|
1
|
Guerra A, Simoni M, Longobardi V, Goi A, Mantovani G, Danese T, Neglia G, De Marchi M, Righi F. Effectiveness of near-infrared spectroscopy to predict the chemical composition of feces and total-tract apparent nutrients digestibility estimated with undigestible neutral detergent fiber or acid-insoluble ash in lactating buffaloes' feces. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:5653-5666. [PMID: 38554826 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Following a comparison of nutrient total-tract digestibility estimates in lactating buffaloes using single-point undigestible NDF (uNDF) or acid-insoluble ash (AIA) as internal markers, the potential of fecal near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to provide calibration equations for the assessment of the chemical composition of feces and nutrient total-tract digestibility estimated with internal markers was explored. Chemical analyses were performed on 147 fecal samples from lactating buffaloes reared on 5 farms in central Italy (Naples). Each farm fed a silage-based TMR to the buffaloes, and the TMR was sampled in the 2 d before the fecal collection. The TMR and individual fecal samples were collected and analyzed for DM, OM, ash, AIA, ether extract (EE), starch, fiber fractions (amylase-treated NDF without residual ash [aNDFom], amylase-treated NDF inclusive of residual ash [aNDF], ADF without residual ash [ADFom], ADF, hemicellulose, cellulose, ADL, uNDF), N, CP and CP bound to aNDF (NDICP) and to ADF (ADICP). The uNDF content was determined through a 240-h in vitro fermentation and employed, together with AIA as markers, to estimate the total-tract apparent digestibility and total-tract digestibility of DM, OM, ash, N, CP, EE, aNDFom, aNDF, NDIP, ADFom, and ADF, ADIN, ADL, hemicellulose, cellulose, starch, NFC, and the B3 fraction of N (NB3). No correlation was found between DM and OM digestibility estimated with AIA and uNDF as internal markers. Weak correlations were detected for all the other nutients digestibilities, and strong correlations were observed for EE, ADFom, hemicellulose, NDIN, ADIN, NB3, NFC, and starch. The sample set (n = 147) was divided in a calibration set (n = 111) and a validation set (n = 36) to "train" and "validate" the fecal NIRS curve through an external validation process. An estimation usable for preliminary or initial evaluation was obtained for N, CP, and aNDF fecal content. An excellent prediction was obtained for total tract digestibility of ADIN (R2 = 0.90) when estimated with uNDF as the internal marker. The NIRS technology was not able to accurately predict all the other traits and the estimated nutrient digestibility of lactating buffalo diets from fecal spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Guerra
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - M Simoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - V Longobardi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - A Goi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - G Mantovani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - T Danese
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - G Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - M De Marchi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - F Righi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Zhang S, Wang J, Lu S, Chaudhry AS, Tarla D, Khanaki H, Raja IH, Shan A. Effects of Sweet and Forge Sorghum Silages Compared to Maize Silage without Additional Grain Supplement on Lactation Performance and Digestibility of Lactating Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1702. [PMID: 38891748 PMCID: PMC11171229 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of replacing maize silage (MZS) with high-sugar sorghum silage (HSS) or forage sorghum silage (FSS) without additional grain supplement in the diets of dairy cows on nutrient digestibility, milk composition, nitrogen (N) use, and rumen fermentation. Twenty-four Chinese Holstein cows (545 ± 42.8 kg; 21.41 ± 0.62 kg milk yield; 150 ± 5.6 days in milk) were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments (n = 8 cows/treatment). The cows were fed ad libitum total mixed rations containing (dry matter basis) either 40% MZS (MZS-based diet), 40% HSS (HSS-based diet), or 40% FSS (FSS-based diet). The study lasted for 42 days, with 14 days devoted to adaptation, 21 days to daily feed intake and milk production, and 7 days to the sampling of feed, refusals, feces, urine, and rumen fluid. Milk production was measured twice daily, and digestibility was estimated using the method of acid-insoluble ash. The data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA in SPSS 22.0 according to a completely randomized design. Dietary treatments were used as fixed effects and cows as random effects. The results indicate that MZS and HSS had greater crude protein but less neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and a lower pH than FSS (p ≤ 0.04). High starch contents in MZS and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) contents in HSS were observed (p < 0.01). While the highest starch intake was observed for the MZS-based diet, the highest WSC intake was noted for the HSS-based diet, and the highest NDF, ADF, ADL intake was observed for the