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Bonilla-Aldana DK, Trejos-Mendoza AE, Pérez-Vargas S, Rivera-Casas E, Muñoz-Lara F, Zambrano LI, Arteaga-Livias K, Ulloque-Badaracco JR, Alarcon-Braga EA, Hernandez-Bustamante EA, Al-kassab-Córdova A, Benites-Zapata VA, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. A systematic review and meta-analysis of bovine brucellosis seroprevalence in Latin America and the Caribbean. New Microbes New Infect 2023; 54:101168. [PMID: 37692289 PMCID: PMC10492193 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2023.101168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bovine brucellosis is a significant public health problem in countries with economic and zoonotic implications. Although relevant, there are no previous systematic reviews about bovine brucellosis in Latin America. Methods We performed a systematic literature review in five data-bases to assess the seroprevalence of Brucella in cattle. A meta-analysis with a random-effects model was performed to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). In addition, measures of heterogeneity (Cochran's Q statistic and I2 test) were reported. Results The literature search yielded 3,403 articles, of which 65 studies were fully valid for analysis. The pooled seroprevalence for Brucella in bovine (n = 46,883,177) was 4.0% (95%CI: 3.0%-5.0%; p < 0.001), and Venezuela was the country with the highest prevalence (16.0%). By regions, the highest seroprevalence is in Central America and the Caribbean islands (8.0%,95%CI: 3.0%-15.0%; p < 0.001, I2 = 99.85). Conclusions Some countries reported still relevant seroprevalences of bovine brucellosis, especially at the Central America and Caribbean islands. Multiple factors may influence the survival and spread of pathogens in the environment; farms located in regions bordering forest areas, in areas of difficult access to the veterinary service; extensive beef herds raised at pastures with different age and productive groups inter-mingled, and minimal concerns regarding hygiene practices and disease prevention measures. Bovine brucellosis has not been eliminated and needs to be considered with new tools for prevention and control, especially being a zoonosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrián Esteban Trejos-Mendoza
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas-Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Soffia Pérez-Vargas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas-Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Estefany Rivera-Casas
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas-Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Fausto Muñoz-Lara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (FCM), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa DC, Honduras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Escuela, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Lysien I. Zambrano
- Department of Morphological Sciences, School of Medical, Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Kovy Arteaga-Livias
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán, Huánuco, Peru
- Escuela de Medicina, Filial Ica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica, Peru
- Master in Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante
- Grupo Peruano de Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Ali Al-kassab-Córdova
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Vicente A. Benites-Zapata
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Master in Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas-Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
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Shome R, Kilari S, Sahare A, Kalleshamurthy T, Heballi Niranjanamurthy H, Ranjan Shome B, Hiremath J, Misri J, Rahman H. Evaluation of the immune responses against reduced doses of Brucella abortus S19 (calfhood) vaccine in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis), India. Vaccine 2020; 38:7070-7078. [PMID: 32943264 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brucella abortus S19 is the most widely used vaccine for the prevention of bovine brucellosis which remains the reference vaccine to which many other vaccine/s are compared. Considering the larger vaccination coverage by reduced dose of vaccine, the study aimed to compare reduced graded doses (1/10th, 1/20th and 1/100th) with standard dose of S19 vaccine (40 × 109CFU /dose) to determine the effective immunizing dose in water buffaloes. METHODS A total of 25 female buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) in the age group of 4-5 months were equally grouped into five animals each in four test and one control groups and given with specified vaccine dose. The blood samples were collected on post vaccination days 14, 28, 45, 60, 90 and 120 for assessing innate (TNF-α and IL-12), humoral (IgG antibodies against Brucella LPS) and cell mediated immune responses (IFN-γ, CD4 + and CD8 + counts). RESULTS The full dose, 1/10th and 1/20th reduced doses of S19 vaccine was capable of eliciting pathogen-specific antibody response, vaccine induced secretion of IL-12, TNF-α and IFN-γ with CD4 + and CD8 + effector T cell responses. Persistence of antibody and magnitude of immune responses were found dose dependent. CONCLUSION Comparable immune responses were noticed with 1/10th reduced dose similar to standard dose. With this observation, decline of antibody titre will reduce the number of false positives and reduced dose of vaccine will facilitate larger vaccination coverage in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeswari Shome
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, India.
