative stress in various ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nazmul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Pakistan
| | - Fowzul Islam Fahad
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maksim Rebezov
- V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Green Biotechnologies Research Centre of Excellence, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa
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Lu R, Li X, Wang Y, Jin L. Expression of functional plant sweet protein thaumatin II in the milk of transgenic mice. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ruan L, Lin W, Shi H, Wang C, Chen D, Zou C, Ren J, Li X. Characterization of a novel extracellular Cu Zn superoxide dismutase from Rimicaris exoculata living around deep-sea hydrothermal vent. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:2346-2356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Teixeira LPR, Lopes FEDM, Antunes ASLM, Alves MS, Miranda AM, Gaudencio Neto S, Martins LT, Moreira ACDOM, Tavares KCS. Application of a cost-effective DNA extraction protocol for screening transgenic and CRISPR-edited primary goat cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239435. [PMID: 32946490 PMCID: PMC7500585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genotyping of genetically-modified cells is a crucial step in studies of transgenics and genomic editing with systems such as CRISPR/Cas. The detection of genome editing events can be directly related to the genotyping methodology used, which is influenced by its costs, since many experiments require the analysis of a large number of samples. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of direct lysis methods of genomic DNA (gDNA) extraction for the detection of knockins and knockouts in primary goat cells. Initially, three gDNA extraction protocols (protocol A, heat denaturation/freeze-thaw in water; protocol B, heat denaturation/proteinase K; and protocol C, CellsDirect Kit) were tested using different quantities (1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 cells) and types of goat primary cells (fibroblasts and goat mammary epithelial cells—GMECs) for subsequent validation by PCR amplification of small (GAPDH) and large amplicons (hLF transgene). All protocols were successful in the detection of the small amplicon; however, in GMECs, only protocol B resulted efficient amplification (protocol A—0%, protocol B—93%, protocol C—13.33%, P <0.05). In a proof-of-principle experiment, the TP53 gene was knocked out in GMECs by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion while constructs containing the anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody (pBC-anti-VEGF) and bacterial L-Asparaginase (pBC-ASNase) transgenes were knocked-in separately in fibroblasts. Detection of successful editing was performed using protocol B and PCR. The integration rates of the pBC-ASNase and pBC-anti-VEGF transgenes were 93.6% and 72%, respectively, as per PCR. The efficiency of biallelic editing in GMECs using CRISPR/Cas9 for the TP53 deletion was 5.4%. Our results suggest that protocol B (heat denaturation/proteinase K) can be used as an inexpensive and quick methodology for detecting genetic modifications in different types of primary goat cells, with efficiency rates consistent with values previously described in the literature when using extraction kits or more complex proteinase K formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matheus Soares Alves
- Experimental Biology Center (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - André Marrocos Miranda
- Experimental Biology Center (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Saul Gaudencio Neto
- Experimental Biology Center (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kaio Cesar Simiano Tavares
- Experimental Biology Center (NUBEX), University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Yang JL, Li XL, Jiang FL, Gong T, Chen JJ, Chen TJ, Zhu P. High-level soluble expression of human Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase with high activity in Escherichia coli. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:106. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02883-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Enhancement of in Vitro Developmental Outcome of Cloned Goat Embryos After Epigenetic Modulation of Somatic Cell-Inherited Nuclear Genome with Trichostatin A. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2019-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, the effect of trichostatin A (TSA)-mediated epigenomic modulation of nuclear donor cells on the in vitro developmental potential of caprine somatic cell cloned embryos was examined. The enucleated ex vivo-matured oocytes were subzonally injected with adult ear skin-derived fibroblast cells exposed or not exposed to TSA (at a concentration of 50 nM). The experiment was designed on the basis of three different approaches to TSA-dependent modulation of donor cell-descended genome: before being used for somatic cell nuclear transfer/SCNT (Group I); immediately after activation of nuclear-transferred (NT) oocytes (Group II); or combined treatment both before being used for SCNT and after activation of NT oocytes (Group III). In the control Group IV, donor cell nuclei have not been treated with TSA at any stage of the experimental design. In TSA-treated Groups I and II and untreated Group IV, cleavage activities of cloned embryos were at the similar levels (80.6%, 79.8% and 77.1%, respectively). But, significant difference was observed between Groups III and IV (85.3 vs. 77.1%). Moreover, in the experimental Groups I and III, the percentages of cloned embryos that reached the blastocyst stages remarkably increased as compared to those noticed in the control Group IV (31.2% vs. 36.7% vs. 18.9%, respectively). In turn, among embryos assigned to Group II, blastocyst formation rate was only slightly higher than that in the control Group IV, but the differences were not statistically significant (25.8% vs. 18.9%). To sum up, TSA-based epigenomic modulation of somatic cell-inherited nuclear genome gave rise to increased competences of caprine cloned embryos to complete their development to blastocyst stages. In particular, sequential TSA-mediated modulation of both nuclear donor cells and activated NT oocytes led to improvement in the blastocyst yields of cloned goat embryos, which can result from enhanced donor cell nuclear reprogrammability.
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Kalds P, Zhou S, Cai B, Liu J, Wang Y, Petersen B, Sonstegard T, Wang X, Chen Y. Sheep and Goat Genome Engineering: From Random Transgenesis to the CRISPR Era. Front Genet 2019; 10:750. [PMID: 31552084 PMCID: PMC6735269 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheep and goats are valuable livestock species that have been raised for their production of meat, milk, fiber, and other by-products. Due to their suitable size, short gestation period, and abundant secretion of milk, sheep and goats have become important model animals in agricultural, pharmaceutical, and biomedical research. Genome engineering has been widely applied to sheep and goat research. Pronuclear injection and somatic cell nuclear transfer represent the two primary procedures for the generation of genetically modified sheep and goats. Further assisted tools have emerged to enhance the efficiency of genetic modification and to simplify the generation of genetically modified founders. These tools include sperm-mediated gene transfer, viral vectors, RNA interference, recombinases, transposons, and endonucleases. Of these tools, the four classes of site-specific endonucleases (meganucleases, ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPRs) have attracted wide attention due to their DNA double-strand break-inducing role, which enable desired DNA modifications based on the stimulation of native cellular DNA repair mechanisms. Currently, CRISPR systems dominate the field of genome editing. Gene-edited sheep and goats, generated using these tools, provide valuable models for investigations on gene functions, improving animal breeding, producing pharmaceuticals in milk, improving animal disease resistance, recapitulating human diseases, and providing hosts for the growth of human organs. In addition, more promising derivative tools of CRISPR systems have emerged such as base editors which enable the induction of single-base alterations without any requirements for homology-directed repair or DNA donor. These precise editors are helpful for revealing desirable phenotypes and correcting genetic diseases controlled by single bases. This review highlights the advances of genome engineering in sheep and goats over the past four decades with particular emphasis on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kalds
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Shiwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Bjoern Petersen
- Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Neustadt, Germany
| | | | - Xiaolong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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