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Pozo-Leyva D, Casanova-Lugo F, López-González F, Celis-Álvarez MD, Cruz-Tamayo AA, Canúl-Solís JR, Chay-Canúl AJ. Impact of diversified grazing systems on milk production, nutrient use and enteric methane emissions in dual-purpose cows. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:140. [PMID: 38656670 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated three continuous grazing systems: Brachiaria Brizantha, Clitoria ternatea and naturalized pastures, complemented with commercial concentrate and C. ternatea silage on milk yield, nutrient use and enteric methane (CH4) emissions. Nine multiparous cows of local Zebu breeds, with an average weight of 448 ± 87 kg, were used. The chemical composition of the food was determined. Live weight, milk production, and quality were assessed. Furthermore, serum urea, urea nitrogen, creatinine and glucose in blood were monitored, and nitrogen use efficiency were calculated. Enteric methane (CH4) emissions were estimated using Tier-2 methodology. A 3 × 3 latin square experimental design was applied. The grazing systems of B. brizantha and C. ternatea had the greater live weights of 465.8 and 453.3 kg/cow, although the latter is similar to naturalized pasture. Milk production and quality were not affected by grazing system, with the exception of the non-fat solids, where the C. ternatea system was lower (102.2 g/kg) than the other grazing systems. The crude protein and N intake, and N excretion in feces and urine were lower in naturalized pasture systems (1139.0 g/day). N outputs in milk was high in the C. ternatea system (56.3 g/cow/day). The naturalized pastures systems showed the better feed use efficiency (25.7%) compared to others. Serum urea and blood urea nitrogen were greater in B. brizantha followed by C. ternatea. Enteric CH4 emissions were indifferent among grazing systems when expressed as a percentage of greenhouse gases (7.1%). In conclusion, the grazing C. ternatea supplemented with commercial concentrate and C. ternatea silage maintains milk production and quality, reduced cow/day emissions (by 2.5%) and lowered energy losses as methane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dixan Pozo-Leyva
- Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus I. T. de la Zona Maya, Carretera Chetumal-Escárcega km 21.5, Ejido Juan Sarabia, C.P. 77960. Othón P. Blanco, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Fernando Casanova-Lugo
- Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus I. T. de la Zona Maya, Carretera Chetumal-Escárcega km 21.5, Ejido Juan Sarabia, C.P. 77960. Othón P. Blanco, Quintana Roo, México.
| | - Felipe López-González
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Campus UAEM El Cerrillo, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50090, México
| | - María D Celis-Álvarez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Campus UAEM El Cerrillo, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca, Estado de México, C.P. 50090, México
| | - Alvar A Cruz-Tamayo
- Escuela Superior de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, C. 53 s/n, Unidad Esfuerzo y Trabajo I, Escárcega, Campeche, C.P. 24350, México
| | - Jorge R Canúl-Solís
- Tecnologico Nacional de México Campus I. T. de Tizimín, Avenida Cupules km 2.5, Tizimín Yucatán, CP. 97700, México
| | - Alfonso J Chay-Canúl
- División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, México. Carretera Villahermosa-Teapa, km 25, R/a. La Huasteca 2ª. Sección, Villahermosa, Tabasco, C.P. 86280, México
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Velarde-Guillén J, Arndt C, Gómez CA. Carbon footprint in Latin American dairy systems. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 54:15. [PMID: 34905115 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-03021-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The study reviewed carbon footprint (CF) analyses for milk production in Latin America from cradle to farm gate. The objective was to estimate (1) the effect of feeding management (zero-grazing, semi-confinement, and pasture), (2) cattle system (specialized dairy vs. dual-purpose), and (3) region (tropical vs. temperate) on milk production (kg/cow/day) and CF (kg CO2eq/kg fat and protein corrected milk (FPCM)). A systematic literature review was conducted, and for the final analysis, a total of 32 individual CF (from 11 studies) were used. Studies included in the final analysis allowed to calculate CF per kg FPCM, included upstream emissions calculations, and used the IPCC's tier 2 approach for enteric methane emissions. The range of the CF observed in the region was from 1.54 to 3.57 kg CO2eq/kg FPCM. Feeding management had a significant effect on milk production, but not on CF. Zero-grazing compared with pasture systems had a 140% greater milk production (20.1 vs. 8.4 kg milk/cow/day), but numerically greater CF for pasture systems (2.6 vs. 1.7 kg CO2eq/kg FPCM). Compared with specialized dairy cattle, dual-purpose cattle produced less milk (P < 0.001) and higher CF (P < 0.05). Compared with temperate regions, tropical region systems produced less milk and higher CF. In conclusion, in Latin America, the cattle system and region have a significant impact on CF, whereas the feeding management (zero-grazing, semi-confinement, and pasture) does not impact the CF of milk produced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Arndt
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