| | - Sreenivasulu Kilari
- Intervet India Pvt. Ltd. MSD Animal Health, Briahanagar, Off Pune-Nagar Road, Wagholi, 412 207 Pune, India
| | - Amol Sahare
- Intervet India Pvt. Ltd. MSD Animal Health, Briahanagar, Off Pune-Nagar Road, Wagholi, 412 207 Pune, India
| | - Triveni Kalleshamurthy
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, India
| | - Harish Heballi Niranjanamurthy
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, India
| | - Bibek Ranjan Shome
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, India
| | - Jagadish Hiremath
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560 064, India
| | - Jyoti Misri
- Division of Animal Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi 110 001, India
| | - Habibar Rahman
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Block-C, First Floor, NASC Complex, CG Centre, DPS Marg, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, India
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Johnson JW, Lucas H, King S, Caron T, Wang C, Kelly PJ. Serosurvey for Brucella spp. and Coxiella burnetii in animals on Caribbean islands. Vet Med Sci 2019; 6:39-43. [PMID: 31729197 PMCID: PMC7036303 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the prevalence of antibodies to Brucella melitensis, Brucella abortus and Coxiella burnetii in animals on Caribbean islands we obtained sera from convenience samples of cattle (C), sheep (S), goats (G) and cats (F) from Dominica (C, S, G), Grenada (C, S, G), Montserrat (C, S, G), Puerto Rico (C), Nevis (C, S, G), St Kitts (C, S, G, F) and St Lucia (C, G). The sera were tested for antibodies against the Brucella spp. using commercial ELISA kits. Some sera were also tested at 1/80 for antibodies to C. burnetii using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. Positive sera were also tested at 1/640. None of 599 cattle, 462 sheep or 434 goats were positive in the Brucella ELISAs. None of 230 cattle had antibodies against C. burnetii, but one of 299 sheep was positive at 1/80 (Dominica – 1/54, 2%, 95% CI (0%–5.6%)), as were two of 314 goats, at 1/80 (Grenada – 1/53, 2%, 95% CI (0%–7.5%)) and 1/640 (St Kitts − 1/18, 5.6%, 95% CI (0%–16.7%)), and one of 34 cats, at 1/80 (St Kitts − 1/34; 3%, 95% CI (0%–8.8%)). Our data suggests that there is a very low prevalence or absence of B. melitensis and B. abortus on Caribbean islands. Coxiella burnetii, however, is present but it appears to be present on only some islands and then only at low levels. Overall, there appears to be a low threat to human and animal health from these organisms in the Caribbean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W Johnson
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, TN, USA
| | - Helene Lucas
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St Kitts, West Indies
| | - Sharon King
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St Kitts, West Indies
| | - Tyler Caron
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St Kitts, West Indies
| | - Chengming Wang
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Patrick J Kelly
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St Kitts, West Indies
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Serosurvey for Infectious Agents Associated with Subfertility and Abortion in Dairy Cattle in Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies. Vet Sci 2018; 5:vetsci5020051. [PMID: 29751649 PMCID: PMC6024791 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci5020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite frequent reports of subfertility and abortion in dairy cattle in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T), little is known about the potential infectious and non-infectious causes. This study set out to investigate possible infectious causes of reproductive problems by measuring the seroprevalence of four of the most significant reproductive pathogens in dairy cattle worldwide: Brucella abortus (B. abortus); Neospora caninum (N. caninum), Bovine Viral Diarrhoea virus (BVDV), and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV). These four reproductive pathogens have been suspected to be present in dairy cattle in T&T for some time but, previously, studies have not been carried out to confirm their presence. Bulk milk samples were collected from 92 dairy farms across Trinidad, representing a total of 1177 dairy cattle. Four dairy farms were selected for individual milk sampling to assess in-farm seroprevalence levels. Milk samples were tested for antibodies to the four pathogens by commercial ELISA kits. The overall farm seroprevalence was 62% for N. caninium and 23% for IBRV, and no antibodies were detected in any of the bulk milk samples for B. abortus or BVDV. Mixed infections for IBRV and N. caninum were common. Seroprevalence levels were between 8% and 65% for N. caninum and between 3% and 53% IBRV on the four individual farms. These results reveal the presence of IBRV and N. caninum for the first time on the island of Trinidad and importantly reveal no evidence for the circulation of BVDV or B. abortus in dairy cattle in Trinidad.