FSS-based diet (p ≤ 0.05). The diets, including MZS and HSS, had greater digestibility than that of FSS (p ≤ 0.03). Feeding MZS- and HSS-based diets increased the yield, fat, and protein content of the milk, as well as feed conversion efficiency (p ≤ 0.03). However, feeding the MZS- and HSS-based diets decreased the contents of milk urea N, urinary urea N, and urinary N excretion more than the FSS-based diet (p ≤ 0.05). The N use efficiency tended to increase relative to diets containing MZS and HSS compared with FSS (p = 0.06 and p = 0.09). Ruminal ammonia-N and pH were lower, but total volatile fatty acids, acetate, and propionate were higher in cows fed the HSS- and MZS-based diets compared to those fed the FSS-based diet (p ≤ 0.03). It appears as though replacing MZS with HSS in the diet of cows without additional grain supplements has no negative influence on feed intake, milk yield, N utilization, or ruminal fermentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China;
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Grass Resources Utilization around Tarim, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas (Co-Construction by Ministries and Provinces), Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China;
| | - Shunping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China;
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Grass Resources Utilization around Tarim, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas (Co-Construction by Ministries and Provinces), Tarim University, Alar 843300, China
| | - Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK;
| | - Divine Tarla
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Dookie College, VIC 3647, Australia; (D.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Hassan Khanaki
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Dookie College, VIC 3647, Australia; (D.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Imtiaz Hussain Raja
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Zhou D, Abdelrahman M, Zhang X, Yang S, Yuan J, An Z, Niu K, Gao Y, Li J, Wang B, Zhou G, Yang L, Hua G. Milk Production Responses and Digestibility of Dairy Buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis) Partially Supplemented with Forage Rape ( Brassica napus) Silage Replacing Corn Silage. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102931. [PMID: 34679952 PMCID: PMC8532855 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary To develop alternative silage resources, we employed buffaloes as an animal model to evaluate the possibility and effects of forage rape silage in the dairy buffalo diet. We comprehensively assessed the nutrition value of forage rape silage by the apparent total-tract digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics, blood metabolism and milk composition of lactating buffaloes. Our current results showed that the inclusion of forage rape silage in diets improved the milk quality, such as milk protein, milk fat, and total solid percentage. Furthermore, partial supplementation of forage rape silage also promotes buffaloes’ dry matter intake. These may be related to the favorable physiological and metabolic changes induced by the forage rape silage. Thus, our current data show the applicability of forage rape silage as a good feed resource for ruminants. Abstract Worldwide, silage is considered the main component in dairy animal diets; however, this portion is mainly dominated by corn silage, which raises availability challenges in some agricultural production systems. The present study evaluated a partial replacement of corn silage with forage rape silage (FRS) and its effect on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, milk production, and blood metabolites in buffalo. Thirty-six lactating buffaloes were randomly assigned to four different groups, according to supplementation of FRS (only corn silage, FRS0) or with 15% (FRS15), 25% (FRS25), and 35% (FRS35) of forage rape silage instead of corn silage. The results showed that, compared to corn silage, forage rape silage has a lower carbohydrate but a higher protein concentration. The buffalo intake of dry matter and organic matter were improved linearly with the FRS increasing in the diet. The apparent total-tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter, organic matter, nitrogen, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber also increased by the FRS supplementation compared with FRS0. Conversely, FRS supplementation decreased the propionic, butyric, and valeric acid contents and increased the acetic:propionic ratio and microbial protein content. Furthermore, FRS inclusion led to a significantly higher milk urea and non-fat milk solid content, higher blood glucose, total globulins, blood urea nitrogen, and lower blood high-density lipoprotein. These results suggested that FRS has high a nutritional value and digestibility, is a good feed resource, and showed favorable effects when supplemented with dairy buffalo ration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.Z.); (M.A.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.A.); (K.N.)
| | - Mohamed Abdelrahman
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.Z.); (M.A.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.A.); (K.N.)
