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Kim YL, Lee SH, Son GH, Shin JS, Kim MJ, Park BK. Effect of Rumen-Protected L-Tryptophan or L-Ascorbic Acid on Plasma Metabolites and Milk Production Characteristics of Lactating Holstein Cows during Summer Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1820. [PMID: 38929439 PMCID: PMC11200681 DOI: 10.3390/ani14121820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of rumen-protected L-tryptophan or L-ascorbic acid supplementation on the productivity of lactating Holstein cows during a high-temperature period. Thirty cows were assigned to three dietary groups: control (CON), treatment 1 (TRT 1; rumen-protected L-tryptophan, 20 g/cow/d), and treatment 2 (TRT 2; rumen-protected L-ascorbic acid, 20 g/cow/d). As the high-temperature period progressed, the decrease in milk yield and dry matter intake (DMI) in the TRT 1 and TRT 2 groups was lower than that in the CON group. The total protein level in the plasma of the TRT 1 group was higher than that in the CON group (p < 0.05). Milk melatonin concentration was higher in the TRT 1 group than in the CON and TRT 2 groups (p < 0.05). Thus, the present results indicate that rumen-protected L-tryptophan or L-ascorbic acid has positive effects in preventing declines in DMI and milk yield by reducing heat stress in Holstein cows. In particular, rumen-protected L-tryptophan is considered effective in increasing the melatonin concentration in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Lae Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.L.); (G.-H.S.); (J.-S.S.)
| | - So-Hee Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.L.); (G.-H.S.); (J.-S.S.)
| | - Gi-Hwal Son
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.L.); (G.-H.S.); (J.-S.S.)
- Nonghyup Livestock Research Center, Anseong 17558, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Suh Shin
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.L.); (G.-H.S.); (J.-S.S.)
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.L.); (G.-H.S.); (J.-S.S.)
| | - Byung-Ki Park
- Department of Animal Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.L.); (G.-H.S.); (J.-S.S.)
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Li Y, Yuan J, Sun S, Ma F, Xiong Y, He S. Optimizing growth and antioxidant function in heat-stressed broilers with vitamin C and betaine supplementation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00484-024-02717-2. [PMID: 38834879 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02717-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the potential of vitamin C (VC) and/or betaine (Bet) to enhance growth performance, regulate serum metabolism, and bolster antioxidant function aiming to mitigate the impact of heat stress (HS) on broilers. Two hundred Ross 308 broilers at 28 days of age were randomly assigned to five groups. The control group, housed at 24 ± 1℃, was fed a basal diet. High-temperature treatment groups, housed at 32 ± 1℃, received a basal diet with 0 (HS group), 250 mg/kg VC (HSVC group), 1000 mg/kg Bet (HSBe group), and 250 mg/kg VC + 1000 mg/kg Bet (HSVCBe group). On day 42, assessments were made on growth performance, muscle quality, serum biochemistry, and antioxidant function. Results revealed that HS significantly lowered (P < 0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI), the degree of redness (a*) in muscles, and serum total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) level. It also reduced (P < 0.01) average daily gain (ADG), and serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level, while increasing (P < 0.05) shear force, serum direct bilirubin (D-BIL), uric acid (UA), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared with the control group. Dietary supplementation of VC and Bet, either alone or in combination, significantly decreased shear force and serum UA level, while increasing ADG and serum T-AOC, T-SOD level compared with the HS group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of VC and/or Bet to the diet proves effective in enhancing the growth performance of HS-exposed broilers through the positive regulation of serum chemical metabolism and the alleviation of oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Junjun Yuan
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Shiang Sun
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Feiyang Ma
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Yongjie Xiong
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China
| | - Shaojun He
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, China.
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Akinmoladun OF, Mpendulo CT, Ayoola MO. Assessment of the adaptation of Nguni goats to water stress. Animal 2023; 17:100911. [PMID: 37544053 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The recurring drought and limited rainfall patterns occasioned primarily by climate change in sub-Saharan African countries threaten sustainable animal agriculture. The irreversibility of this natural phenomenon calls for an intensive and urgent selection of adaptable breeds that can cope but with minimal compromise on production indices. A water scarcity simulation study was conducted to assess the adaptation potential of Nguni goats to regulated watering by evaluating their growth performance, tolerance to heat and water stress and blood indices during the dry summer months. Eighteen growing Nguni goats (average age: 1 year; BW: 19.25 ± 1.6 kg) were assigned equally to three treatments: W0, without water restriction (WR); W70, WR of 70% ad libitum water intake (WI); and W50, WR of 50% ad libitum WI. The experimental trial lasted for 75 d following a 14-day acclimatisation to the housing condition. Data on growth performance, body thermal gradient, skin temperature (ST) and rectal temperatures, respiratory rate (RR), body condition scores (BCs), linear body indices and blood biochemical indices were taken. The results showed that the final BW was not affected (P > 0.05) by the water restriction levels. The daily gain, DM intake and total BW gain were similar (P > 0.05) in groups W70 and W50. Body thermal gradient and ST were not affected (P > 0.05). The RR and BCs decreased (P < 0.05) with increasing water restriction levels. The body and rump lengths and sternum height were similar (P > 0.05) for groups W70 and W50. There is an haemocentration (W0 < W70 < W50; P < 0.05) of sodium, Chloride, urea, creatinine, total protein, and cholesterol with water restriction levels. Generally, most physiological variables assayed were similar (P > 0.05) in the water-stressed groups (W70 and W50). Overall, Nguni goats showed an adaptive capacity to tolerate limited water intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- O F Akinmoladun
- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa; Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Adekunle Ajasin University, PMB 001 Akungba-Akoko, Ondo-State, Nigeria.