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Brucellosis in mammals of Costa Rica: An epidemiological survey. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182644. [PMID: 28793352 PMCID: PMC5549988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis has been an endemic disease of cattle and humans in Costa Rica since the beginning of XX century. However, brucellosis in sheep, goats, pigs, water buffaloes, horses and cetaceans, has not been reported in the country. We have performed a brucellosis survey in these host mammal species, from 1999–2016. In addition, we have documented the number of human brucellosis reported cases, from 2003–2016. The brucellosis seroprevalence in goat and sheep herds was 0.98% and 0.7% respectively, with no Brucella isolation. Antibodies against Brucella were not detected in feral or domestic pigs. Likewise, brucellosis seroprevalence in horse and water buffalo farms was estimated in 6.5% and 21.7%, respectively, with no Brucella isolation. Six cetacean species showed positive reactions against Brucella antigens, and B. ceti was isolated in 70% (n = 29) of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba). A steady increase in the diagnosis of human brucellosis cases was observed. Taking into account the prevalence of brucellosis in the various host mammals of Costa Rica, different measures are recommended.
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Sousa MG, Salvarani FM, Bomjardim HA, Brito MF, Barbosa JD. Brucellosis in water buffaloes. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2017000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The domestication of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) originated in India and China and spread throughout the world and represents an important source of food of high biological value. Given the importance and relevance of brucellosis for buffalo production, this article reviews the history, etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical signs, anatomopathological findings, diagnosis and control of the disease, focusing on data from studies on water buffaloes performed in different countries and the Brazilian Amazon biome.
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Dos Santos LS, Sá JC, Dos Santos Ribeiro DL, Chaves NP, da Silva Mol JP, Santos RL, da Paixão TA, de Carvalho Neta AV. Detection of Brucella sp. infection through serological, microbiological, and molecular methods applied to buffaloes in Maranhão State, Brazil. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 49:675-679. [PMID: 28214920 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study is to diagnose Brucella spp. infection using methods such as serology, bacterial isolation, and molecular analysis in buffaloes bred in Maranhão State. In order to do so, 390 samples of buffalo serum were subjected to serological tests, to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and to 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) combined with slow agglutination test (SAT). Vaginal swabs were collected from seropositive animals and subjected to bacterial isolation and to generic PCR. According to the serological test, 16 animals had a positive reaction to the confirmatory test (2-ME/SAT). As for bacterial isolation, three samples resulted in the isolation of Brucella spp.-characteristic colonies, which were confirmed through PCR. These results confirmed Brucella spp. infection in the buffalo herd from Maranhão State.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Sarmento Dos Santos
- Doutorado em Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Joicy Cortez Sá
- Departamento do Curso de Medicina, Universidade Ceuma, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Diego Luiz Dos Santos Ribeiro
- Doutorado em Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Pinto da Silva Mol
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Renato Lima Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Alves da Paixão
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alcina Vieira de Carvalho Neta
- Doutorado em Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil. .,Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
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Detection of Brucella abortus DNA in aborted goats and sheep in Egypt by real-time PCR. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:212. [PMID: 26036697 PMCID: PMC4467612 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brucellosis is a major zoonoses affects wide range of domesticated as well as wild animals. Despite the eradication program of brucellosis in Egypt, the disease is still endemic among cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, and camels. Results In the present study, abortion occurred naturally among 25 animals (10 cows, 5 buffaloes, 9 Egyptian Baladi goats and 1 ewe) shared the same pasture were investigated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). DNA of Brucella (B.) abortus was detected in serum of goats and sheep which has aborted recently by species-specific RT-PCR. The results suggest cross-species infection of B. abortus from cattle to non-preferred hosts raised in close contact. Conclusion This article will renew our knowledge about the Brucella agent causing abortion in small ruminants in Egypt. Information provided in this study is important for surveillance program, because eradication programs and vaccination strategies may have to be adapted accordingly.