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assuit University, Asyut 71515, Egypt
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.Z.); (M.A.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.A.); (K.N.)
| | - Shuai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.Z.); (M.A.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.A.); (K.N.)
| | - Jing Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.Z.); (M.A.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.A.); (K.N.)
| | - Zhigao An
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.Z.); (M.A.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.A.); (K.N.)
| | - Kaifeng Niu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.Z.); (M.A.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.A.); (K.N.)
| | - Yanxia Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianguo Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (Y.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (B.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guangsheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (B.W.); (G.Z.)
| | - Liguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.Z.); (M.A.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.A.); (K.N.)
- Hubei Province Buffalo Engineering Center, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence: (L.Y.); (G.H.); Tel.: +86-138-7105-6592 (L.Y.); +86-136-3860-4846 (G.H.)
| | - Guohua Hua
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (D.Z.); (M.A.); (X.Z.); (S.Y.); (J.Y.); (Z.A.); (K.N.)
- Hubei Province Buffalo Engineering Center, Wuhan 430070, China
- Correspondence: (L.Y.); (G.H.); Tel.: +86-138-7105-6592 (L.Y.); +86-136-3860-4846 (G.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Wang Z, Wu W, Cui L, Li X, Kulyar MFEA, Xiong H, Zhou N, Yin H, Li J, Li X. Isolation, characterization, and interaction of lignin-degrading bacteria from rumen of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). J Basic Microbiol 2021; 61:757-768. [PMID: 34101885 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to isolate lignin-degrading bacteria from buffalo rumen and to explore their interactions further. Using lignin as the carbon source, three bacteria, B-04 (Ochrobactrum pseudintermedium), B-11 (Klebsiella pneumoniae), and B-45 (Bacillus sonorensis), which have shown lignin degradation potential, were successfully isolated and identified from the rumen fluid of buffalo by colony morphology, 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, and biochemical and physiological analyses. The degradation rates of lignin were determined, and the maximum values were 4.86%, 11.1%, and 7.68% for B-04, B-11, and B-45, respectively. The maximum laccase activities were 0.65, 0.93, and 1.15 U/ml, while the maximum lignin peroxidase activities were 5.72, 8.29, and 18.69 U/ml, respectively. Pairwise interaction studies showed inhibitory interaction between B-04 and B-45, inhibitory interaction between B-04 and B-11, and symbiotic interaction between B-11 and B-45. This is the first report on the lignin degradation ability of bacteria isolated from the buffalo's rumen, which provides a new understanding for revealing the mechanism of roughage tolerance of buffalo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education; Department of Hubei Province Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wenqing Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Luncheng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education; Department of Hubei Province Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education; Department of Hubei Province Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | | | - Haiqian Xiong
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huanggang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Nian Zhou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huanggang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huaihui Yin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huanggang, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education; Department of Hubei Province Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Abstract
So far, few animals with the ability of lignin degradation have been reported except termite and longicorn. In this study, it was found that the crude fiber and acid detergent lignin (ADL) of rice straw can be degraded dramatically higher by buffalo than those by cattle. In order to further study this ability of buffalo, the digestion of roughages in buffalo rumen was studied using rumen nylon bag experiment, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Van Soest fiber analysis. The SEM results showed that the degradation degree of rice straw was dramatically higher in buffalo than that in cattle. The digestibility of crude fiber was significantly higher in buffalo than that in cattle (P < 0.01). The digestibility of ADL, cellulose, hemicellulose, acid detergent, fiber, and neutral detergent fiber of rice straw in buffalo rumen was significantly higher than that in cattle (P < 0.05). The ADL degradation rate of rice straw in buffalo rumen was significantly higher than that in cattle rumen, indicating that buffalo was capable of utilizing lignin and had superior utilizing capability than cattle. It was observed that various roughages can be dramatically digested by buffalo rumen with the ranking of ADL degradation rate: peanut vine (15.04%) > rice silage > maize silage > rice straw > corn stover > wheat stalk > bract leaf > potato vine (7.22%), verifying that buffalo rumen possessed the ability to digest universal roughages. In conclusion, this study revealed that buffalo was more efficient in ADL degradation compared with cattle.
Collapse
|