| | - C T Mpendulo
- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - M O Ayoola
- Animal Science and Fisheries Management Unit, Department of Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Science and Engineering, Bowen University, PMB 284, Iwo Osun-State, Nigeria
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Abdel-Khalek AE, El-Maghraby MM, Elbialy ZI, Al wakeel RA, Almadaly EA, Shukry M, El-Badawy AA, Zaghloul HK, Assar DH. Mitigation of endogenous oxidative stress and improving growth, hemato-biochemical parameters, and reproductive performance of Zaraibi goat bucks by dietary supplementation with Chlorella vulgaris or/and vitamin C. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:267. [PMID: 37442841 PMCID: PMC10345023 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03657-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to explore the effects of dietary inclusion of Chlorella vulgaris (CV) or/and vitamin C (VC) on growth, hemato-biochemical parameters, oxidative and antioxidant status, reproductive hormones, and semen quality variables, and scrotal-testicular dimensions of Zaraibi goat bucks. Twenty sexually mature bucks (41.49 ± 0.91 kg BW) were randomly divided into 4 groups (5 bucks/group). The control group was fed the control diet, while the other three groups received a diet supplemented with VC (2 g/animal /day), CV (5 g/animal/day), and CV plus VC (the same levels), respectively, for 8 weeks (treatment period), and then semen was collected for 8 weeks. Results showed that dietary supplementation with CV-VC combination significantly increased the final body weight, weight gain, packed cell volume, hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, and lymphocytes; elevated serum total protein, globulin, testosterone, estradiol, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase with a significant reduction in Malondialdehyde in serum and seminal plasma. Also, the CV-VC combination significantly improved the ejaculate volume, total sperm output, sperm concentration, and live sperm, and reduced reaction time and sperm abnormality of bucks. Either CV or VC given separately or in combination, at the chosen levels, had no detrimental effects on animal physiological responses with normal hepatic and renal functions. Therefore, the CV-VC combination could be safely utilized as a dietary supplement in buck's diets to improve antioxidant defenses, scavenge free radicals, and potentiate buck's reproductive activities under normal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. E. Abdel-Khalek
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Al-Mansoura, Egypt
| | - M. M. El-Maghraby
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Zizy I. Elbialy
- Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, El-Geish Street, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - Rasha A. Al wakeel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, El-Geish Street, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - E. A. Almadaly
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, El-Geish Street, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - M. Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, El-Geish Street, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
| | - A. A. El-Badawy
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - H. K. Zaghloul
- High Institute for Agricultural Co-Operation, Shoubra, Egypt
| | - Doaa H. Assar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, El-Geish Street, Kafrelsheikh, 33516 Egypt
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Du J, Shi Y, Zhou C, Guo L, Hu R, Huang C, Hu G, Gao X, Guo X. Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin C on the liver of laying hens under chronic heat stress. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1052553. [PMID: 36387409 PMCID: PMC9650548 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1052553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of vitamin C on chronic heat stress (CHS)-induced liver oxidative damage and inflammation in laying hens. The thermoneutral control group (TN group) was kept at a constant temperature of 22 ± 1°C, while the chronic heat stress group (CHS group) and the vitamin C supplemented group (HSV group) were exposed to heat stress (HS) (36 ± 1°C, 8 h/d). The TN and HS groups were fed the basic diet at will, and the HSV group was supplemented with 300 mg/kg of vitamin C on top of the basic diet. The experimental results showed a significant improvement in body weight and feed intake in the HSV group compared to the HS group. A significantly lower pH and higher HCO3- and PCO2 levels were observed in the HSV group compared to the CHS group. As laying hens were supplemented with vitamin C, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level was declined, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were increased, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was increased. Further, CHS induced an increase in the expression of inflammation-related genes and a decrease in the expression of antioxidant-related genes. In contrast, the addition of vitamin C reversed the effects of CHS, resulting in an increase in the expression of antioxidant-related genes and a decrease in the expression of inflammation-related genes. In conclusion, vitamin C can effectively alleviate CHS-induced acid-base imbalance in body fluids of laying hens and the oxidative damage and inflammatory response caused to the liver. Therefore, vitamin C can be used clinically as an effective drug to alleviate chronic heat stress in laying hens. This experiment provides clinical evidence and theoretical basis for the use of vitamin C as an effective drug to alleviate chronic heat stress in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Du
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Shi
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Changming Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lianying Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ruiming Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guoliang Hu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaona Gao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaona Gao
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Xiaoquan Guo
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