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de Moura CEBR, de Sá Jayme V, de Oliveira Monteiro CM, Lopes WDZ, Soares VE, Rossi GAM, Gambarini ML, de Castro AM, de Souza JY, de Oliveira VSF, de Amaral Leal A, Arnhold E, Teixeira WFP. Spatial distribution and risk factors for sheep toxoplasmosis in Goiás, Brazilian Cerrado Region. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2021; 26:100625. [PMID: 34879937 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the spatial distribution and risk factors for infection by Toxoplasma gondii in sheep in the state of Goiás, located in the central-western region of Brazil. Through the immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies was analyzed in 1000 blood serum samples obtained from sheep in all macro and micro regions of the state of Goiás. Data related to sex, age of the animals, size of the farm, type of farm, water source, veterinary assistance, replacement of the herd, presence of domestic cats, presence of wild cats and presence of other wild animals were obtained at the sampling time. The differences between the seroprevalences obtained in relation to the variables analyzed were estimated using Pearson's chi-square test (χ2). The odds ratio (OR) values for each risk factor evaluated were statistically analyzed with a confidence interval of 95%. Positivity for IgG anti-T. gondii was observed (titer ≥64) in 34.3% (343/1000) of the samples, which ranged from 26.9% (31/115) to 44.2% (53/120) and from 21.8 (12/55) to 55.2% (16 / 29), respectively in the analyzed mesoregions and microregions. In all investigated regions of the State of Goiás, serum-reactive animals were detected with the age of the animals, the source of water, the form of replacement of the herd and the presence of domestic cats and wild animals risk factors statistically associated with the occurrence of T. gondii in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valéria de Sá Jayme
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Caio Marcio de Oliveira Monteiro
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Maria Lúcia Gambarini
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria de Castro
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Yonara de Souza
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Arnhold
- School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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