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Herd and individual animal prevalence of bovine brucellosis with associated risk factors on dairy farms in Haryana and Punjab in India. Trop Anim Health Prod 2013; 45:1313-9. [PMID: 23354992 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-013-0362-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Herd and individual animal prevalence along with associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis was assessed on dairy farms located in 22 districts in Haryana and Punjab of India. Examination of 4,580 female animals of 119 dairy farms by Rose Bengal test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that an overall herd prevalence was 65.54% (78/119) and individual animal prevalence was 26.50 % (1,214/4,580). Herd prevalence in Haryana was 62.79% which was not significantly different (P = 0.4208) from Punjab (72.72%). Individual animal prevalence was 34.15% in Punjab which was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) than Haryana (22.34%). Prevalence of brucellosis on dairy farms was detected in 20 of the 22 districts, of which 12 districts were in Haryana and 8 in Punjab. Risk factors such as species of animals, age of animals, herd size, awareness of dairymen for brucellosis, entry of a purchased animals on the farm, abortion on farm, use of calving pens, type of breeding, and type of farming were analyzed. The study indicated that the odds ratio (OR) was significant with risk factors of species (OR = 1.63; 95 %CI = 1.40-1.90; P < 0.0001), age (OR = 0.22; 95%CI = 0.17-0.29; P < 0.0001), awareness of brucellosis among dairymen (OR = 21.65; 95%CI = 2.63-178.04; P = 0.0042), entry of purchased animal on the farm (OR = 9.16; 95%CI = 2.38-35.18; P = 0.0012), abortion in animals (OR = 5.57; 95%CI = 1.92-16.10; P = 0.0015) and on cow farm (OR = 3.43; 95 %CI = 1.33-8.82; P = 0.0105). While the OR was insignificant (P > 0.05) with risk factors of herd size, use of calving pen on farms, type of breeding and on buffalo and mixed type of farms.
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Serological and bacteriological responses of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) vaccinated with two doses of Brucella abortus strain RB51 vaccine. Trop Anim Health Prod 2012; 44:1451-8. [PMID: 22297422 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-012-0086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-two water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves aged 6–10 months were used to evaluate serological responses to Brucella abortus strain RB51 (RB51) vaccination in a dose-response study and to compare the use of two selective media for the isolation of RB51. The animals were randomly divided into three treatment groups. Groups I-III received the recommended vaccine dose (RD) twice 4 weeks apart, RD twice 18 weeks apart and saline once, respectively. Lymph nodes were excised from the three groups and subjected to bacteriological examination to determine the frequency of detection of RB51. Pre- and post-vaccination blood samples were collected and tested for B. abortus antibodies using the buffered plate agglutination test (BPAT), complement fixation test (CFT), and dot-blot assay. Sera taken at all post-inoculation weeks (PIW) were negative for field strain B. abortus using the BPAT. Antibody responses to RB51 were demonstrated in all vaccinates but not in controls by CFT and dot-blot assay from 1 PIW up to 16 weeks following booster vaccination. The agreement for both assays was 80.7% and there was a linear interdependence with a Pearson's correlation coefficient value of 0.578. The frequency of isolation of RB51 from the two selective media used was not significantly different (P > 0.05).
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