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Nitrogen use efficiency and soil chemical composition in small-scale dairy systems. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:538. [PMID: 34762180 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In dairy production systems, the efficient use of resources is required to guarantee its sustainability. Worldwide, the efficiency of feed utilization and its effects have been widely studied. However, few studies have quantified animal nitrogen use and its corresponding soil contribution in small-scale production systems. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the efficiency of feed utilization and quantify the soil chemical composition in small-scale production systems using two different feeding strategies. Twelve dairy farms were evaluated from May 2016 to April 2017. Data analysis was performed using an ANOVA following a completely randomized model and using feeding strategies as treatment. Regarding the feeding systems' characteristics, significant differences (P < 0.05) were only observed in land surface and land used to produce mixed-grass and corn. Nitrogen (N) input and output in dairy cattle were significantly different (P < 0.05) for crude protein intake. The highest results were observed in grazing feeding systems. The cut and carry strategies excreted 71% of the consumed N in the manure; grazing strategies excreted 72%. The efficiency of feed utilization (EFU) is low; only 19% of the consumed N is recovered during milk production. As for the soil chemical composition, significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed in the percentage of total N and the carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio. The remaining components behaved similarly in both feeding systems. Systems that include crops and livestock can positively change the biophysical and socioeconomic dynamics of agricultural systems.
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Celis-Alvarez MD, López-González F, Arriaga-Jordán CM, Robles-Jiménez LE, González-Ronquillo M. Feeding Forage Mixtures of Ryegrass ( Lolium spp.) with Clover ( Trifolium spp.) Supplemented with Local Feed Diets to Reduce Enteric Methane Emission Efficiency in Small-Scale Dairy Systems: A Simulated Study. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040946. [PMID: 33801732 PMCID: PMC8067253 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The present study simulated the effects of different dairy cow diets based on local feeding strategies on enteric methane (CH4) emissions and surpluses of crude protein (CP) in small-scale dairy systems (SSDS). Our study evaluated five scenarios of supplementation (S): without supplementation (control diet), meaning no supplements were provided, only pasture (S1); pasture supplemented with 4.5 kg dry matter (DM)/cow/day of commercial concentrate (CC) (S2); supplemented with 200 g DM/kg per milk produced of CC (S3); supplemented with ground maize grains and wet distiller brewery grains (S4); and S4 plus maize silage (S5). In addition, two pasture managements (cut-and-carry versus grazing) and two varieties of legumes (red clover vs. white clover) were considered. The results suggest that methane emissions and large nitrogen surpluses in the diet are affected by the type of supplementation given to cows, in addition to the management and chemical composition of the pastures offered. In SSDS, it is possible to formulate diets with local inputs to reduce excess nutrients and dependence on external inputs, increasing feed efficiency and reducing costs (excess of CP in the diet) and CH4 emissions. Abstract In cattle, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and nutrient balance are influenced by factors such as diet composition, intake, and digestibility. This study evaluated CH4 emissions and surpluses of crude protein, using five simulated scenarios of supplementation in small-scale dairy systems (SSDS). In addition, two pasture managements (cut-and-carry versus grazing) and two varieties of legumes (red clover vs. white clover) were considered. The diets were tested considering similar milk yield and chemical composition; CH4 emission was estimated using Tier-2 methodology from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and the data were analyzed in a completely randomized 5 × 2 × 2 factorial design. Differences (p < 0.05) were found in predicted CH4 emissions per kg of milk produced (g kg−1 FCM 3.5%). The lowest predicted CH4 emissions were found for S3 and S4 as well as for pastures containing white clover. Lower dietary surpluses of CP (p < 0.05) were observed for the control diet (1320 g CP/d), followed by S5 (1793 g CP/d), compared with S2 (2175 g CP/d), as well as in cut-and-carry management with red clover. A significant correlation (p < 0.001) was observed between dry matter intake and CH4 emissions (g−1 and per kg of milk produced). It is concluded that the environmental impact of formulating diets from local inputs (S3 and S4) can be reduced by making them more efficient in terms of methane kg−1 of milk in SSDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Danaee Celis-Alvarez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, No. 100 Instituto Literario, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico; (M.D.C.-A.); (C.M.A.-J.)
| | - Felipe López-González
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, No. 100 Instituto Literario, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico; (M.D.C.-A.); (C.M.A.-J.)
- Correspondence: (F.L.-G.); (M.G.-R.)
| | - Carlos Manuel Arriaga-Jordán
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, No. 100 Instituto Literario, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico; (M.D.C.-A.); (C.M.A.-J.)
| | - Lizbeth E. Robles-Jiménez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, No. 100 Instituto Literario 100, Col. Centro, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico;
| | - Manuel González-Ronquillo
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, No. 100 Instituto Literario 100, Col. Centro, Toluca 50000, Estado de México, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (F.L.-G.); (M.G.-R.)
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Salinas-Martínez JA, Posadas-Domínguez RR, Morales-Díaz LD, Rebollar-Rebollar S, Rojo-Rubio R. Cost analysis and economic optimization of small-scale dairy production systems in Mexico. Livest Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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HAYGERT-VELHO IONEM, CONCEIÇÃO GABRIELMDA, COSMAM LUIZC, ALESSIO DILETAR, BUSANELLO MARCOS, SIPPERT MICHELIR, DAMIANI CÁSSIA, ALMEIDA ANAPAULAA, VELHO JOÃOPEDRO. Multivariate analysis relating milk production, milk composition, and seasons of the year. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 90:3839-3852. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201820180345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Posadas-Domínguez RR, Del Razo-Rodríguez OE, Almaraz-Buendía I, Pelaez-Acero A, Espinosa-Muñoz V, Rebollar-Rebollar S, Salinas-Martínez JA. Evaluation of comparative advantages in the profitability and competitiveness of the small-scale dairy system of Tulancingo Valley, Mexico. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 50:947-956. [PMID: 29392551 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This article combines a Policy Analysis Matrix with a sensitivity and poverty line analysis with the objective of evaluating the economic contribution of comparative advantages to the private profitability and competitiveness of small-scale dairy systems. For 1 year, socioeconomic data were collected from 82 farms selected from four strata via statistical sampling. Two scenarios were established to determine the quantitative contribution of comparative advantages: (1) a simulated scenario, which accounted for the cost of purchasing the total food and the opportunity cost of the family labour force (FLF), and (2) an actual production scenario, which accounted for the cost of producing food and eliminating the payment of the FLF and included other income. The E3 and E4 producers were the most profitable and competitive in the simulated scenario and actual production scenario. Of the four scales evaluated, the E2 and E1 producers were the most efficient in taking advantage of the economic contribution provided by the comparative advantages in their own production of food and employment of the FLF, in addition to accounting for other income, a condition that increased their profitability by 171 and 144% and competitiveness by 346 and 273%, respectively. The poverty results indicated that only E3 and E4 producers were non-vulnerable in the simulated scenario and actual production scenario. The purchase of food was the comparative advantage with the greatest sensitivity to cost increases in the two scenarios analysed, which exacerbated the effect on the E1 and E2 producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Rogelio Posadas-Domínguez
- Escuela Superior de Zimapán-Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH) [Zimapán Graduate School-Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo], Avenida Jorge Preisser Terán Col. Nueva Reforma, CP 42330, Zimapán de Zavala, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Oscar Enrique Del Razo-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias-UAEH [Institute of Agricultural Sciences], Universidad Km. 1, Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa, CP 43600, Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Isaac Almaraz-Buendía
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias-UAEH [Institute of Agricultural Sciences], Universidad Km. 1, Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa, CP 43600, Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Armando Pelaez-Acero
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias-UAEH [Institute of Agricultural Sciences], Universidad Km. 1, Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa, CP 43600, Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Verónica Espinosa-Muñoz
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias-UAEH [Institute of Agricultural Sciences], Universidad Km. 1, Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa, CP 43600, Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Samuel Rebollar-Rebollar
- Centro Universitario UAEM Temascaltepec-Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México [Temascaltepec University Center-Autonomous University of the State of Mexico], Km. 67.5, carretera Toluca-Tejupilco. Colonia Barrio de Santiago sn, C. P. 51300, Temascaltepec, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jesús Armando Salinas-Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias-UAEH [Institute of Agricultural Sciences], Universidad Km. 1, Ex Hacienda de Aquetzalpa, CP 43600, Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Mexico.
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